低浓度罗哌卡因复合芬太尼全产程硬膜外自控镇痛的临床研究

目的探讨低浓度罗哌卡因复合芬太尼全产程硬膜外自控镇痛的效果及对产程、母婴的影响。方法选择90例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级的足月初产妇,随机分为A、B、C 3组,每组30例。A组为对照组,按产科常规处理;B组为活跃期镇痛组,宫口开至3cm行硬膜外自控镇痛;C组为全产程镇痛组,进入规律宫缩行硬膜外自控镇痛。观察并记录镇痛效果(VAS)、下肢运动阻滞程度(采用改良Bromage评分评价)、产程时间、分娩方式、催产素的使用情况及新生儿Apgar评分。结果B、C组镇痛效果良好,下肢运动神经阻滞轻微,产程时间、分娩方式及新生儿Apgar评分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B、C组静脉滴注催产素加强宫缩例数较对照组多,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。C组产妇的总体满意度高于A、B两组。结论低浓度罗哌卡因复合芬太尼全产程硬膜外自控镇痛效果确切,不影响产程及新生儿,不增加剖宫产率,可以提高产妇的满意度。     

心房颤动左心耳封堵联合冷冻消融术后器械相关血栓发生及预后研究

目的 探讨非瓣膜性心房颤动(房颤)缺血性脑卒中高危患者左心耳封堵(1eft atrial appendage closure, LAAC)联合二代球囊冷冻消融术发生封堵器械相关血栓(device-related thrombus, DRT)的病例特点及药物调整后疗效.方法 2018年1月—2019年6月期间上海健康医学...     

经导管室间隔缺损封堵术后左心室收缩功能近、中期变化

目的通过经胸超声心动图（TTE）评价室间隔缺损（VSD）封堵术后左心室收缩功能近、中期变化。方法对该院30例成功施行VSD封堵术治疗患者进行研究。所有患者术前3d内、术后3d、术后3月和术后6月分别进行TTE检查，测量左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）、左室每搏量（LVSV）、左室射血分数（LVEF）和左室短轴缩短率（LVFS）。结果VSD封堵术后LVEDD、LVEDV、LVESV和LVSV逐渐减少；LVEF和LVFS封堵术后3d、术后3个月和术后6个月较术前下降，而术后3个月、术后6个月与术后3d比较无明显差异。结论VSD封堵术后，伴随左室扩张得到纠正。代偿增强的左心室收缩功能逐渐恢复正常。     

白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床观察

目的观察白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)的临床疗效。方法采用白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗PACG,比较术前及术后6个月患者视力、眼压、房角等情况。结果共58例病例纳入本次研究,其中急性PACG(A组)37例,慢性PACG(B组)21例。分别记录术前及术后6个月视力、眼压、房角等情况。A组视力由术前(0.11±0.08)提高至(0.5±0.15),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组视力由(0.4±0.16)提高至(0.6±0.14),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组眼压由术前(4.16±1.50)kPa降至(2.03±0.61)kPa,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组眼压由术前(3.51±1.30)kPa降至(2.30±0.73)kPa(P<0.05)。其中A组1例眼压未控制正常,B组6例未控制正常。结论白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术能有效治疗PACG,但对慢性闭角型青光眼的治疗效果相对较差。     

大龄腭裂患者腭咽闭合功能的超声解剖学研究

目的:获取大龄腭裂患者术前、术后腭咽闭合功能的超声解剖学参数,为腭裂修复术前方案的制定、术后疗效评价及指导患者语音训练提供科学依据。方法:应用超声波技术,动态观察并测量30例大龄腭裂患者术前、术后软腭的长度、厚度以及腭咽腔前后径,并分别与30名正常人群(对照组)做对比分析。结果:腭裂患者术前软腭长度为(28.48±4.89)mm,明显短于对照组的(41.13±3.59)mm(P<0.01);而软腭厚度(6.21±0.69)mm,较对照组的(5.19±0.29)mm显著增加(P<0.01)。术后组的软腭长度(39.25±3.67)mm,明显长于术前组(P<0.01);而软腭厚度(5.02±0.29)mm,却较术前组变薄(P<0.05)。术后组的软腭长度与软腭厚度均接近于对照组(P>0.05)。术前组的腭咽腔前后径(21.30±2.69)mm,明显大于对照组的(8.93±0.39)mm(P<0.01)。术后组的腭咽腔前后径(12.02±0.99)mm,明显小于术前组(P<0.01)。术后组的腭咽腔前后径显著大于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:大龄腭裂患者术前、术后腭咽闭合相关超声解剖学参数具有显著差异性,可为腭裂患者术前制定个体化治疗方案提供重要的科学依据,为腭裂术后的腭咽闭合功能的评价提供解剖学基础。     

两种血管闭合器与人工压迫法在冠状动脉介入治疗中的应用比较

目的 评价Angio-Seal、StarClose血管闭合器与人工压迫止血在冠脉介入治疗中安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析了2008年1月-2012年12月在本院接受冠状动脉介入治疗的945例患者,按不同止血方法随机分为人工压迫组（205例）、Angio-Seal组（324例）和StarClose组（416例）,观察各组制动时间、止血成功率及血管并发症的发生情况.结果 与人工压迫组相比,Angio-Seal组和StarClose组制动时间明显缩短（P＜0.01）,血管并发症的发生率降低（P＜0.01）;三组的止血成功率比较差异无显著性意义（P＞0.05）.结论 在冠脉介入治疗中应用Angio-Seal和StarClose血管闭合器是安全、可靠的.     

Feasibility of open chest management with modified negative pressure wound therapy immediately after cardiac surgery

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the feasibility of open chest management with our modified negative pressure wound therapy immediately after cardiac surgery as a therapy for atypical tamponade.METHODSOpen chest with modified negative pressure wound therapy was performed immediately after cardiac surgery. The surface of the heart and the vessels were covered with non-adherent siliconized gauze. The sternal halves were stented using edge-cut disposable syringes to maintain a larger mediastinal cavity. Approximately 45 mm of distance was kept between the sternal edges. A trimmed sterile polyvinyl foam sponge was inserted into the mediastinum, the entire wound was sealed and negative pressure (−50 to −75 mmHg) was applied using a suction generator. Delayed chest closure was performed in a standard manner once the haemodynamic status was stabilizsed.RESULTSThe mortality rate was 3/15 (20%) patients. Deep sternal wound infection occurred in 1/15 (6.7%) patients. Five patients were extubated during the open chest management. Sternal closure was delayed for median of 3 days after the initial surgery. There was no incidence of bleeding complications or need for additional haemostatic procedures.CONCLUSIONSNegative pressure wound therapy performed immediately after cardiac surgery was feasible in our small number of patients.Clinical registration numberStudy ID: 2020-149.     

房间隔缺损介入封堵术并发三度房室传导阻滞一例

患儿,女,5岁,体重19kg。体检发现先天性心脏病:房间隔缺损于2007年4月9日入院。病程中无紫绀、呼吸困难,无蹲踞现象,无发育迟缓,近1个月来无发热咳嗽。心脏听诊:心率:110次/min,律齐,胸骨左缘2～3肋间可闻及2级收缩早期杂音,P2无亢进。心电图:窦性心律,不完全性右束支传导阻滞。心脏常规片:两肺纹增多,心前间隙狭窄。心脏彩超:先天性心脏病:房间隔缺损,左向右分流,右室比例增大。心尖四腔心切面:缺损大小13mm,距左房室10mm,距后上     

Full thickness open tear of the tendoachilles - Functional outcomes following a stable,single stage repair

ObjectiveOpen injuries of the Tendoachilles present a challenge to the treating surgeon. Although, common in our setting, there is a paucity of literature regarding management of the same. The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyse the functional outcomes following debridement and primary repair of open tears of the Tendoachilles.Materials and methodsPatients with open tears of the tendoachilles, between January 2012 to January 2017. After obtaining demographic data, including mechanism of injury, all patients were managed by adequate debridement and primary repair, by Pennington’s modification of Kessler’s technique in a single sitting, paratenon closed circumferentially, plantaris reinforcement used when end to end repair couldn’t be achieved. Below knee cast for 2 months. Weight bearing started at three months. Statistical analysis using paired t-test for calf circumference, ankle range of motion comparing with uninjured limb. Functional outcome assessment by AOFAS hindfoot score and Achilles tendon rupture score.Results23 male patients, mean age 35, were analysed. Field injury was the most common mechanism, with slip in Indian lavatory pans accounting for four patients. Average time to surgery from injury was 22 hours. Plantaris reinforcement in one case. No case of wound dehiscence, scar adherence, tendon rerupture or infection. One patient had serous discharge at three weeks which settled with oral antibiotics. 21 patients performed single heel raise. There was no significant difference in calf circumference and ankle range of motion compared to uninjured limb. Mean AOFAS score was 92, mean Achilles tendon rupture score 77.ConclusionThough open injuries of the tendoachilles is fraught with complications, early debridement, adequate repair of the tendon edges with circumferential closure of the paratenon, yields adequate functional outcomes with minimal complications.     

皮肤伸展术伸展皮肤的来源及创面闭合的实验研究

为了研究皮肤伸展术伸展皮肤的来源及伸展力作用对创面闭合的影响，采用自制的皮肤应力检测系统，作用于猪胸背部标出的７ｃｍ×３．５ｃｍ创面两侧，在伸展区画水平线与垂直线，以１ｃｍ等距点标记，在模拟创面两侧加力至对合，测等距点的变化范围及大小。并选取后肢对称部位形成７ｃｍ×１０ｃｍ创面，实验组首次清创后即采用伸展力作用于创缘。结果表明，创面两侧５倍～７倍于创面长边的部位，皮肤等距点仍增大，伸长皮肤占创面长边的６１％～８９％；伸展力作用的创面５天后即可缝合，对照组仅缩小２４％～２８％。认为，伸展术可动员周围组织，有利于缩小创面及早期闭合创面。