体外培养成人脂肪间充质干细胞及向平滑肌细胞诱导分化

目的 体外培养成人脂肪间充质干细胞,并应用转化生长因子β将脂肪间充质干细胞诱导分化为平滑肌细胞.方法 采用酶消化法和贴壁培养法分离培养脂肪间充质干细胞,流式细胞仪对第3代和第5代细胞进行表面抗原检测,对第5代细胞进行转化生长因子β诱导,于诱导后第10天进行免疫化学鉴定.结果 体外培养的脂肪间充质干细胞呈扁平的长梭形,细胞形态均一,传代稳定.干细胞相关标志CD29和CD44表达阳性,造血干细胞相关标志CD34随传代次数的增加由弱阳性逐渐转为阴性,内皮细胞相关标志CD31表达阴性.流式细胞仪检测结果 发现脂肪间充质干细胞中G0/G1、S和G2/M期的细胞分别占90.14%、3.77%和6.09%.转化生长因子β定向诱导后倒置显微镜下观察细胞呈"峰"、"谷"样形态,免疫荧光化学检测发现诱导组细胞α平滑肌肌动蛋白表达阳性.结论 成人脂肪组织中含有间充质干细胞,且可在转化生长因子β诱导后分化为平滑肌细胞.     

热休克预处理对脂多糖所致RAW 264.7细胞迁移的影响

目的 观察热休克预处理对脂多糖所致巨噬细胞迁移的影响.方法 采用ELISA观察脂多糖预处理对RAW264.7巨噬细胞中肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素1β释放的影响;采用趋化实验观察脂多糖处理对RAW264.7巨噬细胞迁移的影响;采用趋化实验观察热休克预处理对RAW264.7巨噬细胞迁移的影响.结果 用500μg/L脂多糖作用RAW264.7巨噬细胞1 h,肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素1β的释放较对照组明显增加(P<0.05);用500μg/L脂多糖处理细胞24 h, RAW264.7巨噬细胞的迁移较对照组明显增加(P<0.05);给予细胞42.5℃热休克预处理1 h后,再予500μg/L脂多糖处理细胞,RAW264.7巨噬细胞迁移较单纯脂多糖处理组明显减少(P<0.05).结论 热休克预处理能抑制脂多糖所致RAW264.7巨噬细胞迁移.     

抗β1肾上腺素受体细胞外第二环自身抗体长期存在对大鼠心肌细胞内游离钙的影响

目的观察抗β1肾上腺素受体细胞外第二环（β1-AR—EcⅡ）自身抗体长期存在对大鼠心肌细胞胞内游离钙水平的影响。方法分别将抗β1-AR—EC。抗体阴性和阳性大鼠血清中的IgG通过鼠尾静脉注入正常大鼠体内,建立对照及被动免疫模型。用ELISA方法定期监测血清中抗β1-AR—ECⅡ抗体水平;在免疫末期用BL-410生物信号记录分析系统测定大鼠在体心功能的变化;用激光共聚焦显微镜观察大鼠心肌细胞胞内游离钙水平。结果在免疫第40周时与对照组相比,免疫组±dp／dmax下降[（311．0±20．3）kPa／s比（465．0±24．0）kPa／s,P〈0．01],-dp／dt-下降[（-285．0±21．0）kPa／s比（-395．0±23．0）kPa／s,P〈0．01];LVDP升高[（6．44±0．36）kPa比（0．50±0．16）kPa,P〈0．01];心室肌细胞胞内游离钙水平显著升高（503．30±35．22比52．88±1．12,P〈0．01）。结论抗β1-AR-ECⅡ自身抗体长期存在可使大鼠心室肌细胞胞内游离钙水平升高发生钙超载,可能引起心脏功能的改变。     

转化生长因子β在支气管哮喘气道平滑肌重塑中的作用

支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是一种气道慢性炎症,持续的气道炎症导致气道重塑、不完全可逆的气流受限和进行性的肺功能受损.平滑肌细胞的增殖(包括增生和肥大)是哮喘气道重塑的特征性改变,是哮喘气道反应性和严重程度相关的重要因素之一.转化生长因子β(TGF-β)能够诱导分化、炎症、增生以及凋亡等多种细胞反应,促进平滑肌细胞的增生、肥大和迁移,在气道重塑中发挥重要作用.减少TGF-β的产生以及控制TGF-β的效应有利于对慢性哮喘气道重塑的干预治疗.     

NF-κB、TGF-β1在糖尿病大鼠心肌及主动脉中的表达

目的:探讨链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病(DM)大鼠心肌及主动脉核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)的表达。方法:用HE及MASSON染色观察DM大鼠心肌及主动脉的病理改变,用免疫组化的方法检测上述免疫因子的表达。结果:DM大鼠心肌、主动脉NF-κB、TGF-β1表达均明显高于正常对照组(CON),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:NF-κB和TGF-β1在DM心血管并发症的发生发展机制中起重要作用。     

五灵胶囊调节TGF-β／Smad信号通路蛋白对胶原I、Ⅲ型表达的影响

目的探讨五灵胶囊（WL）调节肝纤维化大鼠肝组织及星状细胞（HSC）TGF-β／Smads信号转导蛋白对胶原I和Ⅲ型（COL～I、COL-Ⅲ）表达的影响。方法SD大鼠以高脂低蛋白饲养、饮用10％乙醇,皮下注射40％CCl4,隔4天注射1次,连续6周制备肝纤维化模型,灌胃给予WL3．86g／kg和秋水仙碱0．1mg／kg治疗1月;另体外分离HSC,以不同剂量的WL与HSC培养24h,最后3h加入TGF-β1 10ng／ml。实验结束后镜检肝细胞变性和肝组织纤维化程度,同时ELISA法测定血清COL-I、COL-Ⅲ和培养液COL—I含量,RT-PCR检测肝组织COL-I、COL-Ⅲ、TGF-β1 mRNA的表达。Western blot检测肝组织及HSC内COL—I、ProCOL—I、LN、α—SMA、ERK、p-ERK、TβRI、TβRⅡ、Smad2／3、Smad7蛋白表达。结果WL组大鼠肝细胞变性和肝纤维化程度明显减轻,血清COL-I、CoL-Ⅲ含量增加,COL-I、COL-ⅢmRNA表达降低。Western blot结果显示,WL能明显下调肝组织α—SMA、LN、p-ERK、TβRI、COL—I、ProCOL-I蛋白表达,对ERK、TβRⅡ、Smad2／3、Smad7蛋白表达无影响;显著下调HSCα—SMA、TβRII、p-ERK、Smad7表达,呈浓度依赖性抑制HSC分泌COL-I。结论WL抑制肝纤维化大鼠肝组织COL-I、COL-Ⅲ合成并增加COL—I降解,其作用位点是下调肝组织和HSCTGF-β／Smad、Ras／ERK信号通路蛋白p—ERK、TβRⅡ表达。     

Wnt信号参与压力超负荷诱导的小鼠心力衰竭过程

目的通过检测wnt11、WIF-1及β-catenin在压力超负荷心力衰竭小鼠中的表达探索wnt信号在心力衰竭发生过程中的作用。方法主动脉缩窄法（transverse aortic constriction,TAC）建立C57/BL6小鼠心衰模型,假手术组为对照组。彩色多普勒采集心脏指标,取建模前后的血浆样本及心肌样本,测定血液中wnt11、WIF-1浓度及心肌组织中wnt11、WIF-1及β-catenin表达情况。结果与假手术组比较,TAC组小鼠wnt11、β-catenin的表达明显高于假手术组,而WIF-1的表达明显下降。结论 wnt途径信号分子参与压力超负荷介导的心力衰竭发生发展过程,相关生物标记物可能对心力衰竭的治疗有指导意义。     

抗β_2糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体在系统性红斑狼疮患者血栓形成中的作用

目的探讨抗β_2糖蛋白Ⅰ(anti-β_2-glycoprotein I,aβ_2GPI)抗体IgA、IgM、IgG在系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)血栓形成中的作用。方法收集确诊SLE患者,根据有无发生临床血栓事件分为SLE-non-APS组和SLE-APS组。选取原发性抗磷脂抗体综合征为PAPS组。这些患者均经实验室检测为aβ_2GP I抗体阳性,且排除血栓形成的传统危险因素。应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测各组患者aβ_2GPI的IgA、IgM、IgG 3类抗体水平。SLE-APS组+PAPS组患者中发生动脉血栓事件者纳入APS-A组,发生静脉血栓事件者纳入APS-V组,比较两组间上述指标。结果共纳入82例患者,SLE患者64例,原发性APS患者18例(PAPS组)。64例SLE患者中,SLE-non-APS组52例,SLE-APS组12例。SLEAPS组+PAPS组共30例,其中APS-A组23例,APS-V组7例。SLE-APS组aβ_2GPI-IgA[(1.3±0.4)×10~(-8)mol/L]、aβ_2GPI-IgM浓度[(1.0±0.2)×10~(-8)mol/L]低于SLE-non-APS组[aβ_2GPI-IgA:(1.8±0.9)×10~(-8)mol/L,aβ_2GPI-IgM:(1.5±0.7)×10~(-8)mol/L](P0.05),而两组aβ_2GPI-IgG的浓度无明显差异。SLE-APS组与PAPS组患者aβ_2GPI-IgA、aβ_2GPI-IgG、aβ_2GPI-IgM的浓度无明显差异。APS-A组aβ_2GPI-IgM浓度[(1.2±0.5)×10~(-8)mol/L]显著高于APS-V组[(0.7±0.1)×10~(-8)mol/L](P0.05),aβ_2GPI-IgG浓度显著低于APS-V组[(1.4±0.3)×10~(-8)mol/L vs.(1.7±0.3)×10~(-8)mol/L](P0.05),而两组aβ_2GPI-IgA的浓度无明显差异。结论无论有无SLE基础免疫性疾病,IgG类aβ_2GPI与静脉血栓形成有明显的关联性,IgM类aβ_2GPI与动脉血栓形成相关。     

Red Cell Indices and Formulas Used in Differentiation of β-Thalassemia Trait from Iron Deficiency in Thai School Children

Red cell indices and formulas have been established as simple, fast, and inexpensive means for discrimination between the β-thalassemia (β-thal) trait and iron deficiency. However, there were no reports of the diagnostic reliability of different red cell indices and formulas in discrimination of β-thal trait from iron deficiency in the Thai population. The aim of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of five red cell indices [red blood cell (RBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (Hb) (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), and red cell distribution width (RDW)] and eight formulas (Sirdah, Green & King, RDW Index, Menzler, England & Fraser, Ehsani, Srivastava, and Shine & Lal). Their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative prognostic value and efficiency, were analyzed in 77 Thai school children, 21 with the β-thal trait and 56 with iron deficiency. The Sirdah and Srivastava formulas proved to be the most reliable indexes as they had 100.0% sensitivity and negative predictive value, the highest efficiency (97.4%), and the highest Youden’s Index value (96.4%). Therefore, these formulas could be used in initial discrimination of the β-thal trait from iron deficiency in Thai school children.     

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and Airflow Obstruction in Rats via TGF-β1 Signaling

Cigarette smoke has been shown to cause chronic inflammation of the lungs, eventually leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Additionally, recent studies have suggested that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can mediate local inflammatory responses in the lungs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to test the effects of rat MSCs (rMSCs) on inflammation of the lungs and destructive pulmonary function induced by cigarette smoke in rats. Rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 7 weeks. rMSCs were cultured in vitro and infused intratracheally into cigarette smoke-exposed rats. The total and differential cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), histological changes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, and pulmonary function were evaluated. Additionally, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and human MSCs were cocultured in vitro to detect cytokines and TGF-β1 levels. We found that rMSC administration resulted in downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lungs while increasing TGF-β1 expression, reducing total inflammatory cell numbers in the BALF, and improving pulmonary histopathology and airflow obstruction. Coculture revealed that human MSCs mediated an anti-inflammatory effect partly via upregulation of TGF-β1. These findings suggested that MSCs may have therapeutic potential in cigarette smoke-induced inflammation and airflow obstruction, partly via upregulation of TGF-β1.