骶髂关节错位的手法治疗

骶髂关节是骶骨和髂骨耳状面相互交错嵌插的滑膜关节,是组成骨盆的重要关节。骶骨关节面为凹面,髂骨关节面呈凸面,关节面上有关节软骨,两侧参差不齐的关节面相互交错,为一微动的关节,一般认为不易发生错位,但是笔者在临床诊疗过程中,发现骶髂关节错位的发病率非常高,是引发腰腿痛的主要原因之一。患者往往以腰椎间盘突出来诊,自诉腰及臀部疼痛或伴有受累侧下肢疼痛麻木,临床上极易误诊为腰椎间盘突出症。如按腰椎间盘突出症治疗,无明显疗效,笔者于2006年1月至2007年12月采用整脊手法治疗骶髂关节错位患者126例,取得满意疗效。     

内镜下腰椎间盘切除并发症的初步分析

通过对应用腰椎间盘镜技术(microendoscopic disectomy,MED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症并发症的分析和与常规开放式手术对比,探讨MED手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的优、缺点.MED手术具有创伤小、手术时间短、术后恢复快、痛苦轻等优点,但并发症较多,需合理的掌握手术指征,不断提高技术技能.     

破裂型椎间盘突出动物模型重吸收过程中自身免疫反应的研究

目的 探讨自身免疫反应在椎间盘突出后重吸收过程中的作用机制.方法 将20只SD雄性大鼠随机分成对照组,实验组.实验组经手术切除尾椎椎间盘,埋植在背部硬膜外.动物30天后处死,取埋植的髓核组织,进行HE染色,流式细胞仪检测.对照组,将线团埋植在硬膜外,30天后处死作对照试验.结果 对照组与实验组突出组织的形态结构与T,B细胞含量有明显差异.结论 破裂型椎间盘突出的髓核组织能够吸引活性的T,B细胞,引发自身免疫反应.     

丹镁合剂对兔腰椎间盘突出症模型动物血清IgG、IgM的影响

目的：探讨丹镁合剂对自身免疫引起的炎症反应的影响。方法：60只日本大耳白兔按照随机数字表法分为空白组（10只）,假手术组（10只）,造模组（40只）。对造模组大耳白兔制造腰椎间盘突出模型,待造模成功后,造模组40只兔子再随机分成4组：模型组（A组,10只）,生理盐水组（B组,10只）,七叶皂甙钠组（C组,10只）,丹镁合剂组（D组,10只）。生理盐水组兔耳静脉给予生理盐水（5ml/kg）;七叶皂甙钠组耳缘静脉给予七叶皂甙钠（0.5mg/kg）;丹镁合剂组耳缘静脉给予丹镁合剂（2.0ml/kg）;共连续给药14d。空白组、假手术组及模型组未予给药。应用ELISA法观察不同药物对免疫反应和炎症反应的影响。结果：模型组IgG、IgM明显高于空白组与假手术组（P〈0.05）;丹镁合剂组血清中IgG、IgM含量明显降低,与七叶皂甙钠组和生理盐水组比较有明显的统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：丹镁合剂可以明显抑制腰椎间盘突出症自身免疫反应,这为临床治疗椎间盘突出症提供了一种新的治疗选择。     

腰椎间盘突出症的经络辨证

从病位与临床表现可见,腰推间盘突出症的证候归属于督脉、足少阳胆经、足太阳膀胱经、足少阴肾经病变,经络辨证分别为属督脉血瘀证、胆经湿热证、膀胱经风寒湿阻证、肾阳亏虚证,临床中可使用经络辨证指导推拿、针灸、内服中药等治疗方法,提高疗效。     

内固定加植骨融合治疗腰椎间盘突出合并腰椎失稳

目的：探讨腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳的手术疗效。方法：自2000年6月至2006年6月,采用后路减压、椎间盘摘除、植骨融合、椎弓根系统内固定手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳46例,男33例,女13例;年龄37～68岁,平均48岁。病程4个月～20年,平均3.5年。单节段21例,双节段22例,3节段3例。结果：46例均获得随访,时间12～45个月,平均25个月。植骨全部愈合,临床症状明显改善,按疗效评定标准：优32例,良8例,可6例,优良率86.9%。结论：对明确诊断存在腰椎不稳合并腰椎间盘突出症的患者,施行髓核摘除、内固定加植骨融合、重建脊柱的稳定性,能获得满意的临床疗效。     

经皮激光腰椎间盘减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术（PLDD）治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果,研究适宜激光照射量。方法使用ND：YAG激光治疗腰椎间盘突出症40例（L4～5椎间盘突出32例,L5～S1和L4～5同时突出8例）,C臂X线机透视下将激光光纤沿穿刺针插入椎间盘髓核中进行汽化,每节激光总量CT分级Ⅰ级为500J,Ⅱ级为700J能量进行汽化,减轻椎间盘内压力。结果椎间盘内压力减低,神经根受压解除,突出的椎间盘组织回缩,采用Machab标准评定疗效：优26例,良6例,可6例,差2例,优良率为80%。结论PLDD是一种安全、简单、有效的治疗椎间盘突出症的微创方法。     

等离子刀颈椎间盘髓核成形术效能及安全研究

目的探讨不同能量颈椎间盘等离子刀髓核成形术（CN）效能及安全性。方法对40个C3～T1羊椎间盘按照不同能量分1档（A组,80W）、2档（B组,100W）、3档（C组,120W）3个实验组,每组10个椎间盘;另设假手术组作为对照组（10个间盘,仅作穿刺）。分别通过相同时间（40s）不同能量组行羊颈椎间盘CN,观察CN在椎间盘所形成的消融腔截面积大小,记录椎间盘前缘、后缘、椎间孔处温度变化并对其进行统计学分析。结果A、B、C组手术消融腔、对照组穿刺腔截面积分别为（3.000±0.449）mm^2、（9.436±1.271）mm^2、（27.359±2.001）mm^2、（2.010±0.000）mm^2,其中B、C档组与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。A、B、C3个实验组、对照组温度分别为：（28.697±1.571）℃、（35.470±0.617）℃、（41.733±0.345）℃、（20.600±0.582）℃,3个实验组温度与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。3种能量手术时,2档温度在安全范围内,3档形成的有效消融腔截面积最大,消融腔、温度与能量成正相关。结论等离子刀髓核成形术的效能、温度变化与能量成正相关,临床使用2档行颈椎间盘CN消融效能和安全性最高。     

Mutation detection in DNA isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and urine: Clinical utility and pitfalls of multiple displacement amplification

This study describes the use of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and/or urine as source of DNA for mutation analysis combined with multiple displacement amplification. The findings illustrate the opportunities and pitfalls of these methods in the search for identification of the pathogenic mutations in the case that only scarce material is available such as CSF.     

Biomechanical characterization of an annulus-sparing spinal disc prosthesis

Background contextCurrent spine arthroplasty devices require disruption of the annulus fibrosus for implantation. Preliminary studies of a unique annulus-sparing intervertebral prosthetic disc (IPD) found that preservation of the annulus resulted in load sharing of the annulus with the prosthesis.PurposeDetermine flexibility of the IPD versus fusion constructs in normal and degenerated human spines.Study design/settingBiomechanical comparison of motion segments in the intact, fusion and mechanical nucleus replacement states for normal and degenerated states.Patient settingThirty lumbar motion segments.Outcomes measuresIntervertebral height; motion segment range of motion, neutral zone, stiffness.MethodsMotion segments had multidirectional flexibility testing to 7.5 Nm for intact discs, discs reconstructed using the IPD (n=12), or after anterior/posterior fusions (n=18). Interbody height and axial compression stiffness changes were determined for the reconstructed discs by applying axial compression to 1,500 N. Analysis included stratifying results to normal mobile versus rigid degenerated intact motion segments.ResultsThe mean interbody height increase was 1.5 mm for IPD reconstructed discs versus 3.0 mm for fused segments. Axial compression stiffness was 3.0±0.9 kN/mm for intact compared with 1.2±0.4 kN/mm for IPD reconstructed segments. Reconstructed disc ROM was 9.0°±3.7° in flexion extension, 10.6°±3.4° in lateral bending, and 2.8°±1.4° in axial torsion that was similar to intact values and significantly greater than respective fusion values (p<.001). Mobile intact segments exhibited significantly greater rotation after fusion versus their more rigid counterparts (p<.05); however, intact motion was not related to motion after IPD reconstruction. The NZ and rotational stiffness followed similar trends. Differences in NZ between mobile and rigid intact specimens tended to decrease in the IPD reconstructed state.ConclusionThe annulus-sparing IPD generally reproduced the intact segment biomechanics in terms of ROM, NZ, and stiffness. Furthermore, the IPD reconstructed discs imparted stability by maintaining a small neutral zone. The IPD reconstructed discs were significantly less rigid than the fusion constructs and may be an attractive alternative for the treatment of degenerative disc disease.