Terbutaline aerosol from a metered dose inhaler via a 750 ml spacer

Summary The effect on large and small airways of a pressurized terbutaline aerosol delivered via a 750 ml spacer, or via an ordinary actuator, was investigated in a double-blind study of 15 patients with reversible obstructive airflow disease. There was significant bronchodilatation with both devices as measured byRaw, FEV_1.0, PEFR, MEF₇₅, MEF₅₀, and MEF₂₅.Raw showed, a significant difference in favour of the 750 ml spacer. Measurement of Closing Volume (CV) revealed a significant decrease with the spacer, but with the ordinary actuator there was a slight increase in CV; the difference between the devices was significant. The quotient Closing Volume/Vital Capacity (CV/VC%) was significantly decreased with the 750 ml spacer but not with the ordinary actuator. The decrease in volume of isoflow (Viso ) was more pronounced with the spacer but not significantly so. The results suggest that use of a 750 ml spacer may promote more extensive peripheral deposition of the drug in the bronchial tract.     

速尿雾化吸入辅助治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎30例

目的：探讨速尿雾化吸入辅助治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎临床疗效。方法：将58例毛细支气管炎患者儿分为2组，观察组30例在常规治疗的基础上采用速尿雾化吸入治疗（2－4mg/kg.d)；常规组28例仅用常规方法治疗。结果：观察组临床疗效显效率为40．00％，总有效率为100．00％，常规组分别为10．71％及92．86％，两组比较差异均有显著性（P均＜0．05）。结论：速尿雾化吸入辅助治疗毛细支气管炎疗效优于常规治疗。     

雾化吸入羟基喜树碱在兔体内的组织分布

目的研究雾化吸入羟基喜树碱在兔体内的组织分布特点。方法建立了采用RP-HPLC法测定兔血浆和组织中羟基喜树碱浓度的方法。比较雾化吸入和静脉注射给药后的组织分布特点与血药浓度。结果相对于静脉注射途径，采用雾化吸入途径给予同剂量羟基喜树碱后0.5,1和2 h肺中的药物浓度分别提高了13.52,27.81和20.82倍，而药物在其他组织中的分布几乎都显著降低。雾化吸入给药后的绝对生物利用度为7.38%。结论雾化吸入给予羟基喜树碱能够在维持肺内药物高浓度的同时显著降低药物在其他正常组织以及血浆中的分布。羟基喜树碱改用雾化吸入途径给药治疗肺癌具有明显的优势。     

应用抗粘灵气雾剂预防腹腔术后粘连的实验研究

目的：为临床外科寻找简便易行有效的预防腹腔术后粘连的新方法和药物：方法：用白及、黄芪等多味中药制成抗粘灵气雾剂，通过对60只家免盲肠部分切除制造实验动物模型，并对其创面进行活体药物喷涂。结果：抗粘灵气雾剂预防腹腔术后粘连效果良好，总有效率86．67％，与对照组比较，有非常显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论：抗粘灵气雾剂预防腹腔术后粘连有效，且方法简便易行，从而可为临床外科领域提供高效。价廉的木申抗粘连药物。     

槐杞黄颗粒联合异丙托溴铵吸入气雾剂对哮喘患者的临床疗效

目的 探讨槐杞黄颗粒联合异丙托溴铵吸入气雾剂对哮喘患者的临床疗效.方法 111例患者随机分为对照组A、对照组B、观察组,每组37例,对照组A给予异丙托溴铵吸入气雾剂,对照组B给予槐杞黄颗粒,观察组给予槐杞黄颗粒联合异丙托溴铵吸入气雾剂,疗程2周.检测临床疗效、症状评分、肺功能指标(FEV1％、FVC、PEF)、免疫炎性...     

护理干预对毛细支气管炎吸入治疗辅助效果的临床观察

目的：探讨护理干预对小儿毛细支气管炎吸入治疗的辅助效果。方法：将126例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为两组,两组均行氧气驱动雾化吸入治疗。观察组（n=64）在吸入治疗过程中行强化护理干预,对照组（n=62）仅予常规护理。观察对比两组主要症状和体征的持续时间及住院天数。结果：观察组行护理干预后在喘憋、咳嗽、哮鸣音、湿罗音持续时间及平均住院天数等方面均较对照组显著缩短（p〈0．01）。结论：护理干预对毛细支气管炎吸入治疗的辅助效果显著。     

阴道用苦参柔性脂质体泡沫气雾剂的制备研究

目的 制备包封苦参脂溶性和水溶性活性部位的柔性脂质体,再将苦参柔性脂质体制备成泡沫气雾剂;研究其体外透黏膜给药的特点,并与洗剂和普通气雾剂进行比较.方法 将苦参分步提取得到其脂溶性和水溶性活性部位;采用薄膜分散法,将脂溶性和水溶性活性部位分别溶于磷脂相和内水相制备柔性脂质体;采用原子力显微镜、透射电镜和光子相关光谱仪考察其药剂学性质,并用高效液相色谱法和挤压法考察苦参柔性脂质体的包封率和变形性.将苦参柔性脂质体制备成泡沫气雾剂,并考察其泡沫的膨胀情况;采用离体猪阴道组织为模型,考察苦参柔性脂质体泡沫气雾剂的体外透黏膜给药,并与苦参的洗剂和普通气雾剂进行比较.结果 苦参柔性脂质体为圆球或椭球形,内部具有层状囊泡结构;粒径为(150±19) nm,表面电位为(-40±2.8)mV;对苦参碱的包封率为(78.21 ±0.65)％,在0.8 MPa下的变形性为(92.43±5.71)％.泡沫气雾剂的泡沫具有缓慢膨胀过程,其在体外条件下能持续约70 min.8.0h时,苦参柔性脂质体泡沫气雾剂中苦参碱透过阴道黏膜的累积透过量分别为苦参洗剂和普通气雾剂的3.18与1.79倍.结论 柔性脂质体泡沫气雾剂能够促进药物透过阴道黏膜并利于药物在阴道组织中形成药物储库.     

布地格福吸入气雾剂与布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂对缓解期慢阻肺患者肺功能以及生活质量影响的对照研究

目的探究布地格福吸入气雾剂与布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂对缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)患者的肺功能及健康相关生活质量(Health-related quality of life, HRQoL)的影响。方法选取2020年9月至2021年2月入住我院的200例在前一年经历至少1次急性加重的COPD患者,将患者随机分为布地奈德福莫特罗组及布地格福组,每组100例,分别每天接受布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂或布地格福吸入气雾剂治疗,持续24周。比较两组治疗前以及治疗24周后肺通气功能即第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)/用力肺活量(FVC)和FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%pred)、圣乔治问卷(Saint George′s Respiratory Questionnaire, SGRQ)评分及急救药物(沙丁胺醇)使用情况。结果纳入187例患者(平均年龄69.47岁,68.45%为男性患者),布地格福组97例,布地奈德福莫特罗组90例。两组患者治疗前SGRQ评分、FEV1%pred值、FEV1/FVC值和临时使用沙丁胺醇...     

Dose-response comparison of broxaterol and salbutamol pressurized aerosols

Summary The bronchodilating activity and tolerability of broxaterol and salbutamol administered by pressurized metered dose inhalers have been compared in 9 adult patients with bronchial asthma and clinically stable and reversible bronchospasm. Placebo was used as a control. On 3 different days broxaterol and salbutamol in cumulative doses of 100, 200 and 400 g and placebo were administered every 30 min according to a double-blind, Latin-square design.After each dose of broxaterol and salbutamol the increases in FVC and FEV₁ were always significantly larger than after placebo. Broxaterol at the doses tested induced a bronchodilator response which depended on the dose according to a relation not significantly different from a straight line, and with a potency at least comparable to that of salbutamol. The tolerability of the two drugs was good: only in 1 patient were slight tremors observed after the highest dose of each drug.The bronchodilating activity and the tolerability of broxaterol were not significantly different from those of salbutamol at the same doses.     

大鼠肺部给药后血浆中沙丁胺醇浓度的LC-MS/MS测定

建立了LC-MS/MS法测定大鼠血浆中沙丁胺醇浓度,并比较了两种沙丁胺醇气雾剂在大鼠体内的药动学行为.以特布他林为内标,血浆样品经乙酸乙酯液-液萃取.采用Capcell C18柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液（6：94）,流速为0.25ml/min.质谱条件为串联四极杆质谱,电喷雾离子源,正离子扫描（ESI＋）;离子选择通道分别为240/148（沙丁胺醇）和226/152（内标）.沙丁胺醇线性范围为0.1～100ng/ml（r=0.9989）,方法回收率为88.6%～107.4%;日内和日间RSD分别低于6.2%和7.3%.两种气雾剂在大鼠体内的药动学参数无显著性差异.