3,5-甾二烯化合物的合成及抗早孕活性

以18-甲基-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮(18-甲基炔诺酮),17β-羟基-17α-乙缺基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮(炔诺酮),17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-雄甾-4-烯-3-酮(妊娠素)和17a-羟基孕甾-4-烯-3,20二酮(17α-羟基黄体酮)为原料,经NaBH,还原、脱水、双键转位和酯化等反应合成一系列3,5-甾二烯化合物,用¹HNMR和MS证明了它们的结构。动物筛选结果表明,17β-丙酰氧基-17α-乙炔基-雌甾-3,5-二烯(IV_b2有明显的抗早孕活性。中断早期妊娠的作用似与其雌激素活性有关。     

In vivo carbon monoxide exposure and hypoxic hypoxia stimulate immediate early gene expression

 This study aimed to examine the influence of acute tissue hypoxygenation on the expression of immediate early genes in different rat tissues. To this end male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0.1% carbon monoxide for 0.5, 1 and 6 h or to 9% oxygen for 6 h and mRNA levels for c-jun, c-fos, c-myc and EGR-1 were assayed by RNase protection in hearts, kidneys, livers and lungs. We found that hypoxia increased c-jun mRNA levels between twofold (lung) and eightfold (liver) in all organs examined; c-fos mRNA increased between threefold (lung) and 20-fold (heart); c-myc mRNA increased between twofold (lung) and sixfold (heart); and EGR-1 mRNA increased between twofold (lung) and sixfold (heart). Our findings suggest that acute tissue hypoxygenation is a general stimulus of the expression of immediate early genes in vivo. With regard to the sensitivity to hypoxia, organ differences appear to exist in that the lung is rather insensitive, whilst the heart is rather sensitive. Received: 25 February 1997 / Received after revision: 17 June 1997 / Accepted: 19 June 1997     

Modulation of bone loss during calcium insufficiency by controlled dynamic loading

Summary Changes in the midshaft cross-sectional area of the ulna were measured in egg-laying turkeys on a diet insufficient in calcium. Left: right comparisons were used to assess the bone loss over a six-week period due to 1) calcium insufficiency, 2) calcium insufficiency plus disuse, and 3) calcium insufficiency and disuse interrupted by a short daily period of intermittent loading applied from an external device. Calcium insufficiency alone in the intact ulna resulted in a 15% reduction in cross-sectional area. In the functionally deprived bones this loss was increased to 32%. In bones where the disuse was interrupted by a single short daily period of loading, the degree of bone loss was significantly modified (P<0.006) to 25%. No significant difference in the modulating effect of loading was achieved by varying the peak strain from 0.0015 to 0.003, the strain rate from 0.01 to 0.05, or the duration of the single loading period from 100 sec per day to 25 minutes. All the loading regimes employed had been demonstrated to be osteogenic in mature male birds on a diet sufficient in calcium.     

Early gastric cancer manifested as brain metastasis: Report of a case

A case of early gastric cancer, limited to submucosal layer, which was manifested as cerebral metastasis is presented herein. A 47-year-old man was admitted to Nagaoka Chuo General Hospital with convulsions and a disturbance in consciousness, where a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a cerebral tumor in the left temporal lobe. The resected tumor was identified as a metastatic adenocarcinoma. Further investigation revealed gastric cancer involving the posterior wall of the cardia. At laparotomy, multiple and small metastases of the liver and a jejunal metastasis were found, and a palliative total gastrectomy was performed. The surgical specimen revealed a protruding, poorly differentiated medullary adenocarcinoma, with invasion of the submucosal layer. The patient died 4 months after undergoing the laparotomy. This case report is presented to make clinicians aware of the possibility that early gastric cancers may present as brain metastasis.     

Correlation between the induction of an immediate early gene, zif/268, and long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus.

Expression of the immediate early gene zif/268 (also termed NGFI-A, Krox 24, TIS8 and Egr-1) was investigated in awake rats following various long-term potentiation (LTP) induction protocols.zif/268 mRNA (Northern blots) and protein (immunohistochemistry) levels sharply increased following LTP, and followed a time course characteristic of other immediate early genes. When measured across 3 tetanization protocols known to produce differing degrees of LTP persistence,zif/268 induction was found to be more highly correlated with LTP duration than with the magnitude of initial LTP. These data support the hypothesis that the immediate early gene zif/268 plays a role as a third messenger in the cascade of cellular and nuclear events that govern the persistence of LTP.     

应用聚合酶链式反应快速检测嗜肺军团杆菌

嗜肺军团杆菌(LP)所引起的肺炎病死率高,易暴发流行,早期病原诊断困难。本研究应用聚合酶链式反应技术对嗜肺军团杆菌血清1、3、5型中巨噬细胞感染潜能基因(mip基因)的部分编码区域进行特异性扩增,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳、溴乙锭染色检测扩增产物。结果3型LP均出现650bp特异性阳性条带。检测灵敏度为80ng,本研究结果对嗜肺军团杆菌肺炎的早期诊断、及时治疗、降低病死率及控制暴发流行有重要意义。     

应用酶联免疫吸附实验测定流行性出血热早期患者尿内抗原的研究

本文首次报道应用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA),测定流行性出血热(EHF)患者尿中抗原,进行早期诊断,取得满意结果,本法系应用免疫的特异性和酶的高效能催化的敏感性相结合的一种方法,因而特异性强、灵敏度高。研究结果表明,7病日内阳性率较高,为93.89%;2病日内阳性率更高,为100%,故有早期诊断价值,本文用阻断实验证实尿中具有特异性抗原。此外,以正常人和其它疾病患者作对照,结果为阴性,证明本法特异性高。本法标本系用尿液,容易收集,方法简便,结果易判断,易于推广应用。     

阴茎折断临床分析

目的 探讨阴茎折断伤的病因和诊治。方法 对2l例阴茎折断伤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 致伤原因以粗暴性交13例，手淫5例，跌伤、撞击伤各l例，拒绝说明原因l例。B超确诊12例，阴茎海绵体造影确诊l例。12h内手术13例，超过12h手术3例，保守治疗5例。12h内手术组有2例发生阴茎白膜硬结，术后性功能正常；超过12h手术组和保守治疗组各有l例和2例并发阴茎硬结、阴茎成角畸形和勃起功能障碍。结论 阴茎折断致伤原因以粗暴性交和手淫为主；B超检查是诊断阴茎折断首选方法；早期手术能减少其并发症的发生；术中采用纵行小切口容易准确找到白膜破裂位置，且创伤小，适于临床应用。     

寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤的早期处理

目的　探讨寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤伤情特点与早期救治方法。方法　对 1991年 1月— 2 0 0 2年 12月间 40例火器伤病人的临床救治进行回顾分析。结果　 2 4例枪伤中 ,2 0例一期缝合伤口 ,均一期愈合 ,另外 4例只清创未一期缝合的伤口 ,3例愈合 ,1例感染 ;4例骨折内固定均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。 16例炸伤病人局部软组织损伤及污染比枪弹伤重 ,14例一期缝合伤口中 ,10例一期愈合 ,4例感染 ,骨折内固定 2例 ,均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。结论　寒冷干燥地区火器伤早期伤道清创时限可适当延长 ,在平时火器伤的救治中 ,对软组织条件较好的创面 ,早期清创后可一期闭合伤口和骨折内固定 ,这样可减少感染和伤残 ,促进康复