社区劳务工人牙周健康的循证口腔护理研究

目的:探讨循证口腔护理模式对劳务工人群牙周健康的干预作用。方法:选择口腔疾病劳务工患者60例,根据循证护理原则制定口腔健康教育方案。分别于干预前及干预后6个月采用自行设计问卷调查其口腔健康知识知晓率和保健行为正确率,于干预前和干预后第1、3、6个月测定患者口腔菌斑指数。结果:干预后患者各项口腔知识知晓率和口腔保健行为正确率均较干预前明显提高(P <0.01);干预后第1、3、6个月,患者口腔菌斑指数均明显低于干预前(P <0.01)。结论:循证口腔护理能够有效提高社区劳务工口腔保健知识,改善口腔保健行为,降低菌斑指数,有助口腔疾病预防和牙周保健,值得推广。     

不同保湿预处理法对口腔器械清洗灭菌效果的影响

目的 探究不同保湿预处理方法对口腔器械的清洗灭菌效果。方法 选择2019年11月—2020年11月本院口腔诊疗器械反光镜、牙钻手机、止血钳等共560件,随机分为观察组和对照组各280件,对照组进行无菌水擦拭,观察组在无菌水擦拭的基础上使用泡沫酶保湿剂,两组均保存于密闭容器中。集中由清洗消毒中心统一清洗消毒后,对两组常规检测结果、隐血残留检测结果、蛋白检测及三磷酸腺苷（ATP）检测结果进行对比。结果 两组经肉眼检查合格率观察组为100%,对照组为98.93%,经放大镜检查口腔器械合格率观察组为99.29%,对照组为98.57%,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;观察组器械总隐血阳性率明显低于对照组（P <0.05）,器械表面的蛋白检测合格率为、ATP检测合格率均明显高于对照组（P <0.05）。结论 经无菌水擦拭联合泡沫酶保湿的预处理降低了口腔器械的隐血阳性率,提高表面蛋白检测及ATP检测的合格率,有效清除有机物残留,为后续清洗灭菌起到积极的作用。     

Electrical Potentiometry with Intraoral Applications

Dental implants currently in use are mainly made of titanium or titanium alloys. As these metallic elements are immersed in an electrolytic medium, galvanic currents are produced between them or with other metals present in the mouth. These bimetallic currents have three potentially harmful effects on the patient: micro-discharges, corrosion, and finally, the dispersion of metal ions or their oxides, all of which have been extensively demonstrated in vitro. In this original work, a system for measuring the potentials generated in vivo is developed. Specifically, it is an electrogalvanic measurements system coupled with a periodontal probe that allows measurement of the potentials in the peri-implant sulcus. This device was tested and verified in vitro to guarantee its applicability in vivo. As a conclusion, this system is able to detect galvanic currents in vitro and it can be considered capable of being employed in vivo, so to assess the effects they may cause on dental implants.     

CCN2 对人牙髓干细胞增殖及分化的影响

目的探讨CCN2对体外培养的人牙髓干细胞增殖、分化的影响。方法收集在延安大学附属医院口腔修复科因正畸或阻生而拔除的牙齿,酶消化法获得人牙髓干细胞,光镜下进行形态学观察,免疫荧光法检测细胞表面标志蛋白的表达。取对数生长期牙髓干细胞,加入不同浓度的CCN2将其分为CCN26．25、12．5、25、50、100μg/L组,同时设置阴性对照组;采用噻唑蓝（MTr）法检测CCN2对牙髓干细胞增殖作用的影响,通过碱性磷酸酶及Western blot检测CCN2对牙髓干细胞分化的影响。结果人牙髓干细胞呈集落状生长,免疫荧光法检测STRO-1呈阳性表达,CCN26．25、12．5、25、50、100μg／L组OD值分别为（0．78±0．05）、（0．91±0．03）、（1．23±0．09）、（1．57±0．11）、（1．61±0．15）,均高于对照组（0．51±0．02）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;细胞增殖实验表明,CCN2可显著促进牙髓干细胞的增殖;此外,CCN2可促进牙髓干细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性,并呈现浓度依赖关系,CCN26．25、12．5、25、50、100μg/L组OD值分别为（0．32±0．04）、（0．43±0．04）、（0．61±0．03）、（0．79±0．06）及（0．81±0．07）,与对照组（0．19±0．03）比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;Western blot结果表明。CCN2可诱导牙本质细胞特异性标志蛋白的表达。结论CCN2可促进牙髓干细胞向成牙本质细胞的分化。     

MICROCRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE STUDY DEMINERALIZATION AND REMINERALIZATION OF THE ARTIFICIAL CARIES OF HUMAN TOOTH ENAMEL

Microcrystalline structure changes of teeth enamel crystals during the artificial caries and synthetic saliva reminerlization were reported. Enamel samples were thinned by argon-ion-milling and examined by high-resolution transmitting electron microscope. The results revealed that the lattice dissolution of enamel hydroxyapatite started from central parts and grain boundaries of crystals, the former were often parallel to (1010) plane and advancing along the [0001] zone axis of crystals. The results also shown that synthetic saliva may reduce the quantity of bright contrast spots in lattice image for artificial carious crystals. In addition, some defects such as dislocations were found in grains, and they are believed to be related to the dissolution of lattice. Three kinds of structural weak sites revealed in crystals, i. e. (1)dislocations, (2) vacancies or impurities, and (3) grain boundaries.     

多排螺旋CT在颌骨非安全区及牙槽骨缺损区牙种植术前的应用

目的探讨在牙种植术前应用多排螺旋CT对拟种植区域牙槽骨形态和质地评估的意义。方法在牙种植术前通过普通牙片及颌骨全景片筛选出17例不能明确牙槽骨的条件能否接受种植的患者,取牙模型,在拟种植区制作带有钛管的放射导板,戴入患者口腔,进行颌骨多排螺旋CT扫描,通过三维重建图像测量牙槽突的高度、宽度和密度,判断是否具备种植条件,对于符合种植条件者采用ITI种植系统进行牙种植术。结果15例患者成功接受牙种植治疗,2例分别因牙槽骨宽度不足5.3mm和牙槽嵴顶距上颌窦距离不足3mm被判定其骨组织条件不能直接接受牙种植手术。结论三维重建能为种植术前颌骨非安全区及牙槽骨缺损区提供可靠且较为全面的参考信息。     

Factors Affecting Dental Caries Experience in 12-Year-Olds,Based on Data from Two Polish Provinces

(1) Background: Dental caries is a chronic disease that affects a child’s dentition from the first stages of life. Several factors contribute to the development of the disease, including an improper diet. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify risk factors of dental caries in 12-year-old adolescents from Greater Poland and Lubusz Provinces (Poland). (2) Material and methods: The research was conducted in adolescents from five primary schools. A questionnaire consisted of close-ended questions on socioeconomic characteristics on family, diet, and oral hygiene habits. An assessment of the dentition was carried out in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. In addition to cavitated carious lesions, incipient caries lesions were noted according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System, adapted for epidemiological studies (ICDASepiDMFt). (3) Results: The mean number of teeth with untreated caries; removed due to caries; and restored because of caries (DMFt) was 1.52 ± 1.90, while the ICDASepiDMFt index amounted to 2.64 ± 2.55, respectively. Children who did not brush every day had significantly higher odds of having ICDASepiDMFt > 0 than children brushing at least once daily (OR = 10.32, 95% CI = 1.36–78.32, p = 0.0240). Adolescents who drank sweet carbonated drinks every day had significantly higher ICDASepiDMTt than children who drank sweet carbonated drinks less frequently (p = 0.0477). (4) Conclusions: The research revealed that dental caries indices of 12-year-old adolescents from Greater Poland and Lubusz Provinces depend mainly on oral hygiene behaviors. The only significant nutritional factor that differentiated the caries intensity was the daily consumption of sweet carbonated drinks.     

安氏Ⅱ类人群下颌侧方(牙合)干扰的情况分析

目的研究安氏II1类人群在下颌左右侧方运动过程中的接触情况,探讨侧方干扰情况的存在与否及其与牙颌颅面形态之间的关系。方法对60名未经过正畸治疗的安氏II1类受试者进行检查,采用T-ScanII咬合分析系统记录并分析其侧方运动中的接触情况,在模型及头颅侧位片上分析牙颌颅面的形态,利用SPSS12.0对数据进行分析。结果双侧侧方干扰和无侧方干扰在A-ptm、U1-SN、上下前段牙弓的长度、磨牙近远中向指数上存在差异。结论上颌骨长度与侧方干扰的发生呈负相关,较小的A-ptm是干扰发生的危险因素;磨牙尖对尖关系较完全远中关系更容易发生侧方干扰。     

数字化口腔种植外科导板的精确度研究

目的 本研究通过分析种植体术前设计和术后的三维位置,来评估数字化口腔种植导板的精确度.方法 根据修复体的生物学功能和美学要求,使用3D种植软件对种植体位置进行设计.将设计的种植导板转化为手术用种植导板,指导47颗种植体植入合适位置.通过重叠术前和术后的CT扫描图像,分析植体肩部和根部的线性误差以及植体长轴的角度误差,比...     

A simple approach to blood gas analysis: the essentials

ABSTRACT

Blood gas analysis allows you to assess a patient's acid-base status as well as important aspects of respiratory function. Understanding the results might seem challenging initially, but the information can often be lifesaving if properly interpreted. One common cause of misunderstanding is the vague use of terminology, which this article aims to clarify. Portable and bench-top analysers are becoming more common in veterinary practice so it is even more important that RVNs know how to interpret the results.