Do antibacterial and antifungal combinations have better activity against clinically relevant fusarium species? in vitro synergism

The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of 20 clinical isolates of Fusarium spp. to classic antifungals [amphotericin B (AmB), itraconazole (ITR), voriconazole (VRC) and caspofungin (CAS)] and to non-antifungal agents [amiodarone (AMD), doxycycline (DOX) and moxifloxacin (MFX)] by the broth microdilution method. Combinations between these antifungal and non-antifungal agents were also evaluated to determine the fractional inhibitory concentration indices using the chequerboard technique. Synergistic interactions were observed for the following combinations (% synergism): AMD?+?VRC, 80%; MFX?+?AmB, 75%; AMD?+?AmB, 65%; DOX?+?VRC, 60%; MFX?+?VRC, 55%; DOX?+?AmB, 50%; and AMD?+?CAS, 30%. Synergism was not observed for associations with ITR. Antagonism was not seen in any combination. These findings suggest that the combinations of AMD, DOX or MFX with AmB or VRC to have potential for future in vivo investigations.     

Secretion of respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors and antibody in human milk throughout lactation

Neutralising inhibitors to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus have been demonstrated in the whey of most samples of human milk tested. Although high titres were secreted in colostra of some mothers (1/10–1/2,560; median 1/40) inhibitor levels in milk collected after the first week of lactation were uniformly low (median 1/10). High neutralising titres correlated with high colostral levels of specific antiviral IgA but, unlike neutralising activity, IgA antiviral antibody persisted in the milk of only four of 18 mothers. Similarly, antiviral IgG and IgM antibodies were not generally detected after the first postpartum week. Differences in antibody secretion among mothers did not correlate with differences in total protein or total immunoglobulin secretion, and appeared to reflect maternal immune status. In one mother a marked rise in specific antiviral IgA and IgG secretions during the second and third months of lactation suggested a response to virus infection. The relevance of maternal immunity and colostral and milk antiviral antibody to protection of breast-fed babies from RS-virus bronchiolitis is discussed.     

Incisal preparation design for ceramic veneers: A critical review

Background

The authors reviewed and identified the evidence for the various incisal preparation designs for ceramic veneers.

Preparation of Indapamide slow-release pellets

During the process of developing a slow-release formulation of indapamide, researchers created a drug-containing pellet coated with Eudragit RS100 (Rohm GMbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt, Germany) to control the rate at which the drug was released. The two main variables were the agglomerants used in the pellet preparation and the amount of Eudragit RS100 used to coat them. The optimal outcome was indicated by the greatest number of drug-containing pellets recovered through an 18- to 24-mesh sieve and a satisfactory 24-hour release curve. The kinetics of dissolution fit the Higuchi kinetics model. Stability tests of the drug pellets showed no notable changes in the rate of drug release, related substances (mean byproducts or impurities from interactions or decompositions), and drug content.     

mCD99L2基因沉默对小鼠B淋巴瘤细胞系A20细胞转化为 H/RS样细胞的影响

目的探究mCD99L2基因沉默对小鼠B淋巴瘤细胞系A20细胞转化为H/RS样细胞的影响。方法重组SiRNA表达质粒LV-mCD99L2,体外转染内源性mCD99L2表达阳性的A20细胞,筛选出稳定表达LV质粒的细胞株并扩增培养;采用免疫荧光技术和流式细胞仪检测转化前后两组细胞鼠源CD30表达;透射电镜观察转化后细胞超微结构的形态特点;细胞计数方法动态观测培养细胞干扰组A20-LV-mCD99L2和未经干扰组A20细胞的H/RS样细胞(直径≥25μm)转型率,以人霍奇金淋巴瘤细胞系L428作为对照;采用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化。结果获得了稳定表达LV质粒的单克隆细胞株A20-LV-mCD99L2;免疫荧光标记显示转化细胞CD30( );流式细胞仪检测A20-LV-mCD99L2细胞CD30阳性率为54.4%;透射电镜观察转化后细胞核增大,可见单核、双核及多核,核仁明显的H/RS样细胞;干扰组H/RS样细胞的转型率明显高于未经干扰组(P<0.01)。两组处于S期的细胞无明显差异,两组细胞均未见凋亡峰。结论mCD99L2基因沉默可诱导小鼠B淋巴瘤细胞系A20细胞转化为H/RS样细胞。     

RS3PE综合征与肿瘤相关性的探讨(附八例报告)

目的 了解缓和性血清阴性对称性滑膜炎伴凹陷性水肿综合征(RS3PE)的临床特点及与肿瘤的关系。方法 回顾分析8例RS3PE患者的临床表现、实验室检查资料，并复习有关文献。结果 8例均表现为双手及双足的突发性肿胀，血清类风湿因子阴性。8例均有不同肿瘤标记物阳性，其中3例合并肿瘤。结论 8例RS3PE综合征与肿瘤有相关性。     

复方盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释微丸的制备及其释放度考察

目的制备含萘普生钠和盐酸伪麻黄碱的复方缓释微丸,考察理论聚合物包覆量、抗黏剂用量、热处理时间等因素对盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释微丸释放度的影响。方法采用挤出滚圆法制备萘普生钠速释微丸及盐酸伪麻黄碱含药丸芯,采用丙烯酸树脂水分散体(EudragitRS 30D)流化床包衣技术制备盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释微丸,采用紫外分光光度法测定萘普生钠的含量及溶出度,采用HPLC法测定盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量及释放度。结果萘普生钠、微晶纤维素、硫酸钠质量比为10∶9∶1时,制得的萘普生钠速释微丸圆整度好,脆碎度低,10 min累积释药大于90%;当盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释微丸的理论聚合物包覆量为50%、滑石粉用量为聚合物质量的40%、热处理时间为24 h时,药物释放过程接近零级释药模型。结论所制备的萘普生钠速释微丸及盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释微丸体外释药均符合速释和缓释要求,后者的体外释药过程接近零级释药模型。     

基于RS理论的呼吸机质量控制系统的研究

本文简要介绍了RS理论,并将RS理论应用于呼吸机质量控制系统的研究,提出了基于RS理论的呼吸机质量控制系统。在实际应用中,收到良好效果。     

豆腐果素缓释微丸包衣工艺的研究

分别以Surelease、Eudragit RS30D／RL30D为包衣材料，制备豆腐果素缓释微丸，筛选包衣工艺的优化参数。结果表明，用Surelease、Eudragit两种包衣材料均可得到在12h内缓慢释放的微丸，后者有近1h的时滞。