腹部全麻手术影响因素的探讨

为了更多的减轻患者痛苦,减少并发症,通过与传统的护理观念相比较,笔者认为应缩短术前禁食时间、防治术后低温及预防血压不稳定、尽早给予半卧位、有效控制术后疼痛。     

33例肺上沟癌的临床特点及放疗疗效

目的　探讨肺上沟癌的临床特点及放疗疗效和不良反应。方法　回顾性分析 3 3例肺上沟癌住院病人的临床特征和常规放疗的疗效。结果　肺上沟癌占原发性支气管肺癌的 2 9% ,常见症状为 :患侧肩、背和上肢疼痛 ( 78 8% ) ,后 1,2 ,3肋骨或椎骨破坏( 5 7 6% ) ,Horner’s综合征 ( 3 6 7% ) ;少见的症状为 :咳嗽 ( 2 7% ) ,咯血 ( 9% ) ;中位生存期为 8 4月 ;1,3 ,5年生存率分别为 3 5 6% ,12 3 % ,4 6% ;放疗反应可耐受。结论　肺上沟癌相当少见 ,其临床特征基本符合pancoast综合症 ,本病预后差 ,但放疗可缓解疼痛 ,提高生存质量。     

胰腺结核1例的超声表现

患者男，25岁，大量饮酒后感上腹部不适来做超声检查。平日无不适，无结核病史及家族史。     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

钝性创伤致肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤一例

1病历资料患者女,46岁,2个月前因交通伤致腹部受伤,于当地医院腹腔穿刺抽出不凝血,行保守治疗后出现腹胀、腹痛、左下腹渐增性肿块。体检:贫血貌,左下腹可见一20cm×15cm包块,边界不清,有触痛,无搏动及血管杂音,肠鸣音弱。辅助检查:血红蛋白56g/L,红细胞2.3×1012/L。B超见左下腹有一不规则囊实性肿块,内部回声不均。彩色多普勒超声提示瘤腔内呈涡流的彩色血流信号,破口约0.8cm。CT提示左下腹包块,强化期包块内含造影剂血溢出,向下蔓延形成洋葱层样外观。CT血管成像(CTA)提示肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤。治疗时先采用介入方法,经股动脉…     

骨盆底肌的小秘密

背靠椅子站立，双手扶住椅背，腹部和大腿收紧。双脚脚跟并拢，提起脚跟，收缩会阴部位，然后放松。     

来自于肠系膜上动脉的副肝右动脉1例

作者在解剖中发现1例营养肝的动脉变异,报道如下。女尸,身高152cm,50￣60岁。该例来源于肝总动脉的肝固有动脉(直径0.55cm)管径比正常小(正常管径0.583cm±0.166cm)[1],并出现了起始于肠系膜上动脉的较粗的支配肝右叶的变异肝动脉,在此暂且将它称为副肝右动脉(见附图)。附图来自于肠系膜上动脉的副肝左动脉示意图肝固有动脉在行程过程中先后发出胃右动脉(直径0.25cm)和另外3个分支右支(直径0.20cm)、中支(直径0.25cm)、左支(直径0.40cm),经肝门左侧份入肝。其中左支还发出食管支。肠系膜上动脉于腹腔干下方0.50cm处起自的腹主动脉前壁,副肝…     

上胸椎前方手术入路

上胸椎前方解剖关系复杂，由浅及深为肌层：颈阔肌，胸锁乳突肌；骨性结构：胸骨柄，胸锁关节；血管性结构：左、右颈总动脉，主动脉弓，无名动脉，左无名静脉，左、右头臂静脉，甲状腺下动脉，胸导管；神经组织：喉返神经，交感神经链；其他深层组织：食管，气管，甲状腺，胸腺。这些器官和组织相互交错，互为邻里，错综复杂。此处椎体或脊髓前方病变时，前方入路可直接暴露病变部位，术野清晰，手术直接，效果明确，但易损伤以上相邻组织，严重者损伤胸髓，导致患者高位截瘫。     

上颈椎手术翻修原因分析及对策

上颈椎处于颅颈交接区，由于其解剖位置特殊、毗邻关系复杂，历来被视为脊柱外科手术的“禁区”。然而在过去的20多年里，上颈椎手术得到了更大范围的普及，但同时也出现了一些并发症，造成不良预后，一定程度上阻碍了上颈椎手术技术的发展。本文参阅国内外文献就上颈椎翻修术原因进行综述如下。