中枢性低钠血症的诊治体会

目的：分析探讨中枢性低钠血症的诊断及处理方法。方法：回顾性分析我科近5年收治的32例中枢性低钠血症患者诊治经过。结果：本组5例符合抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征（SIADH）,27例符合脑性耗盐综合征（CSWS）,全部患者低钠血症在1-2周内均得到纠正。结论：神经外科疾患并发中枢性低钠血症应密切监测血钠、中心静脉压及24h尿钠水平,并以此为依据鉴别其类型,给予有效治疗。     

正交试验法优选盐炙沙苑子炮制工艺

目的：优选盐炙沙苑子炮制工艺,为盐炙沙苑子规范化生产和质量保证提供依据。方法：以沙苑子苷A和鼠李柠檬素为指标,采用HPLC法,以加盐量、炒制温度和炒制时间为考察因素,采用正交试验法L9（3^4）优选盐炙沙苑子的最佳炮制工艺。结果：盐炙沙苑子的最佳炮制工艺为：加盐量为2%,炒制温度控制在120～130℃,炒制时间为60s。结论：优选出的盐炙沙苑子炮制工艺稳定可行,重现性好。     

Salacinol结构类似简化物的设计与合成(英文)

目的:探索Salacinol全合成的基本步骤。方法:根据Salacinol的结构组成,设计了其结构类似简化物1-(3-磺氧丙基)四氢噻吩锍盐(2)。以四氢噻吩和3-碘基丙醇为原料,经偶合反应和三氧化硫吡啶的酯化制得化合物2。当在相同的条件下以3-碘基丙醇硫酸酯钠替代3-碘基丙醇为烷化剂时,其主要产物经确证为3-碘基丙醇硫酸酯钠的分子内环化物1,4-丙二醇硫酸内酯(7)。结果:上述模拟实验结果提示,通过两步反应制得化合物2的方法可能为Salacinol的全合成提供一种新的途径。     

Evaluation of safety and tolerance of microencapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation: A randomized,placebo-controlled,double-blind study

Probiotic organisms have shown promise in treating diseases. Previously, we have reported on the efficacy of microencapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation at lowering serum cholesterol levels in otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults. This study investigates the safety and toxicology of oral ingestion of microencapsulated L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation. A randomized group of 120 subjects received a dose of 5 × 10¹⁰ CFU microencapsulated L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 in yogurt (n = 59) or placebo yogurt (n = 61) twice/day for 6 weeks. Clinical chemistry and hematological parameters of safety were analyzed. Fecal samples were collected at these time points for the analysis of deconjugated bile acids. The frequency, duration and intensity of adverse events (AEs) and clinical significance of safety parameters were recorded for both groups. No clinically significant differences between the probiotic yogurt and placebo yogurt treated groups were detected in either the blood clinical chemistry or hematology results and there was no significant increase in fecal deconjugated bile acids (P > 0.05) between treated and control groups. The frequency and intensity of AEs was similar in the two groups. These results demonstrate the safe use of this formulation in food.     

TLC-UV测定水飞蓟宾单磷酸酯钠的含量

目的 :为了准确测定水飞蓟宾单磷酸酯钠的含量。方法 :采用薄层层析对水飞蓟宾和水飞蓟宾单磷酸酯钠进行分离 ,用紫外分光光度法测定水飞蓟宾单磷酸酯钠的含量 ,测定波长 2 88nm。结果 :线性范围 5～30 μg/mL ,相关系数为 0 .9996 ,平均回收率为 98.93% ,RSD为 1.12 %。 结论 :本法能有效消除水飞蓟宾对测定的干扰 ,准确测定水飞蓟宾单磷酸酯钠的真实含量     

Simultaneous Determination of Six Quaternary Ammonium Alkaloids in Coptidis Rhizoma by UPLC

Objective To establish a new, rapid, and reliable reversed-phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of six quaternary ammonium alkaloids (QAAs) in Coptidis Rhizoma. Methods The effect of different experimental parameters on the analysis of QAAs by RP-UPLC was evaluated. Results Optimal resolution was achieved with an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column using a gradient elution profile and a mobile phase consisting of water spiked with 10 mmol/L ammonium bicarbonate (A, pH adjusted to 10.0 by ammonia water) and acetonitrile (B), at a flow rate of 0.30 mL/min and wavelength of 345 nm. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The proposed method was found to be reproducible, precise, and rapid according to the method validation. Conclusion The proposed method, which is compatible with MS analysis and the preparation of QAA, provides some helpful insights into the quality control of Coptidis Rhizoma.     

Hsp70 vaccination-induced primary immune responses in efferent lymph of the draining lymph node

Bovine paratuberculosis is a highly prevalent chronic infection of the small intestine in cattle, caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). In earlier studies we showed the protective effect of Hsp70/DDA subunit vaccination against paratuberculosis. In the current study we set out to measure primary immune responses generated at the site of Hsp70 vaccination. Lymph vessel cannulation was performed to obtain efferent lymph from the prescapular lymph node draining the neck area where the vaccine was applied. Hsp70 vaccination induced a significant increase of CD21⁺ B cells in efferent lymph, accounting for up to 40% of efferent cells post-vaccination. Proliferation (Ki67⁺) within the CD21⁺ B cell and CD4⁺ T cell populations peaked between day 3 and day 5 post-vaccination. From day 7, Hsp70-specific antibody secreting cells (ASCs) could be detected in efferent lymph. Hsp70-specific antibodies, mainly of the IgG1 isotype, were also detected from this time point onwards. However, post-vaccination IFN-γ production in efferent lymph was non-sustained. In conclusion, Hsp70-vaccination induces only limited Th1 type immune responsiveness as reflected in efferent lymph draining the vaccination site. This is in line with our previous observations in peripheral blood. The main primary immunological outcome of the Hsp70/DDA subunit vaccination is B cell activation and abundant Hsp70-specific IgG1 production. This warrants the question whether Hsp70-specific antibodies contribute to the observed protective effect of Hsp70 vaccination in calves.     

当阳市2008-2012年农村居民碘盐监测结果分析

目的了解和掌握当阳市农村居民食用碘盐状况,为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法采集本市10个乡镇的居民食用盐,检测方法采用《制盐工业通用试验方法碘离子的测定》（GB／T13025．7—1999）,碘离子的测定用直接滴定法。结果共采集样本1516份样品,其中合格碘盐1406份,非碘盐9份,除2008年外,碘盐合格率均高于93％。结论当阳市农村居民食用碘盐合格率较高,但还有一定非碘盐的存在。因此仍需加强食用碘盐的监督监测工作。     

Role of AMPK in pancreatic beta cell function

Pharmacological activation of AMP activated kinase (AMPK) by metformin has proven to be a beneficial therapeutic approach for the treatment of type II diabetes. Despite improved glucose regulation achieved by administration of small molecule activators of AMPK, the potential negative impact of enhanced AMPK activity on insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta cell is an important consideration. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of AMPK in central functions of the pancreatic beta cell, including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), proliferation, and survival. In addition we discuss the controversy surrounding the role of AMPK in insulin secretion, underscoring the merits and caveats of methods used to date.