超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定人血浆中沙丁胺醇浓度

目的：建立测定人血浆中沙丁胺醇浓度的超高效液相色谱-质谱联用方法。方法：内标选用沙丁胺醇-d9,以甲醇沉淀血浆中蛋白,取上清液吹干复溶;采用Welch Ultimate XS-C₁₈色谱柱（3.0 mm×100 mm,3 μm）,预柱选用Welch Ultimate XB-C₁₈柱（2.1 mm×5 mm,5 μm）,以含0.1%甲酸5 mmol·L^-1乙酸铵的5%乙腈和纯乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱;应用电喷雾离子化,正离子模式下进行多反应监测沙丁胺醇（m/z 240.2→m/z 147.9）和内标沙丁胺醇-d9（m/z 249.1→m/z 149.1）的浓度。结果：沙丁胺醇的线性范围为5~2 000 pg·mL^-1,定量下限为5 pg·mL^-1,日内、日间准确度为101.93%~109.03%,精密度RSD为1.45%~8.50%。结论：本方法简便、准确、灵敏、稳健且经济,适用于硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入气雾剂的临床药动学研究和生物等效性评价。     

HPLC-CAD法测定人工牛黄及其制剂小儿氨酚黄那敏颗粒中胆酸和猪去氧胆酸的含量

摘 要 目的：建立高效液相色谱 电喷雾检测法测定人工牛黄及其制剂小儿氨酚黄那敏颗粒中胆酸和猪去氧胆酸的含量。 方法: 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Kromasil C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为甲醇 1%冰醋酸水溶液（体积比70∶30）,流速为1.0 ml·min-1;检测器为电喷雾检测器,雾化器温度为40 ℃,采集频率为10 Hz,滤光片为10 s,进样量为20 μl。 结果: 胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的线性范围分别为6.38~114.80 μg·ml-1、6.64~119.50 μg·ml-1（r＞0.999 2）。平均回收率为99.7%,99.8%,RSD分别为1.92%,1.95%（n=9）。结论: 本方法简便、准确、可靠,适用人工牛黄及其制剂小儿氨酚黄那敏颗粒中胆酸和猪去氧胆酸的含量测定。     

氧气驱动肾上腺素雾化吸入辅助治疗婴幼儿喘息性疾病的临床研究

目的探讨肾上腺素雾化吸入辅助治疗婴幼儿喘息性疾病的疗效。方法将67例重症喘息性疾病的患儿随机分为两组,治疗组34例,对照组33例,两组患儿均应用硫酸特布他林及布地奈德雾化吸入,每日2次。每次10-15min,治疗组在应用上述两种药物的同时,加用肾上腺素0．5mg,加至生理盐水3ml,6～8l／min氧气驱动雾化吸入,2次,d,每次10-15min,用药40d。结果治疗组在治愈率、缓解喘憋、缩短哮呜音和湿哆音消失方面均明显优于对照组fP〈0．01）。结论肾上腺素雾化吸入治疗婴幼儿重症喘息性疾病可缩短痛程,改善肺功能,缓解喘憋,疗效确切,且简单、安全、有效,值得推广。     

沙丁胺醇与异丙托溴胺联合雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作的临床效果观察

目的：探讨沙丁胺醇与异丙托溴胺联合雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作的临床疗效。方法选取2011年12月～2013年12月在我院进行治疗的82例支气管哮喘急性发作患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予常规治疗和沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上,加用异丙托溴胺雾化吸入进行治疗,比较两组的疗效。结果观察组显效率为61.90％,总有效率为95.24％,对照组显效率为30.00％,总有效率为77.50％,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论沙丁胺醇与异丙托溴胺联合雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作,可显著增加治疗效果。     

Concentrations of cisplatin and doxorubicin in ascites and peritoneal tumor nodules before and after pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in patients with peritoneal metastasis

Introduction

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new means of delivering chemotherapy into the abdomen of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The amount of drug uptake in ascites and peritoneum after PIPAC is unknown.

儿童哮喘辅以布地奈德的治疗效果及其用药后1～2年对生长发育的影响

目的 探讨吸入布地奈德混悬液用于儿童哮喘治疗中的效果及其用药后1～2年对生长发育的影响。方法 选择于2016年10月至2017年1月收诊的68例儿童哮喘患者,均为急性发作并持续用药,分为两组：34例应用硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入气雾剂治疗的患者为对照组,34例应用吸入布地奈德混悬液联合硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入气雾剂治疗的患者为观察组。比较两组儿童哮喘急性发作期患者的白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、超敏-C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、最大呼吸流量、IS最大呼气量、调节性B细胞比例、喘憋消失时间、气促缓解时间、湿啰音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间,并对比随访2年后的生长发育指标。结果 用药结束,观察组的IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP、调节性B细胞比例、喘憋消失时间、气促缓解时间、湿啰音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组的最大呼吸流量、IS最大呼气量高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患儿随访结束后的生长激素水平、身高和体重均低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 吸入用布地奈德混悬液联合硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入气雾剂雾化吸入疗法可缓解患儿的炎症反应,改善患儿的肺功能及免疫功能,加快临床症状的消失,但一定程度上会影响患儿的生长发育。     

Single quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for the measurement of fluorine in tea infusions and its health risk assessment

Single quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS) method was developed to measure the total F concentration (fluoride and covalently bonded F) in tea infusion and its associated health risks was assessed. The detection was based on the measurement of BaF⁺ generated by F and Ba in ICP. Polyatomic interference from ¹³⁸Ba- hydroxide and ¹⁵⁷Gd⁺ at the target m/z 157 were overcome by combining of aerosol dilution technique and mathematical correction. The limit of detection was 0.032 µg L⁻¹. After 5 min of leaching, the mean F concentration in 100 tea infusion ranged from 0.24 to 7.25 mg L⁻¹ (brick tea > black tea > white tea > oolong tea > green tea). 95th percentile of the chronic daily intake (0.003–0.024 mg/kg/day) and the target hazard quotient (0.089–0.398) indicate that F exposure from tea consumption in adults is within the safe level.     

口腔治疗过程中气溶胶污染范围调查

目的了解口腔科治疗操作所产生的气溶胶污染范围,制定防污染对策。方法采用平板沉降法,对使用中的口腔治疗台一定范围内的空气进行采样和检测,同时监测相关物体表面。结果连续3年共采样空气332份,细菌总数结果全部超标。以治疗台为中心点,由近及远设4个监测点距离为0.5 m、1 m、2 m和5 m,细菌总数平均分别为6 438、3 767、1 577和663 cfu/m3。相关监测点的物体表面细菌总数平均分别为2 248、1 317、763和153cfu/cm2。结论口腔科治疗室空气污染严重,主要是治疗台所产生的气溶胶污染。     

Deposition Pattern of Heliox-Driven Bronchodilator Aerosol in the Airways of Stable Asthmatics

To compare the deposition patterns of heliox-driven and air-driven radiolabeled bronchodilator aerosol, a prospective randomized study was undertaken at the Ben Taub Hospital in Houston, Texas. The working hypothesis was that nebulization with heliox would improve the peripheral deposition of a bronchodilator aerosol. Twelve mild-moderate known asthmatics were recruited for the study. They were asked to withhold medications for 8–24 hours prior to reporting for the study. Each subject was randomized to receive either heliox or oxygen for delivery of albuterol labeled with Tc-99m DTPA. Prior to the nebulization, baseline spirometry was performed. Following nebulization, the subjects were scanned for 1,000,000 counts on the ADAC Genesis Scanner. A postbronchodilator spirometry was then performed. Subjects returned about a week later, this time to have the same process repeated with the other gas. The normalized pixel counts were obtained, and the frequency distribution histograms were constructed for each of the deposition images. Skew and kurtosis were calculated. A lower skew and kurtosis value suggests a more peripheral distribution of the bronchodilator, whereas a higher pixel count corresponds with an increased area and uniformity of deposition. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline PFTs on the 2 days of the study. The pixel count was statistically higher after the heliox-driven nebulization than the air-driven nebulization. The skew and kurtosis values were lower after the heliox-driven nebulization than after the air-driven nebulization of radiolabeled aerosol. All patients had a good bronchodilator response with either driving gas. However, the degree of improvement was more with heliox-driven nebulization than with air-driven nebulization. We conclude that aerosol delivery with heliox results in more uniform and peripheral deposition. Thus, this mode of delivery can be used when uniform, peripheral deposition is desired as with drug delivery during an exacerbation or with aerosolized gene therapy.