电化学酶联免疫分析法测定人牙本质涎磷蛋白的研究

目的探讨电化学酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)测定牙本质涎磷蛋白(DSPP)的可行性。方法选取牙本质涎磷蛋白标准品以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)为标记酶、邻联茴香胺(ODA)为酶催化反应的底物,分别用电化学ELISA法及传统光学ELISA法检测酶催化产物。对比两种检测方法对DSPP检测的线性范围及检测限的差异。结果用电化学ELISA法检测酶催化产物,产物在-0.63 V(vs.Ag/AgCl)有一个灵敏的还原峰,进而可以用于游离HRP的检测,其线性范围为0.04～1.0 ng/mL,检测限为0.01 ng/mL。应用于DSPP标准品的检测,线性范围为2.5～200.0 pg/mL,检出限为2.5 pg/mL,灵敏度显著高于传统光度ELISA检测法。结论电化学ELISA法可以作为检测痕量DSPP的一个新方法。     

髁突骨折术后并发症的病因及防治分析

目的:探讨髁突骨折术后并发症的病因及防治方法。方法:对我科自2000-08月—2011-08月手术治疗的125例髁突骨折患者术后并发症情况进行回顾性总结分析。结果:123例患者的伤口在术后7~10 d均I期愈合,另2例出现腺瘘延期愈合。有面神经损伤12例(包括额纹消失3例,眼睑闭合不全5例,口角下垂4例),2例诉颞下颌关节区疼痛伴弹响及压痛,3例有张口受限,4例上下颌牙齿接触不良,6例切口瘢痕明显。以上情况均经对症处理后缓解。经分析,出现以上并发症可能与手术切口不当、术中钛板放置位置欠佳及术后功能锻炼不足等有关。结论:为防止髁突骨折术后并发症的发生,应注意手术切口的合理设计、术中钛板的恰当放置、术后加强功能锻炼。     

Improving oral rehabilitation through the preservation of the tissues through alveolar preservation

When performing a tooth extraction, imminent collapse of the tissue by resorption and remodeling of the socket is a natural occurrence. The procedure for the preservation of the alveolar ridge has been widely described in the dental literatures and aims to maintain hard and soft tissues in the extraction site for optimal rehabilitation either with conventional fixed or removable prosthetics or implant-supported prosthesis.     

基质金属蛋白酶-9基因与牙周病的相关性研究进展

MMP-9即基质金属蛋白酶-9,在人体多种组织均有表达。编码该蛋白酶的基因称MMP-9基因,该基因不仅在决定个体对某些疾病的易感性上起重要作用,而且其表达与某些疾病的发生、发展密切相关。牙周病为发生在牙周支持组织（牙龈、牙周膜、牙槽骨、牙骨质）的疾病。近年研究发现MMP-9基因表达及单核苷酸多态性（SNP）在牙周病发病机制中起到重要作用。     

Curcumin inhibits inflammatory response and bone loss during experimental periodontitis in rats

Abstract

Objective. Curcumin, an active ingredient of turmeric, is proved to be a potential candidate of controlling inflammation and bone resorption, but few reports are on the periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the intra-gastric administration of curcumin could inhibit the in?ammation and alveolar bone resorption in rats following ligature-induced experimental periodontitis. Materials and method. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: no ligature placement and administration of vehicle, ligature placement and administration of vehicle, ligature placement and administration of curcumin. After the animals were sacrificed, their mandibles were collected for morphological, histological and immunohistochemical analysis; their gingival tissues were collected for cytokine measurements. Results. Bone resorption was significantly higher in the experimental periodontitis animals treated with vehicle compared with the curcumin-treated group or the control group. Furthermore, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels were higher in the experimental periodontitis animals treated with vehicle compared with the curcumin treated group or the control group. Conclusions. Curcumin may decrease alveolar bone loss in the experimental periodontitis rats via suppressing the expression of RANKL/RANK/OPG and its anti-inflammatory properties.     

Assessing bone's adaptive capacity around dental implants: A literature review

BackgroundIncreased stress (force) on prostheses induces strain (deformation) in the peri-implant bone. Elevated stress and strain could result in the failure of implants that support prostheses. However, the survival rate of implants supporting prostheses under increased stress is high. Either the bone is stronger than expected or it adapts to increased stress. Concepts regarding bone’s adaptive capacity continue to evolve and are the focus of this literature review.Types of Studies ReviewedThe authors searched the literature to find studies that addressed the bone’s capacity to adjust to increased stress and strain. They assessed experimental and clinical trials in which investigators monitored healing after placement of dental implants.ResultsThe data indicate that forces greater than the bone’s adaptive ability can induce loss of osseointegration, as well as osseous resorption. In contrast, it is possible that increased stress on prostheses initiates a reparative process, thereby facilitating retention of implants experiencing increased stress. Numerous lines of evidence support the concept that bone can modify itself to withstand increased mechanical forces.Practical ImplicationsThe authors provide an explanation for the high success rate of prostheses and implants in bone that are exposed to increased stress and strain.     

A premaxilla with a supernumerary tooth indicating a developmental region with a variety of dental abnormalities: a report of nine cases

The aim of this study was to elucidate whether a premaxilla with a supernumerary tooth has additional dental abnormalities. The study does not include premaxillas with a mesiodens, only premaxillas with parasagittally located supernumerary teeth. Radiographs from eight children, followed from 1 year and 5 months to 11 years and 5 months in the municipal dental health service in Denmark, were analyzed. One patient was seen only once. Dental abnormalities recorded included: invaginations on permanent incisors, resorption of roots of incisors, curved roots of incisors, delayed eruption, and delayed formation of roots. The study shows that there are dental abnormalities within the premaxillary region where the supernumerary tooth is located. This indicates that, apart from the supernumerary tooth, a more widespread deviation from normal conditions including tooth malformation, arrested eruption, and root resorption occur within the premaxillary region. The most important outcome of this study is that in the region with a supernumerary tooth the adjacent incisor shows delayed eruption after surgical removal of the supernumerary tooth. The deviations in root morphology, including root resorption, are not limited to patients who have had orthodontic treatment, but patients who did not receive orthodontic treatment also revealed deviations in root morphology. Therefore the treatment outcome can be different from the expected outcome.     

Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography

Objective:To determine the frequency of apical root resorption (ARR) due to orthodontic treatment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a sample of 1256 roots from 30 patients.Materials and Methods:All patients had Class I malocclusion with crowding. Of the 30 patients evaluated, 11 were boys and 19 were girls; their mean age was 13 years (11 to 16 years). Orthodontic treatment followed the nonextraction treatment. CBCT images were obtained before and after orthodontic treatment, and ARR was determined using Axial Guided Navigation of CBCT images.Results:All patients had ARR. No statistically significant association was found between resorption frequency, gender, and age. ARR was detected using CBCT in 46% of all roots that underwent orthodontic treatment.Conclusions:CBCT was effective for detecting in vivo even minimal degrees of ARR due to orthodontic treatment and allowed three-dimensional evaluation of dental roots and visualization of palatine roots of maxillary molars. The highest frequencies and the most significant ARR occurred in incisors and distal roots of first maxillary and mandibular molars.     

翼外肌在髁突矢状骨折愈合过程中对髁突形态改建影响的组织学研究

目的探讨翼外肌在髁突矢状骨折愈合过程中对髁突形态改建所起的作用。方法选择24只1岁龄成年绵羊,随机分成2组。采用截骨术造成动物右侧髁突矢状骨折,剪断关节盘前后附着并将其推向内侧。组A保留翼外肌在髁突内极的附着,保留其功能。组B在术中切断翼外肌在髁突内极的附着,阻断其功能。术后2、4、12、24周,分别处死动物,并分离完整的颞下颌关节(TMJ)大体下观察,按TMJ矢状方向分成内中外各1/3固定,HE染色和丽春红三色染色。结果组A即保留翼外肌功能组,较组B髁突有更多新骨形成,髁突形态改变更严重。结论翼外肌在髁突矢状骨折愈合过程中对髁突形态改建的影响起到非常重要作用,致更多新骨形成,甚至发生关节强直。