下鼻甲不同术式对鼻黏膜纤毛功能的影响

目的比较黏膜瓣下鼻甲成形术、黏膜下下鼻甲骨切除术、下鼻甲微波手术和传统下鼻甲部分切除术对鼻黏膜纤毛功能的影响。方法将慢性肥厚性鼻炎患者150例及正常对照者30例分3组。A组,一侧行黏膜瓣下鼻甲成形术(120例,120侧),另一侧分别行下鼻甲部分切除术(60例,60侧)和黏膜下下鼻甲骨切除术(60例,60侧);B组,30例(60侧)行下鼻甲微波手术;C组,30例(60侧)个体未行任何手术,做正常对照。用糖精试验分别测定术前及术后3个月黏膜纤毛传送时间,并进行统计学分析。结果黏膜瓣下鼻甲成形术与黏膜下下鼻甲骨切除术术后黏膜纤毛传送时间无明显差异(P>0.05),与正常相比无统计学差异(P>0.05);与正常相比较,传统下鼻甲部分切除术和微波下鼻甲手术术后黏膜纤毛传送时间明显延长(P<0.05;P<0.01)。结论黏膜瓣下鼻甲成形术与黏膜下下鼻甲骨切除术能保留鼻黏膜纤毛功能,下鼻甲部分切除术和微波手术均明显降低黏膜纤毛功能。     

结膜瓣平整程度与初发翼状胬肉术后复发的关系

目的:探讨初发翼状胬肉术后复发的影响因素。方法:对初发翼状胬肉行胬肉切除加结膜瓣转移术,按术后结膜瓣缝合平整程度分为3组,平整组共计36例,39眼;欠平整组共计41例,48眼;不平整组共计19例,22眼。观察各组手术1个月后的睑裂部充血率及结膜瓣平整程度与复发的关系。结果:平整组手术1个月后的睑裂部充血率为7.2%,欠平整组为18.1%,不平整组为30.8%。入选96例109眼的复发率为13.8%,3组的复发率依次为5.1%、12.5%、31.8%。平整组与不平整组复发率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:结膜瓣缝合平整可缩短术后愈合时间,减少睑裂部结膜充血及结膜下新生血管形成,是减少术后复发的重要因素。     

NO在皮神经营养血管蒂岛状瓣延迟中的作用研究

目的观察皮神经营养血管蒂岛状瓣延迟过程中NO的含量变化及一氧化氮合成酶抑制剂对延迟效果的影响。方法设计大鼠腹壁下神经营养血管蒂岛状瓣模型,通过Griess法测定延迟术后不同时间点皮瓣组织内NO代谢产物含量;皮瓣延迟术后通过腹腔注射不同剂量[0mg(/kg·d)、50mg(/kg·d)、100mg(/kg·d)]的一氧化氮合成酶抑制剂,比较各组皮瓣的成活情况。结果皮瓣延迟术后,皮瓣组织内NO代谢产物含量明显增加;延迟术后腹腔注射不同剂量的L-NAME,各组皮瓣成活面积百分比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论延迟过程中皮瓣组织内NO含量呈规律性变化;一氧化氮合成酶抑制剂能够通过减少皮瓣组织内NO的合成,影响延迟效果。     

前臂骨间背侧动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在手外科中的应用

目的：探讨前臂骨间背侧动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在修复手部软组织缺损中的应用价值。方法：选择手部软组织损伤患者30例作为研究对象,采用前臂骨间背侧动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复术治疗,随访6～8个月,观察手部功能、外形和感觉的恢复情况。结果：术后随访观察皮瓣全部成活,手部外形及功能恢复满意,感觉部分恢复。结论：骨间背侧动脉逆行岛状皮瓣手术操作简单,易于成活,可加以推广用于治疗手部软组织缺损。     

胸骨舌骨肌筋膜瓣在下咽癌术后修复中的应用

目的:探讨胸骨舌骨肌筋膜瓣在下咽癌术后修复中的应用。方法:1987年6月至1997年6月收治9例下咽癌患者,根据2002年UICC分期标准,Ⅱ期1例,Ⅲ期4例,Ⅳ期4例。咽侧手术入路切除肿瘤,术后根据需要分别制作胸骨舌骨肌筋膜瓣、胸骨舌骨肌肌瓣、胸骨舌骨肌肌筋膜瓣等行组织缺损修复和咽喉功能重建,2例联合裂层皮片修复。术后均予以辅助放射治疗,剂量60~80 Gy。结果:所有修复组织成活,术后伤口感染1例,经冲洗换药后延迟愈合。9例患者均拔除了气管套管,保留了全部喉功能。术后12~35 d恢复经口进食,平均16.3 d;发生咽瘘2例,经换药、冲洗、加压包扎等处理后愈合。无咽食管狭窄发生。3年生存率66.7%(6/9),5年生存率44.4%(4/9)。结论:胸骨舌骨肌及筋膜瓣可以修复下咽前壁、舌根、外侧壁,是一种简捷有效的修复方式。     

A clinical comparison of the new attachment obtained by guided tissue regeneration and coronally positioned flap techniques in the management of human molar furcation defects

The present clinical trial was designed to evaluate the regenerative potential of the periodontal tissue in Class II furcation defects in mandibular molars using reconstructive surgery based on the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) technique versus the coronally positioned flap (CPF) technique. After the completion of the initial phase of therapy and four to six weeks healing period, 20 furcation-involved molars were examined for baseline data which included plaque index, gingival condition, probing depth (PD), probing attachment level (PAL-V, PAL-H) and radiographs. All parameters were reexamined after three, six and twelve months of healing, except PD, PAL-V and PAL-H which were not measured at three and six months. A nonparametric analysis was used. The study showed that there were no significant differences in the mean baseline measurements between the treatment groups. After 12 months following surgical treatment, both GTR and CPF procedures showed gains in new clinical attachment levels. When comparing parameters between the two surgical procedures, GTR molars showed significantly more improvement in probing depth as well as vertical and horizontal attachment level of the interradicular osseous defect than did the CPF molars (p < 0.05). About 80 per cent of the sites treated with the GTR technique showed complete clinical resolution of the furcation problem. CPF therapy reached the same Treatment goal in about 50 per cent of the cases which were treated. Guided tissue regeneration appeared to be more effective in promoting regeneration than the coronally positioned flap.     

带蒂髂腹股沟轴型皮瓣移植术后血管危象原因的分析

目的 为提高IASFT成活率．降低血管危象发生率。方法 对7例IASFT术后血管危象患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组中女性肥胖患者占5例,皮辫设计不合理占4例,皮辫止血不彻底招致感染2例,解剖结构不熟悉致损伤供血血管1例。结论 对适应症的合理选择和皮辫的设计恰当与否可能是预防带蒂髂腹股沟轴型皮辫移植术后血管危象的关键。     

自体微粒皮移植加异体异种皮覆盖在大面积深度烧伤中的应用

目的 评价自体微粒皮移植加异体、异种皮覆盖在救治大面积深度烧伤中的效果。方法 选择16例深度烧伤病人,烧伤面积15％～92％,平均55.9％±21.8％,正度面积7％～60％,平均33.6％±15.7％,其中5例合并有吸入性损伤。16例采用早期切削痴自体微粒皮移植加异体、异种皮覆盖,同时观察不同覆盖皮种的效果。结果 16例除1例死亡全部治愈。异体皮比异种覆盖修复创面快,残余创面少,亲属皮和尸胎皮效果最好。结论 自体微粒皮移植加异体、异种皮覆盖治疗大积深度烧伤效果可靠。     

Contribution of nitric oxide to beta2-adrenoceptor mediated vasodilatation in human forearm arterial vasculature

AIMS: beta2-adrenoceptor agonists are generally considered to produce endothelium independent vasodilatation through adenylate cyclase. We determined whether nitric oxide contributes to beta2-adrenoceptor vasodilatation in human arterial vasculature. METHODS: Forearm blood flow responses to brachial intra-arterial infusions of ritodrine (2.5-50 microg min(-1)), a selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist, were determined in 24 healthy, normotensive subjects (mean age 22 years, 5F) on two occasions with initial and concomitant administration of L-NMMA (800 microg min(-1)), an NO synthase inhibitor, or noradrenaline (5-30 ng min(-1)), a control constrictor not affecting basal NO activity. Responses to the endothelium dependent vasodilator scrotonin (n = 6) and an endothelium independent vasodilator GTN (n = 9) were also determined. RESULTS: Maximal dilatation to ritodrine during L-NMMA infusion (310+/-32%; mean+/-s.e.mean) was reduced compared to that during noradrenaline infusion (417+/-41%, P<0.05), as were summary responses (1023+/-101 vs 1415+/-130; P<0.05). Responses to GTN were unaffected by L-NMMA compared to noradrenaline; max 177+/-26 vs 169+/-20%, 95% CI for difference -33,48; P=0.68; summary response 361+/-51 vs 396+/-37, 95% CI -142,71; P=0.46. Dilator responses to serotonin were reduced by L-NMMA; max 64+/-20 vs 163+/-26%, P<0.01; summary response 129+/-36 vs 293+/-60; P<0.05) and to a greater extent than ritodrine (58+/-7 vs 25+/-14%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: beta2-adrenoceptor mediated vasodilatation in the human forearm has an NO mediated component. The underlying mechanism for this effect is unclear, but flow mediated vasodilatation is unlikely to be responsible.     

The vasodilator action of nebivolol in forearm vasculature of subjects with essential hypertension

AIMS: Brachial artery administration of nebivolol increases forearm blood flow in normotensive subjects through activation of the L-arginine/NO pathway. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of brachial artery administration of nebivolol in subjects with essential hypertension. METHODS: We studied eight patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension and serum cholesterol less than 6.9 mmol l-1. Antihypertensive medication was discontinued 2 weeks before the study in previously treated patients. Following cannulation of the left brachial artery, saline was infused to establish baseline blood flow, followed by increasing doses of nebivolol (88.5, 177 and 354 microg min-1, each dose for 6 min), followed by saline for 12 min, followed by a 30 min infusion of L-NMMA (2 mg min-1 ). During the final 18 min of the L-NMMA infusion, nebivolol was coinfused using the same doses as before. Forearm blood flow was measured in both arms using venous occlusion plethysmography. RESULTS: Blood flow in the noninfused arm did not change significantly throughout the study. In the infused arm blood flow increased significantly in a dose-related manner during the first series of nebivolol infusions from 2.76+/-0.39 ml min-1-1 100 ml forearm-1 during the baseline period to 4.40+/-0.60 ml min-1-1 100 ml forearm-1 (mean+/-s.e. mean, n=8, P=0.0003 by anova ). L-NMMA antagonized the vasodilator effect of nebivolol: baseline blood flow in the infused arm was 2.41+/-0.53 ml min-1 100 ml forearm-1 and 2.94+/-0.42 ml min-1 100 ml forearm-1 during coinfusion of the top dose of nebivolol with L-NMMA (P=0.0006 for an effect of L-NMMA on nebivolol response). There were no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Nebivolol causes vasodilation in the forearm vascular bed in subjects with essential hypertension. Since this response is antagonized by L-NMMA, the vasodilatation is probably caused by activation of the L-arg/NO pathway.