Sciatic Neuropathy: Case Report and Discussion of the Literature on Postoperative Sciatic Neuropathy and Sciatic Nerve Tumors

Sciatic nerve injury and dysfunction is not an uncommon cause of lower extremity symptoms in a musculoskeletal practice. We present the case of a man who presented with lower extremity weakness, pain, and cramps, and was initially diagnosed at an outside institution with bilateral S1 radiculopathies and recommended for spine surgery. He came to us for a second opinion. Electrodiagnostic testing revealed an isolated sciatic neuropathy and the patient was referred for imaging, which showed a sciatic nerve sheath tumor. Review of the literature on sciatic neuropathies shows that there can be many possible etiologies of sciatic nerve dysfunction, but that hip arthroplasty continues to be the leading risk factor. Sciatic nerve tumors are not commonly described in the literature and their definitive management remains unclear.     

磁刺激运动诱发电位在腰椎间盘突出所致的腰骶神经根病变中的应用研究

在35例有L5和／或S1神经根损害表现的腰椎间盘突出患者腰椎区进行磁刺激运动诱发电位（MEP）检查，测定、记录胫前肌、展肌和小趾展肌MEP的起始潜伏期（OL）。结果显示，35例中至少有一条总侧肌肉MEP异常33例（94．3％）。在L4－5椎间盘突出中，以胫前肌的MEP异常为主；在L5－S1椎间盘突出中，以小趾展肌的MEP异常为主。表明腰椎区MEP检查对腰椎间盘突出所致的腰骶神经根病变较为敏感，可为临床诊断提供可靠依据并有助于定位诊断。     

Neurogenic muscle hypertrophy in radiculopathy

The course of radiculopathy is sometimes associated with weakness and wasting of muscles. Very rarely in such cases, however, is hypertrophy of muscle fibres observed. Three cases are presented of sciatica with enlarged calves caused by hypertrophy of type 1 or types 1 and 2 muscle fibres. In light of the literature and the results obtained, an attempt is made to explain the cause of rare clinical symptoms and draw attention to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties.     

Spinal manipulation results in immediate H-reflex changes in patients with unilateral disc herniation

The aim of this clinical investigation was to determine whether the abnormal H-reflex complex present in patients with S 1 nerve root compression due to lumbosacral disc herniation is improved by single-session lumbar manipulation. Twenty-four patients with unilateral disc herniation at the L5-S1 level underwent spinal H-reflex electro-physiological evaluation. This was carried out before and after single-session lumbar manipulation in the side-lying position. Eligibility criteria for inclusion in the study were: predominant sciatica, no motor or sphincteric involvement, unilateral disc herniation at the L5-S1 level on CT or MR imaging, age between 20 and 50 years. H-reflex responses were recorded bilaterally from the gastrosoleous muscle following stimulation of tibial sensory fibers in the popliteal fossa. H-reflex amplitude in millivolts (HRA) and H-reflex latency in milliseconds (HR-L) were measured from the spinal reflex response. Pre- and post-manipulation measurements were compared between the affected side and the healthy side. Statistical evaluation was performed by the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test (SPSS). Thirteen patients displayed abnormal H-reflex parameters prior to lumbar manipulation, indicating an S1 nerve root lesion. The mean amplitude was found to be significantly lower on the side of disc herniation than on the normal, healthy side (P = 0.0037). Following manipulation, the abnormal HR-A increased significantly on the affected side while the normal HR-A on the healthy side remained unchanged (P = 0.0045). There was a significant difference between latencies on the affected side and those on the healthy side (P = 0.003). Following manipulation there was a trend toward decreased HR-L. However, this trend did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.3877). Eight patients displayed no H-reflex abnormalities before or after manipulation. Their respective HR-A and HR-L values did not change significantly following manipulation. Three additional patients were excluded due to technical difficulties in achieving manipulation or measuring spinal reflex. These observations may lend physiological support for the clinical effects of manipulative therapy in patients with degenerative disc disease.Presented in part at EURO SPINE, Zurich, 18 October 1996, the International Conference on Spinal Manipulation, Bournemouth, 19 October 1996, and the North American Spine Society Annual Meeting, Vancouver, 25 October 1996     

伴颈5/6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病影像学特点及临床意义

目的 观测伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病患者的颈椎间孔形态及三维空间下的各相关径值,分析并探讨其临床意义。方法 随机选取492例伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄,在上海长征医院于2014年9月至2019年7月期间行手术治疗的神经根型颈椎病患者,行颈椎正侧位X线、颈椎CT、颈椎磁共振等检查,数字骨科系统重建后观测椎间孔形态并测量最佳投射角度下的纵径、上前后径、下前后径、横截面积、椎间隙高度等径值并对其进行统计学处理,比较病例组与正常成人组C5/C6椎间孔之间、病例组病变椎间孔与对侧椎间孔以及病例组中男女患者之间的差异。结果 病例组C5/C6椎间孔形态因骨赘增生等,以纺锤形、不规则形为主,病例组C5/C6椎间孔横径均值、纵径、横截面积、椎间隙平均高度分别为（5.81±1.40）mm、（10.45±1.70）mm、（50.02±15.46）mm2、（4.99±0.89）mm,均比正常成人组减小,且差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;男女间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病患者的颈椎间孔的形态发生改变,导致椎间孔的横径均值及横截面积值均明显减小;椎间孔的横径在诊断颈椎间孔狭窄方面敏感性及特异性高;术中减压时应更加注重椎间孔横径的有效扩大,以提高手术效果。     

羌活胜湿汤加减联合臭氧注射、射频热凝靶点穿刺术治疗神经根型颈椎病风寒痹阻型临床观察

目的 观察羌活胜湿汤加减联合臭氧注射、射频热凝靶点穿刺术治疗神经根型颈椎病（风寒痹阻型）的临床疗效。方法 选择2020年8月至2021年5月于河南省中医院治疗的68例神经根型颈椎病患者,以随机数字表法分组,34例患者为观察组,患者为对照组,对照组给予羌活胜湿汤安慰剂颗粒,同时予臭氧注射、射频热凝靶点穿刺术治疗,观察组给予羌活胜湿汤加减联合臭氧注射、射频热凝靶点穿刺术治疗,治疗前后检测两组患者肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、6-酮前列腺素E1α（6-keto-PGE1α）、血浆P物质（SP）、β内啡肽（β-EP）、脂质过氧化物（LPO）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平,给予患者疼痛视觉量表（VAS）、颈椎功能障碍指数量表（NDI）、颈椎病临床评价量表（CASCS）评价,观察临床疗效。结果 与本组治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者IL-1β、PCT、TNF-α水平降低,IL-2水平升高（P<0.05）;治疗后与对照组比较,观察组IL-1β、PCT、TNF-α、IL-2改善更明显（P<0.05）。与本组治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者SOD水平升高,LPO、MDA水平降低（P<0.05）;治疗后与对照组比较,观察组SOD、LPO、MDA改善更明显（P<0.05）。与本组治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者SP、6-keto-PGE1α水平降低,β-EP水平升高（P<0.05）;治疗后与对照组比较,观察组SP、6-keto-PGE1α、β-EP改善更明显（P<0.05）。与本组治疗前比较,治疗后观察组VAS、NDI评分降低,CASCS评分升高（P<0.05）;治疗后与对照组比较,观察组VAS、NDI、CASCS评分改善更明显（P<0.05）。治疗后,观察组患者总有效率高于对照组（Z=2.018,P<0.05）。结论 羌活胜湿汤加减联合臭氧注射、射频热凝靶点穿刺术治疗神经根型颈椎病（风寒痹阻型）患者,可抑制患者炎症,清除氧自由基,改善疼痛介质水平,缓解患者疼痛,提升颈椎功能及临床疗效。     

针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病临床研究进展

神经根型颈椎病是颈椎病中最常见类型。近年来其发病率呈上升趋势,严重危害人类健康。本文着重从针灸治疗神经根型颈椎病的随机对照试验方面,探讨各种针法的疗效比较以及与其他治疗方法联合运用的效果,为进一步深入研究提供参考。     

三维平衡正脊手法配合针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病临床研究

目的:观察三维平衡正脊手法配合针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的临床疗效。方法:将90例CSR患者运用随机数字表法分观察组、对照1组、对照2组,每组各30例。由于治疗过程中三组均有病例脱落,最终观察组、对照1组、对照2组参与疗效评价者分别为28例、29例、28例。三组患者均口服双氯芬酸钠缓释片,在此基础上,观察组采用三维平衡正脊手法配合针刺治疗,针刺穴位选取颈夹脊、天柱、后溪、申脉、悬钟、手三里、少海;对照1组采用常规推拿手法配合针刺治疗,针刺选穴与操作手法同观察组;对照2组单纯采用针刺治疗,针刺选穴与操作手法同以上两组。三组患者均每日治疗1次,10次为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。比较三组患者颈肩部视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、颈椎病治疗成绩评分,评价临床疗效。结果:三组患者治疗后的VAS评分、NDI评分、颈椎病治疗成绩评分较治疗前均改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者治疗后的颈肩部VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);观察组治疗后的颈肩部VAS评分低于对照1组(P<0.001)和对照2组(P=0.042)。三组患者治疗后...     

颈肩部压痛的测定及其在神经根型颈椎病诊疗过程中的意义

目的评价应用人体压痛力学定量测试仪测定颈肩部压痛方法及其对旋提手法疗效的意义。方法本组神经根型颈椎病患者210例（脱落12例）,其中试验组106例（脱落5例）,对照组104例（脱落7例）。治疗方法试验组采用旋提手法,对照组采用牵引疗法,应用人体压痛力学定量测试仪于治疗前和治疗后第1、3、5、7、9、11、13天及治疗后1个月随访8个时间点测量颈肩部压痛。结果210例患者常见压痛点有棘突旁、肩胛骨上角、斜方肌颈肩移行部、肩胛骨内侧缘等。第3、4、5、6、7次复诊和1月随访试验组颈肩部压痛缓解优于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论人体压痛力学定量测试仪有利于压痛的量化评定,旋提手法可明显减轻神经根型颈椎病患者的颈肩部压痛。     

痹祺胶囊联合针刺治疗气滞血瘀型神经根型颈椎病的疗效评价

目的 评价口服痹祺胶囊联合针刺治疗对气滞血瘀型神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法 选取60例气滞血瘀型神经根型颈椎病患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组各30例。对照组仅给予针刺治疗,1次/d,留针30 min;治疗组在针刺治疗的基础上,口服痹祺胶囊,4粒/次,2次/d;两组患者均治疗2周。观察两组的临床疗效及治疗前和治疗结束后2周、4周的疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue score,VAS）、颈椎功能障碍指数（neck disability index,NDI）、中医证候积分、颈椎活动度。结果 60例患者中共有3例脱落,最终纳入57例。治疗结束后2周,两组总有效率较接近（治疗组96.4%,对照组89.7%）,而治疗结束后4周,治疗组总有效率（92.9%）显著优于对照组（65.5%）（P＜0.05）。治疗前,两组VAS评分无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗结束后2周和4周两组患者的VAS评分均低于治疗前（P＜0.05）,且治疗组VAS评分明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗前,两组NDI无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗结束后2周和4周两组患者的NDI均低于治疗前（P＜0.05）,且治疗组NDI指数明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗前,两组中医证候积分无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗结束后2周和4周两组患者的中医证候积分均低于治疗前（P＜0.05）,且治疗组中医证候积分明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗前,两组颈椎活动度无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗结束后2周和4周两组患者的颈椎活动度均高于治疗前（P＜0.05）,且治疗组颈椎活动度明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 采用痹祺胶囊联合针刺治疗气滞血瘀型神经根型颈椎病临床疗效显著,改善颈椎功能更明显,疗效更加稳定持久。