大鼠肝损伤动物模型的建立

目的 探讨制作SD大鼠肝损伤动物模型的方法.方法 选用SD大鼠40只,随机分成对照组和模型组,每组20只,模型组切除大鼠肝脏的70%,对照组在同样的条件下打开关闭腹腔,分别在术前和术后12h、1、3、5、7、14 d检测两组大鼠的肝功能指标,术后14 d光镜观察肝脏的病理变化.结果 模型组肝功能指标AST、ALP和DBIL在术后12 h至7 d,ALT和TB在术后12h至5d与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),至术后14d两组大鼠肝功能各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后14 d光镜观察大鼠肝脏组织切片,对照组大鼠肝细胞之间排列疏松,细胞棱角较锐利,肝窦较宽,模型组大鼠出现肝细胞水肿,肥大,嗜酸性变的代偿性病理变化.结论 切除大鼠肝脏总体积的70%可有效建立大鼠肝损伤的模型.     

宫颈细胞学配合阴道镜对宫颈病变筛查的研究

目的探讨液基薄层细胞学检查（TCT）配合阴道镜检查对子宫颈病变的诊断价值.方法回顾性分析在妇科门诊行TCT检查的349例病人,结果异常者配合阴道镜检查对子宫颈病变进行筛查.结果采用TCT检查配合阴道镜检查能及早发现癌前病变.结论TCT联合阴道镜对早期宫颈病变起到很好的筛查作用,有利于对宫颈癌前病变及早期宫颈癌早诊早治,提高生存率.     

63例老年眼附属器淋巴组织增生性疾病临床及病理分类研究

目的分析老年眼附属器淋巴组织增生性疾病的临床特点及病理分类。方法回顾性分析60岁以上眼附属器淋巴组织增生性疾病63例患者的临床、病理资料,并予以分类。结果63例眼附属器淋巴组织增生性疾病中反应性淋巴组织增生7例（11.1%）,不典型淋巴组织增生5例（7.9%）,淋巴瘤51例（81.0%）,各类型病变临床特征相似;51例眼附属器淋巴瘤中,有45例为黏膜相关淋巴组织边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤（MALT-EMZL）。结论老年眼附属器淋巴组织增生性疾病临床表现无特异性,大多数为低度恶性的淋巴瘤,病理检查是分类与鉴别诊断的主要依据,免疫组织化学技术能进一步明确诊断。     

Fistulectomy as a surgical option for pulmonary arteriovenous malformation

Background Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for pulmonary arteriovenous malformation but removes some normal lung parenchyma. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and safety of the lung-saving procedure of fistulectomy as an alternative to lung resection. Methods From July 2003 to July 2008, 6 selected patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations underwent fistulectomies. Among them, 1 patient underwent emergency operation and 2 underwent bilateral operations. One patient received postoperative embolotherapy. Results No hospital deaths or postoperative morbidity occurred. PaO2 increased significantly after operation. All patients were free of symptoms and hypoxia during a follow-up for 9 months to 5 years. Conclusions Fistulectomy is a safe and effective procedure for patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation and may be an alternative to lung resection.     

Are predictive models for cancer volume clinically useful in localized prostate cancer?

Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between preoperatively predicted and pathologically measured prostate cancer volumes and to investigate the clinical use of preoperatively predicted cancer volume in predicting pathological stage. Methods: Correlations between pathological findings and various preoperative parameters, including the cancer volumes as predicted by using two methods (Vca and estimated PCvol), were analyzed in 196 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Results: Pathologically measured prostate cancer volume was significantly correlated with the Vca and estimated PCvol, but the correlation coefficients were respectively only 0.46 and 0.35. Prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), primary Gleason score, Vca, Vca fraction (Vcafx), and estimated PCvol were significantly higher in 82 patients with extraprostatic cancer than in 114 patients with organ‐confined cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were significantly correlated with pathological stage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the Vcafx and MRI findings were significant predictors of extraprostatic cancer, but receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the combination of Vcafx and MRI findings had no advantage over the combination of Gleason score, PSAD, and MRI findings. Conclusions: Vca and estimated PCvol are significantly correlated with the pathologically measured cancer volume but their ability to accurately predict cancer volume is limited. Vcafx and MRI findings were statistically significant predictors of extraprostatic cancer but their combination was not superior to the combination of Gleason score, PSAD, and MRI findings.     

蜕皮甾酮对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病核因子κB与PPAR-γmRNA表达的影响

目的 研究蜕皮甾酮对非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠模型核因子κB与PPAR-γ mRNA表达的影响,并探索其可能的作用机制.方法 采用改良高脂膳食喂养法,建立大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病模型.健康成年雄性SD大鼠48只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、蜕皮甾酮处理组与吡格列酮处理组,每组12只.模型组应用改良高脂饲料喂养,蜕皮甾酮组与吡格列酮组在高脂饲料喂养同时应用药物灌胃,正常对照组应用基础饲料喂养.实验16周末,处死所有大鼠,观察检测肝脏指数、血清与肝组织生化指标及肝组织病理改变;免疫细胞化学法检测各组大鼠肝组织中核因子κB蛋白表达情况;实时荧光定量PCR技术检测PPAR-γmRNA 水平变化.结果 蜕皮甾酮组和吡格列酮组血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)明显低于模型组(P<0.05);蜕皮甾酮和吡格列酮组与模型组相比,肝组织丙二醛(MDA)水平降低明显,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力增加显著;蜕皮甾酮肝脏指数显著降低;肝组织脂肪变性程度和炎症活动度明显减轻(P<0.05).蜕皮甾酮和吡格列酮组与模型组相比核因子κB水平明显降低(P<0.01),PPAR-γ mRNA显著增加(P<0.05).结论 蜕皮甾酮具有改善高脂饮食诱发的非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠肝脏酶学,通过增加肝组织SOD的含量和减少MDA的含量来减轻肝组织氧化应激水平,增加肝组织PPAR-γmRNA和减少核因子κB改善胰岛素抵抗,减轻肝脏炎症,发挥防治非酒精性脂肪性肝病的作用.     

Nonrigid registration of multiple sclerosis brain images using lesion inpainting for morphometry or lesion mapping

Morphometric studies of medical images often include a nonrigid registration step from a subject to a common reference. The presence of white matter multiple sclerosis lesions will distort and bias the output of the registration. In this article, we present a method to remove this bias by filling such lesions to make the brain look like a healthy brain before the registration. We finally propose a dedicated method to fill the lesions and present numerical results showing that our method outperforms current state of the art method.     

Liver biochemistry profile, significance and endoscopic management of biliary tract complications post orthotopic liver transplantation

AIM: To correlate the significance of liver biochemical tests in diagnosing post orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) biliary complications and to study their profile before and after endoscopic therapy. METHODS: Patients who developed biliary complications were analysed in detail for the clinical information,laboratory tests,treatment offered,response to it,follow up and outcomes. The profile of liver enzymes was determined. The safety,efficacy and outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) were also analysed. RESULTS: 40 patients required ERC for 70 biliary complications. GGT was found to be > 3 times (388.1 ± 70.9 U/mL vs 168.5 ± 34.2 U/L,P = 0.007) and SAP > 2 times (345.1 ± 59.1 U/L vs 152.7 ± 21.4 U/L,P = 0.003) the immediate post OLT values. Most frequent complication was isolated anastomotic strictures in 28 (40%). Sustained success was achieved in 26 (81%) patients. CONCLUSION: Biliary complications still remain an important problem post OLT. SAP and GGT can be used as early,non-invasive markers for diagnosis and also to assess the adequacy of therapy. Endoscopic management is usually effective in treating the majority of these biliary complications.     

A case of oesophageal ulcer developed after taking homeopathic pill in a young woman

Oesophageal ulcers occur mainly as a result of gastrooesophageal reflux disease （GERD）. However, pillinduced oesophageal ulcers are a fairly common event. The lesion is mainly due to entrapment of the pill and/ or its chemical composition thereof. This case report describes an oesophageal mucosa ulcer occurred in a healthy 35-year old woman who had no previous history of oesophageal disorders and received homeopathic medication. The present case reveals that pill entrapment can occur even in the oesophagus of healthy young individuals and that oesophageal mucosal ulcer can be triggered by substances generally thought devoid of any potentially mucosal aggressive effect.     

Face familiarity feelings, the right temporal lobe and the possible underlying neural mechanisms

A comprehensive review was made of the relationships between right hemisphere and face familiarity feelings, taking separately into account: (a) studies of patients with unilateral lesions of the anterior or the posterior parts of the right and left temporal lobes, who showed a familiar people recognition disorder, (b) studies of right and left brain-damaged patients, presenting an increased familiarity for unknown persons or abnormal familiarity feelings for well known people, (c) results of studies conducted in normal subjects to evaluate the lateralization of face familiarity feelings. In this last section, we separately reviewed: results obtained by means of separate presentation of familiar and unfamiliar faces to the right and left visual fields; lateralization of event-related potentials evoked by familiar vs unfamiliar faces; results of activation studies presenting familiar and unfamiliar faces. Taken together, results of this review have shown that face familiarity feelings are specifically generated by the right hemisphere. Clinical and neurophysiological data suggest that familiarity feelings: (1) are probably due to a lateralized subcortical route, allowing a first, unconscious, global recognition of familiar faces and (2) facilitate the subsequent distinction of known faces (unconsciously detected) from unfamiliar faces. Results of the review have also shown that the right frontal areas play an important role in the production or monitoring of inappropriate familiarity decisions.