Masticatory function and bite force of mandibular single-implant overdentures and complete dentures: a randomized crossover control study

PurposeThe study aimed to compare the mixing ability (MA), comminuting ability (CA), and maximum bite force (MBF) of single-implant overdentures (IODs) and clinically acceptable complete dentures (CDs) through a randomized crossover control trial.MethodsNew CDs were fabricated for 22 patients. One implant was inserted in the middle of the symphyseal region for each patient. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group IC received an IOD, whereas group CI received a CD, for 2 months; the treatments were interchanged for the next 2 months. The MA, CA, and MBF were evaluated with the old CDs, new CDs (at the end of CD treatment period), and IODs (at the end of IOD treatment period).ResultsThe MA, CA, and MBF of the IODs were significantly higher than those of the old and new CDs (p < 0.01). New CDs only showed a significant improvement in MA (p < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in CA and MBF between the old and new CDs.ConclusionsCompared with the CD, IOD is more effective in restoring the MA, CA, and MBF of edentulous mandibles.     

Anterior and posterior neck muscle activation during a variety of biting tasks

Bruxism may be involved in the aetiology of myofascial neck pain. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that anterior and posterior neck muscles co-contract during jaw clenching. Ten test subjects developed different feedback-controlled submaximum bite forces in a variety of bite-force directions by means of bite-force transducers. The electromyographic activity of the sternocleidomastoid and supra/infrahyoidal muscles, and of the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, and multifidi muscles was recorded by use of surface electrodes and intramuscular wire electrodes, respectively. For normalization of electromyography data, maximum voluntary contraction tasks of the neck muscles were conducted in eight different loading directions. The results confirmed co-contraction of the neck muscles in the range of 2-14% of the maximum voluntary contraction at a bite force ranging from 50 to 300 N. Significant activity differences were observed as a result of the different force levels and force directions exerted by the jaw muscles. Long-lasting tonic activation of specific neck muscles triggered by the jaw-clenching tasks was also detected. These findings support the assumption of a relationship between jaw clenching and the activity of the neck muscles investigated. The low level of co-contraction activity, however, requires further study to elucidate possible pathophysiological interactions at the level of single motor units.     

心理干预在下颌升支矢状劈开截骨术后肌功能康复训练中的作用

目的:探讨心理干预在下颌升支矢状劈开截骨术(sagittal split ramus osteotomy,SSRO)矫治下颌前突畸形术后肌功能康复训练中的作用。方法:60例接受下颌升支矢状劈开术的患者随机分为实验组和对照组,2组均接受系统治疗和肌功能康复训练,实验组在此基础上增加心理干预,测量术前、术后2、4周的张口度;术前、术后4、8周的焦虑自评评分和力。结果:实验组术后4周时张口度已接近术前水平,术后8周时力接近术前水平,焦虑情绪改善,实验组各方面参数相比对照组都有明显提高。结论:系统地心理干预能有效地提高患者健康知识水平,改善认知态度,使焦虑情绪得以改善,医患配合度提高,从而提高治疗有效率。     

Moebius综合征患者牙颌面特征及正颌正畸治疗远期疗效评价

目的:评价正颌正畸联合治疗Moebius综合征患者的牙颌畸形的远期疗效。方法:Moebius综合征患者3例,经正颌正畸联合会诊制订治疗计划,按照术前正畸、正颌手术、术后正畸的联合治疗模式进行系统治疗,随访1～6a。结果:Moebius综合征患者的牙颌特征主要表现为严重的骨性开畸形。对于牙颌畸形的治疗,主要是通过正颌正畸联合治疗进行矫正,但由于升颌肌群功能障碍,开矫正的复发倾向比较明显,需要术后密切随访治疗。结论:正颌正畸联合治疗能够矫正Moebius综合征患者严重的骨性开畸形,正颌手术后的长期随访对防止开的复发具有重要意义。     

A novel mutation in CDKN1C in sibs with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome and cleft palate,sensorineural hearing loss,and supernumerary flexion creases

We report on two daughters and a son of a Thai family who were affected with BWS. Their clinical findings consist of cleft palate, omphalocele, anterior ear creases, indented lesions on the posterior rim of the helix, macroglossia, posterior crossbite, and anterior open bite. The younger daughter and son had newly recognized findings of the BWS including sensorineural hearing loss and supernumerary flexion creases of the fingers. A novel mutation in CDKN1C (c.579delT; p.A193AfsX46) was found in all affected individuals and their mother. This mutation is located in the central highly polymorphic hexanucleotide repeat encoding a proline‐alanine series of repeats (PAPA‐domain). This domain is involved in MAP kinase phosphorylation. This is for the first time that sensorineural hearing loss and supernumerary flexion creases of the fingers are associated with mutation in CDKN1C. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

光棒引导经鼻插管在张口困难患者中临床应用

目的:探讨光棒引导经鼻气管插管在张口困难患者中应用的可行性.方法:选择82例口腔颌面外科张口困难(张口度＜2.5 cm)患者,在快诱导麻醉下由光棒引导经鼻气管插管.记录患者麻醉诱导前后、插管过程中和插管后的SBP、DBP和HR.记录插管成功时的插管次数、插管时间及术后24 h并发症发生率.结果:82例患者中,53例(64.6％)一次性插管成功,29例(35.4％)经2～3次插管成功.插管操作时间(75.4-±26.4)s.与诱导前相比,插管时的BP和HR差异无显著性.术后随访2例有轻微咽部不适,1例主诉咽喉疼痛.结论:光棒引导经鼻气管插管对血流动力学影响轻微,口咽部损伤小,成功率高,在张口困难患者中值得推广应用.     

锥形束CT诊断颌面部异物1例

<正>张口受限为颌面外科的常见疾患,但颌面部异物引起张口受限多为个案报道[1-3]。准确定位异物位置及其形状大小,是外科手术取出异物,保证手术成功的关键。锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)因其独特的三维成像特点,可以精确定位,更好地引导外科手术的顺利进行[4-6]。现对我院收治的1例颌面部异物引起的张口受限患者的临床资料进行报道,并结合文献回顾对CBCT在颌面异物诊断中的应用价值进行讨论。     

负压引流和内口修补术治疗肛周脓肿的疗效分析

为观察负压引流对促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的疗效。将100例肛周脓肿患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组50例,治疗组采用一期肛周脓肿戳洞负压引流和内口修补术治疗,对照组采用肛周脓肿常规一期根治术治疗。观察两组术后创面愈合时间、肛门疼痛评分及术后复发评分。结果显示,治疗组在创面愈合时间、术后疼痛评分及术后6个月复发评分方面均优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结果表明,戳洞负压引流和内口修补术能显著缩短肛周脓肿术后创面愈合时间,并减轻术后疼痛,降低复发率。     

前牙、双尖牙唇（颊）侧面开髓位置的临床研究

目的：了解前牙、双尖牙唇（颊）侧面开髓位置的临床应用的效果.方法：对264例前牙、双尖牙因楔形缺损或唇（颊）龋病并发牙髓炎、尖周炎的患者分为两组,试验组采用唇（颊）侧面位置进行开髓;对照组用传统方式（即舌或牙合面）开髓方法.结果：试验组,抗剪切力大,牙体不易劈折,成功率97.05％,对照组成功率30.40％ （P＜0.05）.结论：前牙、双尖牙唇（颊）侧面开髓位置只是一种针对前牙、双尖牙唇、颊面牙颈部深龋或楔形缺损引起牙髓及根尖感染、需要根管治疗的改进一种新开髓位置的方法,但不适应上颌第一双尖牙.     

持续封闭负压引流结合三棱针多点打孔对蝮蛇咬伤的治疗效果观察

目的：观察腹蛇咬伤后咬伤部位早期持续封闭负压引流（VSD）结合三棱针打孔法治疗的效果.方法：根据患者中毒时间、病情严重程度采用配伍设计,选取2012年7-8月份我院接诊手部腹蛇咬伤肿胀患者40例,随机分为A组（切开引流组,10例,在咬伤部位行＂＋＂字形切开至皮下层）、B组（切开引流＋VSD组,10例,伤口＂＋＂字形切开,然后行持续VSD）、C组（单纯三棱针打孔组,10例,在咬伤伤口周围用三棱针多点打孔20～30个）和D组（三棱针打孔＋VSD组,10例,在咬伤伤口周围用三棱针多点打孔20～30个,然后行持续VSD）.入院后同时给予抗腹蛇毒血清、抗感染及中医中药等治疗.观察患者患肢肿胀消退时间、伤口部位感染、脓肿、坏死发生率及住院时间.结果：①各组间患肢肿胀消退时间差异显著,D组明显低于A、B、C组[（2.1±1.5）d比（5.0±2.7）d,（3.4±1.7）d,（3.1±3.0）d;P〈0.05];②B、D组无一例出现伤口部位感染、脓肿形成及坏死,与A、C组（20%和40%）比较差异显著（P〈0.05）.③各组间伤口愈合时间及住院时间差异显著,D组均明显低于A、B、C组[（3.5±1.5）d比（7.5±2.5）d,（5.3±1.3）d,（4.7±1.3）d; P〈0.05].结论：腹蛇咬伤后咬伤部位早期三棱针打孔法结合持续VSD可显著缩短患者患肢肿胀消退时间及住院时间.