Prevalence estimation and familial tendency of common forefoot deformities in Turkey: A survey of 2662 adults

Objective

This survey was designed to evaluate the prevalence estimations of HV, bunionette, hammertoe as well as their relations to shoe wearing and also familial tendency, in Turkey.

单侧唇腭裂继发鼻畸形整复术围手术期护理

Ⅲ°唇腭裂患儿一般都伴有不同程度的鼻部畸形,使用简单的方法难达到满意的效果。唇裂鼻畸形特征多样,主要是鼻软骨支架错位所致。2005年7月—2008年7月,本科采用自体肋软骨移植修复78例唇腭裂继发鼻畸形患者,取得较好效果,现将围手术期护理方法总结如下。     

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提要：骨性错牙合畸形需要正畸矫治或者正颌外科联合治疗是毋庸置疑的。某种程度上,颌面外科医生往往认为正颌外科手段是不可或缺的。但是,许多骨性错牙合畸形患者仅凭正畸治疗就获得了可以接受的咬合关系。何种选择是最佳的诊疗方式？其评价标准、优先路径和风险控制是什么呢？特别是边缘性骨性畸形病例,这些均值得深入探讨。本文将在以下几个方面进行简要探讨：正畸与正颌医生的诊疗观念分歧,术前三维诊疗计划的拟定,联合治疗的优先路径遴选,联合治疗中相应合作环节,牵张成骨术（DO）等新进展与早期介入,术后复发认识和术前疗效预测等。事实上,正畸-正颌联合诊疗的范畴相当广泛,无论是否接受正颌手术,知情同意和相关风险告知是必要的,双方紧密合作、支持对于骨性错牙合畸形矫治成功至关重要。     

The association between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities

Background:

Blood group is a genetic characteristic which is associated with some diseases and deformities. Multifactorial characteristics of facial development make it difficult to predict a genetic pattern in a specific maxillofacial deformity, but epidemiological evaluations can reveal relationships between such deformities and some genetic characteristics or accompanied diseases, and this will help to recognise and treat them. The aim of this study is evaluation of the relationship between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, blood groups of 190 patients with maxillofacial deformities who had had orthognathic surgery in Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, were compared with the general Iranian population.

Results:

Among 190 patients, 93 cases (49%) were men and 97 cases (51%) were women. Fifteen cases (8%) were < 20 years old, 130 cases (68%) were 20–30 years old, and the others (45 cases, 24%) were > 30 years old. The blood group distribution in our samples was as follows: blood group O = 76 cases (40%), blood group A = 58 cases (30%), blood group B = 41 cases (22%), and blood group AB = 15 cases (8%). Among these patients, 31 cases (16%) had maxillary deformities and 27 cases (14%) suffered from mandibular deformities while the other 132 cases (70%) had bimaxillary problems. The Chi-square test showed statistically significant differences between the blood group distribution of the patients of this study and the normal Iranian population (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

It was shown that among different blood groups; those with blood group B have a greater likelihood of association with maxillofacial deformities. On the other hand, the probability of the association of such deformities was the least with blood group A.     

Surgical cutting guide and single plate fixation for intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy

With the advancement of digital technology over the last few decades, the use of virtual surgical planning and fabrication of surgical guides have tremendously improved the outcomes of various maxillofacial surgical procedures. The intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) is an orthognathic surgical procedure largely employed for mandibular setback in correcting dentofacial deformities. This study describes the design and application of a surgical cutting guide for IVRO. The guide can also be used to facilitate the placement of miniplate fixation. The initial experience at the authors’ centre suggests that the guide has allowed the osteotomy to be performed with increased precision and confidence. Furthermore, the use of miniplate fixation decreased the period of maxillomandibular fixation. However, a larger series is required to evaluate the utility of this system more thoroughly.     

鼻翼软骨肌肉环的修复在唇裂鼻畸形中的作用

目的分析唇裂鼻畸形发生的病理解剖学基础,探索更加符合解剖特点的唇裂鼻畸形矫正方法。方法对30具成人尸体、1具单侧唇裂胎儿标本行大体解剖,并结合临床102例唇裂鼻畸形患者的术中所见,进行比较解剖研究。结果正常人外鼻下端存在由鼻肌翼部、鼻肌中隔部与鼻翼软骨形成的环状结构,而唇裂患者的这个环状结构发育不良。据此设计了旨在修复鼻翼软骨环的手术方法,临床应用102例,效果良好。结论鼻翼软骨肌肉环是外鼻下端重要的解剖结构。唇裂患者因鼻翼软骨肌肉环发育不良,进而导致了鼻部肌力的失衡。因此,唇裂鼻畸形矫正中修复鼻翼软骨环状结构具有重要意义。     

三维超声诊断胎儿手畸形1例

孕妇．30岁．孕1产0,妊娠29^＋周行产前胎儿系统畸形筛查。二维超声所见：胎儿双顶径8．3cm,股骨长6．2cm．羊水深度4．2cm．双上肢肱骨、尺骨、桡骨显示．右手形态未见确切异常．左手较右手小且掌骨及指骨显示不清．考虑左手异常（图1）。三维超声表面成像模式所见：胎儿左前臂远端仅见数个点状突起．而无正常的手掌结构（图2）。产前超声诊断：     

Use of the Pitanguy Large Flap Demarcator in Thigh Dermolipectomy with a Medioanterior Scar Extension

BACKGROUND: Thigh dermolipectomy is one the most challenging procedures for the treatment of postobesity deformities. Excessive tissue on the medial portion of the thigh is associated with the poor results of the classic approach. Recently, different techniques have been proposed with the goal of improving the results. The current study presents an alternative technique for thigh dermolipectomy using the Pitanguy flap demarcator with a medioanterior scar extension. METHODS: From January 2002 to July 2005, the authors prospectively followed up patients undergoing thigh dermolipectomy using the Pitanguy flap demarcator for marking resection areas and the medioanterior scar extension. RESULTS: Eight patients ranging in age from 30 to 54 years and with a weight loss of 30 to 59 kg were submitted to the medioanterior extension thigh dermolipectomy. All the patients displayed important soft tissue laxity and redundancy at the lower limbs. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 5 to 40 months. The results attained were considered satisfactory, and few complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The poor results of previous procedures were disappointing to many patients and discouraged many others from undergoing thigh dermolipectomy. Using the Pitanguy flap demarcator for markings and the medioanterior scar extension, satisfactory results were increasingly common, and a growing number of patients may be encouraged to undergo thigh dermolipectomy procedures.