乳腺癌癌前细胞核病变形态计量学研究

应用图像分析技术对１０例正常乳腺组织、３０例乳腺不典型增生及３０例乳腺导管癌进行细胞核的形态学计量研究，检测５项核参数，即面积、周长、长短轴比、直径和圆度。结果表明：不典型增生Ⅱ级。不典型增生Ⅲ级与乳腺导管癌Ⅰ级组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；其他各组间有显著的及非常显著的差异性（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。因此不典型增生Ⅲ级是真正的癌前病变，与乳腺癌的发生有着直接的关系，但Ⅱ级不典型增生亦不容忽视。     

中医药抗消化性溃疡复发的研究

总结了运用中医药疗法对68例消化性溃疡愈合后的患者追踪观察2～4年的临床疗效,显示其具有复发率低的优势;又根据消化性溃疡发生及复发的机制分析了所采用的预防性治疗措施的作用机理;还对溃疡病复发的一些相关问题作了简单论述。     

开颅术后张力性气颅

报告１９８８年１２月～１９９２年１２月开颅术后张力性气颅５例，男４，女１．５例中３例治愈，２例死亡。开颅术后张力性气颅产生的主要原因是颅内占位性病变切除后，脑脊液丢失，使颅内压降低，甚至呈负压状态，外界的气体从切口进入颅内的腔隙，ＣＴ扫描或颅骨Ｘ线平片可以确定诊断，钻孔置管排气是活疗张力性气颅的有效方法，作者探讨了预防此种并发症发生的措施。     

Immunology: High fecundity rates following in- vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in antiphospholipid antibody seropositive women treated with heparin and aspirin

This study was undertaken to explore whether intervention withheparin and aspirin (H/A) in selected patients undergoing in-vitrofertilization (TVF) and embryo transfer could improve fecundityrates. Specifically, it explored the possibility that womendiagnosed with organic pelvic disease who demonstrated antiphospholipidantibodies (APA) could benefit from H/A administration in asimilar manner to that used in patients with recurrent pregnancyloss. We used an enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay forsix different phospholipids to identify patients who expressedAPA before they underwent IVF/embryo transfer. This study wasconfined to the first IVF/embryo transfer cycle that followedassessment of APA status and accordingly, the number of IVF/embryotransfer cycles corresponds with the number of patients treated.APA seropositive patients were treated with aspirin, 81 mg orallyq.d., and heparin 5000 IU s.c. b.i.d., beginning on day 1 ofcontrolled ovarian stimulation. The endpoint for success wasa live birth or an ultrasound confirming fetal cardiac activity(a viable pregnancy). The prevalence of APA in patients diagnosedwith organic pelvic disease (53%) was much higher than in thosewithout female pathology (14%). The administration of H/A toAPA seropositive patients significantly (P < 0.05) improvedthe viable pregnancy rate (49%) compared to the untreated APAseropositive group (16%). The viable pregnancy rate for APAseropositive women treated with H/A was also significantly (P< 0.001) higher than for untreated APA seronegative patients(27%). We conclude that all women undergoing IVF/embryo transfershould be tested for APA prior to initiating ovarian stimulation,and those with APA seropositivity should be treated with H/A.     

不同压力下人脐带静脉的形态变化

运用扫描电镜和光镜观察了人脐带静脉的形态结构及其在0～8.0kPa 压力下的变化.脐静脉结构类似中等动脉.内皮细胞和内弹力膜的形态随实验压力增大而改变.6.7～7.3kPa是脐静脉内膜的临界破坏压,5.3～6.7kPa 是制备脐静脉作为管道移植材料的最佳压力.     

Latex allergy in infants younger than 1 year

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of latex allergy in children is increasing worldwide. Previous multiple operations or atopic predisposition are known risk factors. In contrast, only sporadic cases of latex allergy have been reported in infants younger than 1 year, and the causative latex-containing products or symptoms in young infants have not been studied in detail. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyse the symptoms and risk factors of latex allergy in young infants. METHODS: Cases of latex allergy in infants younger than 1 year were studied in detail. Clinical course, causative latex-containing products were spotted and detailed analysis for latex allergy in patients and patients' parents was performed. CONCLUSION: We report nine cases of latex allergy in infants younger than 1 year. None of them have any abnormality or previous operations. Six patients had atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome, one patient had bronchial asthma, whereas two patients had no overt allergic diseases. Symptoms of latex allergy were wheezing, swelling of face or lips, facial rash, or anaphylaxis, and causative latex-containing products were teat, pacifier, nose cleaner, teether, balloon, or enema tube. All of the nine patients had positive skin prick test to latex and extract from causative latex-containing products, whereas eight patients had positive serum latex-specific IgE. Study for family history revealed that latex allergy was noted in either father or mother in six patients, in both father and mother in one patient, whereas no latex allergy was noted in parents in two patients. It should be noted that all of these patients had latex-induced symptoms at home. Latex allergy in young infants may not be unusual. Physicians should be aware of latex allergy, and care should be taken to avoid contact with latex in young infants, especially when there is family history for latex allergy.     

胃肠道基质细胞瘤临床诊治和预后

目的:探讨胃肠道基质细胞瘤的临床诊断、治疗和预后。 方法:回顾性分析1995—2005年收治的31例胃肠道基质细胞瘤临床和病理资料。结果:根据Fletcher风险分级，极低风险3例，低风险5例，中风险15例，高风险8例。CD117，CD34，desmin，SMA，S-100蛋白阳性表达率分别为93.5%，87.1%，38.7%，35.5%，25.8%，其阳性表达率与肿瘤危险程度无关(χ2=0.35，0.12，0.03，0.05，0.01，均P>0.05)。肿瘤是否浸润黏膜肌层或浆膜层与肿瘤危险程度相关(χ2=4.87，P<0.05)。结论:用Fletcher分级对胃肠道基质瘤分级评价更为科学合理。中、高危险程度者复发率26.0%，明显高于极低和低风险者（P<0.001）。根治性手术是治疗胃肠道基质瘤最佳选择。肿瘤浸润黏膜肌层或浆膜层是危险的重要指标。核分裂相是判断预后的独立预后因素。     

维生素K4、维生素D2对绝经妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响

为探讨不同剂量水平的维生素K4及维生素D对绝经妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响。选择年龄60~84岁(72.17±1.216岁),绝经女性骨折病人35例,随机分为4组,分别给予不同剂量的维生素K4及维生素D口服,实验进行20天。通过观察患者服药前后血清钙、血清磷、血清碱性磷酸酶、血清凝血酶原时间及血清骨钙素值的变化,综合评价维生素K、维生素D对老年妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响。结果显示,不同剂量水平维生素K4、维生素D对绝经妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响不同,有统计学意义。维生素K4对骨代谢的影响作用超过维生素D,并随剂量水平不同而差异有显著性。但维生素K4、维生素D对骨代谢的影响无交互作用。表明维生素D、维生素K4能促进骨折早期骨代谢,对骨折愈合有一定促进作用,且维生素K的作用强于维生素D。     

放射治疗时间与中晚期宫颈癌预后关系的研究

目的 研究中晚期宫颈癌单独放疗时总的放疗时间对治疗结果的影响。方法 选择1986～1990年治疗的386例Ⅱb和Ⅲ期宫颈癌患者进行外照射和腔内照射,对这些患者进行综合分析,确定总的放疗时间是否为影响预后的因素。结果 经过综合分析表明,宫颈癌放射治疗中总的治疗时间和输血是影响疗效的两个最具有显著意义的因素。治疗时间超过56 d时,每超过1 d,局部控制率和总生存率大约每天降低1％。结论 总的放射治疗时间是影响中晚期宫颈癌疗效的预后因素。