肺音信号的自回归谱谱阵分析

本文应用自回归模型方法研究了各种肺音信号的ＡＲ谱谱阵，并与傅里叶功率谱谱阵作了对比，探讨了两种谱阵的特点与差异，实验结果表明：肺泡呼吸音ＡＲ模型阶次为６阶，气管音ＡＲ模型阶次为１４阶，哮鸣音与喘鸣音的ＡＲ模型阶次分别为１２阶与６阶，正常呼吸音（肺泡呼吸音与气管音）功率谱为连续谱，异常连续性肺音（哮鸣音与喘鸣音）功率谱为离散线状谱，音肺信号谱阵方法可显示出肺音的时变特性，有利于对肺音作动态分析。     

Internal models underlying grasp can be additively combined

Our ability to additively combine two learned internal models was investigated by studying the forces people generate when lifting objects with a precision grip. Subjects were required to alternately lift two objects of identical physical appearance but differing weight. Grip force scaling prior to lift-off was used to estimate the output of the internal model associated with each object. Appropriate internal models were formed when alternately lifting two objects of different weight. The objects were then combined by stacking them one upon the other, and the combined object was lifted. Results show that subjects can additively combine internal models of object dynamics but the sum is biased by a default estimate of the objects weight.     

Effect of administration of diethylcarbamazine with and without fluconazole on experimental fungal infections in mice

Other researchers have found that diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is effective treatment for filariasis despite a lack of demonstrated in vitro antifilarial activity. The results of our previous investigations using feline and murine leukemia virus models encouraged us to investigate the use of DEC with other infections. In our current experiments, DEC treatment was associated with lower brain fungal burden in fluconazole-treated mice following intravenous injection of Aspergillus fumigatus or increasing numbers of Cryptococcus neoformans organisms, and lower brain and kidney levels of Candida albicans following intravenous injection of increasing numbers of C. albicans. Further investigation of combined DEC and fluconazole treatment of fungal infections is warranted.     

慢性马兜铃酸肾病动物模型的建立及其意义

目的探讨建立马兜铃酸引起的大鼠慢性肾间质纤维化动物模型.方法将雌性wistar大鼠分为马兜铃酸组与对照组.马兜铃酸组大鼠腹膜内注射马兜铃酸5mg@kg-1@d-1共16周,开始用药后8、12、16、20、24周分别处死6只大鼠.对照组大鼠(5只)腹膜内注射生理盐水2ml/d,共16周,24周时处死.两组动物处死时分别留取血、尿、肾组织标本,分别作生化、病理(光镜,免疫荧光,电镜)等方面的检查及应用电脑软件测定肾小管-间质面积.结果马兜铃酸组大鼠用药后16、20、24周体重明显低于对照组;用药后16周血尿素氮、血清肌酐明显高于对照组,24周时肾功能损伤进一步加重.光镜检查可见马兜铃酸组大鼠有明显肾小管-间质损伤,16周时肾小管面积明显增加,管腔面积明显小于对照组;24周时出现明显肾小管萎缩,肾小管面积明显缩小,而肾间质面积明显增加,肾间质呈多灶性纤维化.电镜检查16周时肾小管上皮细胞胞质内初级溶酶体、次级溶酶体明显增加,部分肾小管上皮细胞刷状缘消失;20、24周时可见胞质内次级溶酶体和髓样小体堆积.结论建立了慢性马兜铃酸肾病动物模型.马兜铃酸具有慢性肾毒性作用,可引起大鼠慢性肾间质纤维化.     

豚鼠银屑病样动物模型中角蛋白K14,16,17表达水平的变化

目的　研究心得安外涂所致豚鼠银屑病样动物模型皮损中角蛋白 K1 4,1 6 ,1 7表达水平的变化 ,从分子水平研究此种动物模型的可行性 .方法　用 5 0 g· L- 1心得安乳剂外涂豚鼠耳背部皮肤诱导银屑病样动物模型 ,应用原位杂交法检测银屑病样皮损中角蛋白 K1 4,1 6 ,1 7的表达 .结果　心得安外涂所致豚鼠银屑病样动物模型皮损中角蛋白 K1 4,1 6表达水平较正常对照组明显增高 ,K1 7的水平无明显变化 .结论　心得安外涂所致豚鼠银屑病样动物模型不仅在组织病理学而且在分子水平上与人类银屑病皮损基本一致     

一种新的鼠大脑局部缺血模型

目的 制成鼠大脑局部缺血模型。方法 采用左侧颈动脉离心端插管,灌注一定压力和流量的生理盐水。结果 ①美蓝染色显示大脑左侧大部分区域被染蓝,除皮层着色较浅外,其余部位着色较深。②体感诱发电位在灌注后30min时,其幅度超过灌注前20％。结论 染色说明大脑左侧为缺血区,体感诱发电位幅度的增高,表明大脑处于兴奋性损伤状态。证实了此方法制成的大脑局部缺血可靠,且省时省力简便易行。     

胸腺因子D对实验性大鼠肝纤维化防治作用的研究

目的　研究胸腺因子D(TFD)的体内抗肝纤维化作用。方法　用四氯化碳 (CCL4 )复制大鼠肝纤维化模型 ;造模开始或造模 30d后予TFD ;实验结束后分别测定肝功能、纤维化指标 (Ⅲ型前胶原、透明质酸和层粘连素 )、肝组织中谷胱甘肽、超氧化物岐化酶及丙二醛含量 ,并作肝病理检查。结果　TFD可显著减轻CCl4 肝纤维化程度 ,能明显降低血清Ⅲ型前胶原、透明质酸、层粘连素和肝组织中丙二醛含量 ;显著提高谷胱甘肽和超氧化物岐化酶活性 ,改善肝功能 ,组织学检查亦显示具有抗肝纤维化作用。结论　TFD在体内具有抗肝纤维化的作用 ,可望用于肝纤维化的防治。     

实验性自身免疫性内耳病耳蜗热休克蛋白70的表达

目的　探讨自身免疫性内耳病模型动物耳蜗热休克蛋白的表达。方法　利用同种异体内耳抗原免疫豚鼠 ,以建立自身免疫性内耳病 (autoimmuneinnereardisease ,AIED)动物模型 ,并应用免疫组织化学及原位杂位技术 ,研究热休克蛋白 (heatshockprotein ,hsp) 70在正常对照组及AIED模型动物实验组耳蜗中的表达情况。结果　对照组豚鼠螺旋神经节细胞中存在hsp70样蛋白基础表达 ;实验组 2 8耳中 10耳 (35 7% )听阈提高≥ 10dB ;此组动物螺旋神经节细胞和血管纹、螺旋韧带hsp70及其mRNA表达明显增强。结论　以粗制膜迷路抗原免疫豚鼠 ,听阈提高动物hsp70在螺旋神经节细胞和血管纹、螺旋韧带合成增加。