加速康复外科对结直肠癌患者术后胰岛素信号传导通路中TRB3表达

目的 观察加速康复外科(fast-track surgery,FTS)治疗理念对结直肠癌患者术后胰岛素信号传导通路中TRB3表达的影响.方法 选择合适的结直肠癌患者,随机分为FTS治疗组(F组)和传统手术方式治疗组(C组),关腹时采取患者腹直肌,利用RT-PCR和western blot测定腹直肌中TRB3的表达水平;并抽取患者静脉血测定患者术后空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗指数,统计学分析后进行比较.结果 F组术后空腹血糖水平为(8.73±1.12) mmol/L,C组术后空腹血糖水平为(11.15±1.43) mmol/L,F组明显低于C组(P＜0.05),F组患者术后胰岛素抵抗指数(6.92±0.42),C组术后胰岛素抵抗指数(9.73±0.27),F组术后胰岛素抵抗明显低于C组(P＜0.05).结论 FTS理念治疗结直肠癌患者降低了TRB3表达水平,在胰岛素信号传导通路中,有利于AKT/PKB的磷酸化,从而促进GLUT4对葡萄糖的转运,这可能是FTS理念治疗结直肠癌患者改善了胰岛素抵抗的重要机制之一.     

Effect of Soothing Gan (Liver) and Invigorating Pi (Spleen) Recipes on TLR4-p38 MAPK Pathway in Kupffer Cells of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Rats

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of inflammatory-mediated toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK) pathway in Kupffer cells(KCs) of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) rats and the intervention effect of soothing Gan(Liver) and invigorating Pi(Spleen) recipes on this pathway. Methods: After 1 week of acclimatization, 120 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups using a random number table(n=15 per group): normal group, model group, low-dose Chaihu Shugan Powder(柴胡疏肝散, CHSG) group(3.2 g/kg), high-dose CHSG group(9.6 g/kg), low-dose Shenling Baizhu Powder(参苓白术散, SLBZ) group(10 g/kg), high-dose SLBZ(30 g/kg) group, and low-and highdose integrated recipe(L-IR, H-IR) groups. All rats in the model and treatment groups were fed with a high-fat diet(HFD). The treatments were administrated by gastrogavage once daily and lasted for 26 weeks. The liver tissues were detected with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and oil red O staining. Levels of liver lipids, serum lipids and transaminases were measured. KCs were isolated from the livers of rats to evaluate the mRNA expressions of TLR4 and p38 MAPK by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and proteins expressions of TLR4, p-p38 MAPK and p38 MAPK by Western blot. Levels of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-1 and IL-6 in KCs were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After 26 weeks of HFD feeding, HE and oil red O staining showed that the NASH model rats successfully reproduced typical pathogenesis and histopathological features. Compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significant increases in body weight, liver weight, liver index, serum levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase as well as TC and TG levels in liver tissues, and significant decrease in serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(P0.05 or P0.01), while those indices were significantly ameliorated in the H-IR group(P0.05 or P0.01). Higher levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in KCs were observed in the model group compared with the normal group(P0.01). Significant decreases in TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were observed in the H-SLBZ, H-IR and L-IR groups compared with the model group(P0.05 or P0.01). The m RNA expressions of TLR4 and p38 MAPK and protein expressions of TLR4, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK in KCs in the model group were significantly higher than the normal group(P0.01), while those expression levels in the L-IR and H-IR groups were significantly lower than the model group(P0.05 or P0.01). Conclusions: Inflammation in KCs might play an important role in the pathogenesis of NASH in rats. The data demonstrated the importance of TLR4-p38 MAPK signaling pathway in KCs for the anti-inflammatory effect of soothing Gan and invigorating Pi recipes.     

肉豆蔻-8散通过JAK2/STAT3信号通路减轻缺氧/复氧心肌细胞的损伤

研究肉豆蔻-8散提取物对心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用及其与酪氨酸蛋白激酶2(JAK2)/信号转导子和激活子3(STAT3)信号通路的关系。使用连二亚硫酸钠(Na₂S₂O₄)建立H9c2细胞缺氧/复氧损伤模型;采用CCK-8法检测细胞活力;采用全自动生化分析仪检测细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的含量;采用试剂盒法测定细胞中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的含量;采用Hoechst染色法检测细胞凋亡程度;采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测各组心肌细胞JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3、Bcl-2、Bax的蛋白表达。Na₂S₂O₄对H9c2细胞活力的半数抑制量为2mmol/L;与模型组比较,不同浓度肉豆蔻-8散提取物均能提高细胞活力;能显著降低细胞培养液中CK、LDH、AST的水平、能显著增加细胞中CAT、SOD、GSH-Px的水平;同时可显著增加p-JAK2、p-STAT3、Bcl-2的蛋白表达、显著减少Bax的蛋白表达,而AG490阻断剂组可减弱肉豆蔻-8散提取物的作用。肉豆蔻-8散通过JAK2/STAT3信号通路发挥对Na₂S₂O₄诱导缺氧/复氧损伤心肌细胞的保护作用。     

基于网络药理学预测当归贝母苦参丸治疗前列腺癌作用靶点及细胞内信号转导通路

目的:通过网络药理学方法预测分析当归贝母苦参丸治疗前列腺癌的潜在机制。方法:通过TCMSP数据库检索中药的化学成分和作用靶点,并于UniProtKB网络平台获取每种靶蛋白的基因名。借助CTD等数据库查询疾病靶点。在STRING数据库中构建蛋白-蛋白互作网络（PPI）,于Cytoscape中进行网络可视化分析。通过DAVID数据平台对关键靶蛋白进行分析。结果:从TCMSP数据库中共筛选得到26个药物有效成分。PPI网络包括135个药物疾病交集靶基因,关键蛋白为34个。基因本体论（GO）分析这些靶基因涉及生物功能条目最多,共290个。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路主要涉及肿瘤信号通路等。结论:当归贝母苦参丸治疗前列腺癌是多靶点、多通路协同作用的结果,能够通过抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,抑制迁移以及抑制肿瘤血管生成等多方面发挥其抗肿瘤作用。     

竹节香附素A对人胃癌细胞株BGC-823细胞周期及STAT3信号通路的影响

目的?研究竹节香附素A(Raddeanin A,RA)在体外对胃癌细胞BGC-823的周期阻滞作用及对STAT3信号通路的影响。方法?应用MTT法检测RA对人低分化细胞BGC-823细胞的增殖影响,应用流式细胞仪检测RA对BGC-823细胞周期的阻滞作用,细胞划痕实验检测RA对BGC-823迁移、侵袭能力的影响,应用Western blot检测其对STAT3信号通路的影响。结果?RA在给药12、24、48h后,与对照组相比,对BGC-823细胞的增殖抑制有显著效果,呈现时间-浓度依赖关系。流式细胞周期结果显示,RA作用于人胃癌细胞BGC-823 12h后,S期比例与对照组相较显著上升,而G₂/M期比例下降,表明细胞被阻滞于S期。在浓度为8、16μmol/L时,镜下显示迁移过去的胃癌细胞数目均明显低于对照组,Western blot结果显示RA能下调p-STAT3蛋白的表达。结论?RA能有效抑制人胃癌细胞的增殖并阻滞其细胞周期于S期,并且抑制STAT3信号通路中p-STAT3的表达。      

对INT-FAK信号通路调控脑缺血后神经细胞凋亡的思考

脑缺血性疾病是人类健康的主要杀手之一,相关研究表明,神经细胞的凋亡是造成脑缺血疾病中神经系统损害的主要机制之一,而以整合素-黏着斑激酶（INT-FAK）控制调节的PI3K/PDK/Akt以及Raf/MEK/ERK两条主要信号途径引起的细胞凋亡是其主要作用机制。凋亡过程出现的诸多能加以调控的信号分子,都可以作为治疗脑缺血性损伤的潜在靶点。随着对脑缺血损伤与神经细胞凋亡关联的深入研究,抗凋亡治疗已经成为治疗脑缺血性疾病的重要途径。     

Notch信号通路对成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统的调控

生理情况下Notch通路不仅对成年神经干细胞数量的维持和自我更新发挥着决定性的作用,而且还可以抑制其向神经元分化,促进其向神经胶质细胞分化.脑缺血发生后,Notch信号通路被激活以调控缺血后脑损害区域的结构和功能重建.此文将主要综述Notch信号通路及其在生理和病理情况下对成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统的调控.     

Talin及Integrin/FAK信号通路与肝癌

肿瘤细胞黏附能力的改变是肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移的起始;整合素(integrin)是细胞表面重要的黏附分子受体,介导许多信号通路的发生,包括Integrin/黏着斑激酶(focal adhesion kinase,FAK)信号通路,直接或间接地影响肿瘤复发和转移,其中Integrin/FAK信号转导通路,在Integrin介导的肝癌黏附转移信号转导通路中起着至关重要的作用.踝蛋白(Talin)是第一个被证实的Integrin活化蛋白,是黏着斑(focal adhesion plaque,FAP)结构的重要组成部分.本文就Talin结构、功能、与Integrin/FAK信号通路的相互作用及其与肝癌及其他肿瘤的关系作一综述.     

Anoikis disruption of focal adhesion-Akt signaling impairs renal cell carcinoma

Background

Quinazoline-based α1-adrenoceptor antagonists suppress tumor growth by inducing apoptosis via an α1-adrenoceptor-independent action. Anoikis is a unique mode of apoptosis consequential to insufficient cell-matrix interactions.

Objective

This study investigated the apoptotic effect of novel quinazoline-based compounds on human renal cancer cells.

Design, setting, and participants

Two cell lines were used: renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 786-0, harboring a von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor-suppressor gene mutation with a highly angiogenic phenotype, and Caki cells (no VHL mutation).

Measurements

The lead compound DZ-50 (10 μM) led to significant inhibition of tumor-cell adhesion, migration, and invasion at a lower dose than doxazosin (25 μM) in both RCC lines.

Results and limitations

Doxazosin induced death-receptor-mediated apoptosis, while DZ-50 led to anoikis via targeting of the focal adhesion complex and AKT signaling that subsequently increased RCC susceptibility to caspase-8-mediated apoptosis. Both quinazoline compounds, doxazosin and DZ-50, significantly reduced RCC metastatic potential in vivo.

Conclusions

Quinazoline-based drugs trigger anoikis in RCC by targeting the focal adhesion survival signaling. This potent antitumor action against human RCC suggests a novel quinazoline-based therapy targeting renal cancer.