腹腔镜胆囊切除术中意外胆囊癌12例诊治分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中意外胆囊癌(unexpected gallb ladder carc inom a,UGC)的处理措施。方法:回顾分析本院955例LC术中遇到的12例(1.26%)UGC的临床资料。结果:随诊3~36个月,平均18个月。迄今全部存活。5例PT1、5例PT2、1例PT3(中转开腹)随访至今未发现癌复发及转移。1例PT2因拒绝根治术,现出现肝多发转移。1例PT4因腹腔种植转移,无法根治,故仅部分切除胆囊(胆囊粘连重),以解决急性胆囊炎问题,现有腹水、恶液质表现。所有病例均未见脐部戳孔处肿瘤种植转移。结论:LC术中应常规切开胆囊标本,必要时送术中冰冻。PT1单纯切除胆囊已足够;PT2要额外楔形切除肝组织及区域淋巴结;PT3中转开腹,行根治手术或姑息手术。     

氧腹腔气体置换对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后胃肠动力影响的临床研究

为观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）及LC术后进行O2气置换对胃肠动力的影响。笔者对15例腹腔O2气体置换行LC的患者（O2置换组）与同期15例仅行LC的患者（常规LC组）进行对照，于术前、术后行胃电图检查及胃肠激素检测。结果示，O2置换组LC术后3d内全部病例气腹均未完全吸收，占100%;常规LC组LC术后3d内均完全吸收。O2置换组术后胃肠动力恢复慢;O2置换组LC术后气腹存留时限明显长于常规LC组（P<0.01）。提示术后腹腔气体存留可能不利于胃肠动力的恢复。     

64层螺旋CT在糖尿病下肢动脉硬化闭塞症中的诊断价值

目的评价64层螺旋CT下肢动脉成像在诊断糖尿病下肢动脉硬化闭塞症中的临床价值。方法对90例可疑下肢血管病变的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行64层螺旋CT血管造影检查,对所有扫描原始数据行容积再现(VR),最大密度投影(M IP),冠状、矢状面多平面重组(MPR)以及曲面重建(CPR)。结果64层螺旋CT下肢血管造影检查可以清晰显示自髂总至足背整个动脉系统病变的准确部位、范围及侧枝血管。90例患者中67例(77%)患者血管呈不同程度粥样硬化表现。其中轻或中度狭窄49例(56.3%),重度狭窄18例(20.7%),7例(8%)完全闭塞患者可见侧枝循环血管形成。结论64层螺旋CT下肢血管造影,对糖尿病下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的诊断和治疗具有重要价值。     

肝门胆管癌的动态增强CT诊断

目的评价螺旋CT对肝门胆管癌的诊断价值。方法13例肝门胆管癌行螺旋CT平扫及动态增强扫描,并与手术及病理对照分析。结果11例平扫表现为肝门区低密度软组织肿块;2例表现为肝门区胆管不规则增厚,管腔狭窄。增强扫描13例有延迟强化。结论螺旋CT扫描对肝门胆管癌的诊断具有重要意义。     

杭州市中小学校园暴力行为及其相关因素分析

目的了解中小学生校园暴力受害与施暴情况,为中小学健康教育提供依据。方法用自编“校园暴力行为问卷”调查杭州市2 423名中小学生。结果87.3%的学生遭受过暴力侵害,49.2%的学生承认曾对他人有过施暴行为。课间、教室里发生暴力行为比较多,男生比女生多,初中生比小学生和高中生多。独生子女、城乡、家庭经济状况、家庭和睦程度、父母学历、外来学生、职业高中、重点高中等因素对校园暴力存在一定影响。结论中小学校园暴力比较普遍,应引起足够的重视。     

窒息缺氧与新生儿黄疸的关系探讨

传统理论认为缺氧可影响肝酶活性以及降低胆红素与白蛋白的结合力，使胆红素代谢发生障碍而表现为高胆红素血症。但据临床观察，窒息新生儿黄疸并不重，尤其是重度窒息患儿更轻。本组对2004年4月至2005年4月我科收治足月新生儿黄疸105例进行观察分析，以了解其与窒息的关系，现报告如下。     

新生儿高胆红素血症脑干听觉诱发电位检测的特征

高胆红素血症是新生儿期常见的症状,对新生儿脑神经有广泛毒性作用,国内外已有报道脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)检查可早期发现高胆红素血症引起的中枢神经系统损伤,但血清总胆红素升高的水平与脑干听觉功能损伤的关系仍不明确。     

Analysis of brain-stem auditory evoked potential and visual evoked potential in patients with Parkinson disease

INTRODUCTION The exact cause of Parkinson disease (PD) has not been known yet[1]. The overwhelming progress had been made in the treatment and pathogenesis of PD in recent 30 years, especially 10 years[2]. But it is still no way now to prevent or postpone…     

补肺活血胶囊改善肺通气功能的临床观察

目的 观察补肺活血胶囊改善肺通气功能的疗效.方法 本组患者63例,其中慢性支气管炎42例,支气管哮喘21例,均有咳嗽、咳痰、喘憋症状,肺部罗音等.所有患者均给予补肺活血胶囊4粒/次,口服3次/d.疗程90d.观察期间,停用其他与本病治疗有关的药物.结果 咳、痰、喘及心悸、气短等症状和P2亢进,肺部罗音,水肿等体征、肺通气功能、PaO2、PaCO2、血液流变学指标、体液免疫球蛋白水平有所改善,与治疗前比较差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05）.各项安全性指标治疗前、后无改变,未见不良反应.结论 补肺活血胶囊可用于改善COPD和哮喘患者症状体征,提高其肺通气功能.如在常规用药基础上加用该药效果应该更佳.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.