基质金属蛋白酶在脑创伤中的研究进展

脑创伤是目前严重危害人类健康的主要疾病之一，具有较高的致残率和死亡率。而继发性脑损伤是影响脑创伤发展和预后的重要因素之一，适当的治疗可以减轻或避免某些继发性损伤的病理变化，提高患者的疗效，改善预后。近年来，随着对基质金属蛋白基质系（matrix metalloproteinases，MMPs）的不断深入研究，金属蛋白酶系在继发性脑损伤中的作用日益受到人们的重视。本文就基质金属蛋白酶系在脑创伤方面的研究概述如下。[第一段]     

The electrophysiological properties of substantia nigra pars compacta neurones recorded from 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned guinea-pigs in vitro

Summary Intracellular recordings were made from substantia nigra pars compacta neurones in vitro from animals with partial unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal tract. Lesions were assessed and grouped according to the severity of the strital dopamine depletion. No differences were seen between neurones from control and lesioned side nigrae as regards their membrane properties, firing rates, burst activity or percentage of quiescent neurones in any of the lesioned categories. It is concluded that following partial lesioning, the remaining substantia nigra zona compacta neurones in vitro, are functioning normally.     

Pathologic laughter and crying in ALS: a search for their origin

Spells of laughter and crying are well known in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Since ALS occurs mostly in older age groups, this brings up the possibility that aging changes in the brain could play a causative role in the origin of such spells. To rule out or at least reduce the complicating factor of aging, a study was made of the incidence of pathologic laughter and crying in patients whose motor neuron disease had started before the age of 45 years. The data were collected from 73 such individuals, all with confirmed ALS. All told, 36 had experienced episodes of pathologic laughter and/or crying. Of these, 20 had bouts of both laughter and crying. 9 bouts of crying alone and 7 spells of laughter alone. Nearly all with such emotional spells had developed bulbar involvement with the illness. The youngest patient with spells was 31 when his illness began and 35 when he started to have bouts of crying.     

循证护理在糖尿病皮肤损害临床实践中的应用

目的　应用循证护理 (EBN) ,探索糖尿病皮肤损害有效干预方法 ,减少残疾及死亡率 ,提高病人生活质量。方法　通过临床评估确定护理诊断 ,查阅文献 ,选择最佳护理证据 ,制定护理干预措施。结果　通过治疗及护理干预 ,2 2例糖尿病患者皮肤损害 ,显效 2 1例 ,有效 1例 ,转科 1例 ,出院时患者无并发症。结论　循证护理应用于临床 ,使传统护理经验走向护理科学发展 ;促进护士主动学习 ,提高护士综合素质 ;优质护理服务于个体化 ;解决患者现存的、潜在的护理问题 ,提高患者生存质量。     

电子对生物分子DNA损伤可能性的分析

目的研究电子在人体组织等效材料中形成的“簇点”能量分布情况，以及簇点的产生对生物效应发生的意义。方法针对电子与人体组织等效介质作用的物理机理，利用蒙特卡罗(MC)方法，按一个个相互作用事件(电离、激发、弹性散射、Auger电子发射)方式真实模拟电子在介质中的径迹，通过对这些事件进行统计分析，得到相关结论。结果电子在穿过介质过程中，主要以簇点(大于30％)形式沉积能量，并且80％以上的簇点中的能量沉积在50eV以上；簇点的密集程度与电子能量、簇点直径密切相关，簇点中能量沉积也取决于辐射类型和能量。结论簇点中的能量沉积是诱发组织细胞核内DNA分子各种损伤的最主要因素。     

Stenting of coronary bifurcation lesions by using modified crush technique with double kissing balloon inflation (sleeve technique): immediate procedure result and short-term clinical outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Sleeve technique is a modified version of crush technique. It is specifically designed to increase the success rate of final kissing balloon inflation, which used to be a major limitation of the latter. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility, safety, and early clinical outcomes of sleeve technique in stenting different types (de novo, in-stent restenotic or in-stent bifurcation) of coronary bifurcation lesions at different locations. METHODS: From August 2005 to May 2006, 41 consecutive patients with symptomatic, nonleft-main coronary bifurcation stenoses of diameter narrowing >or=50% were treated with two-stent strategy, using sleeve technique. RESULTS: The mean age was 63.6 +/- 11.6 years with male predominance (70.7%). High prevalence of diabetes mellitus (31.7%), total occlusion (22.0%), and multi-vessel disease (65.9%) was observed in this cohort. Intravenous abciximab was given in 35 (85.4%) patients. Final kissing balloon inflation was successfully performed in all patients. The minimal luminal diameter in main vessel and side branch was increased from 0.97 +/- 0.53 mm and 0.81 +/- 0.45 mm to 2.76 +/- 0.34 mm and 2.22 +/- 0.35 mm, respectively. The mean procedure time was only 66.6 +/- 24.6 min. There was one (2.4%) case of subacute stent thrombosis presented as non-Q-wave myocardial infarction at day 3 postprocedure. The resultant in-hospital and 30-day major adverse cardiac event rate were both 2.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Sleeve technique is a feasible and efficient approach in stenting of coronary bifurcation stenoses.     

Possible injury to the branches of the peroneal nerve during fibular osteotomies

Conclusions The peroneal nerves and their blood supply are at risk during high tibial osteotomies. Fixation of nerves by fibrous tissues, compression by tendinous arcades of the peroneus longus tendon, and narrow passages for nerves crossing dense fibrous septa are all factors which favor the development of peroneal nerve lesions. Intraoperative soft tissue retraction and pull by retractors may damage nerves and vessels. The muscle branch for the extensor hallucis longus muscle is particularly at risk during the fibular osteotomy since it runs directly on the bone.     

病毒性肝炎60例临床与病理分析

对６０例病毒性肝炎患者进行肝穿刺活检，结果发现，临床与病理诊断的符合率为４６．６％，其中，急性肝炎的诊断符合率最低（２３．８％），慢性迁延型肝炎（慢迁肝）为４４．８％；ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性首次发病的患者中，急性乙型肝炎仅为１１．２％（２／１８）；临床诊断的慢性活动型肝炎（慢活肝）仅为病理检出的２５．７％（９／３５）；肝炎患者中脾肿大，凝血酶元时间延长、Ａ／Ｇ值＜１．２、抗ＨＢｃＩｇＭ阳性可作为慢活肝与慢迁肝鉴别的重要指标。这些对提高病毒性肝炎临床分型诊断的准确率及指导临床治疗有意义。     

高原环境下大鼠对硒制剂耐受力的实验研究

本实验将大鼠从上海空运至兰州，很快转至高海拔地区，用光镜及电镜观察了亚硒酸钠对大鼠的影响。结果发现在高原环境下大鼠对硒的耐受力减低，引起了大鼠猝死半加得高原缺氧对心肌的损伤，降低了大鼠高原适应性。本文还对其耐受机理进行了初步讨论。