颅骨缺损状态下区域血流速度变化

目的 :探讨颅骨缺损病理状态下区域血流速度变化。方法 :应用TCD测定不同缺损面积的颅骨缺损病人术前患侧及健侧和术后患侧ICA、ACA、MCA、PCA、BA平均血流速度。结果 :≥ 35cm2 病人患侧颅内血管平均血流速度高于正常 ,而健侧颅内血管平均血流速度正常。 <35cm2 病人患侧及健侧颅内血管平均血流速度均在正常范围。结论 :颅骨缺损病理状态下常可引起区域血流速度改变 ,血流速度改变是指导颅骨缺损修补的重要依据     

Modern Mind-Brain Reading: Psychophysiology, Physiology, and Cognition

This paper reviews the actual and potential benefits of a marriage between cognitive psychology and psychophysiology. Psychophysiological measures, particularly those of the event-related brain potential, can be used as markers for psychological events and physiological events. Thus, they can serve as "windows" on the mind and as "windows" on the brain. These ideas are illustrated in the context of a series of studies utilizing the lateralized readiness potential, a measure of electrical brain activity that is related to preparation for movement. This measure has been used to illuminate presetting processes that prepare the motor system for action, to demonstrate the presence of the transmission of partial information in the cognitive system, and to identify processes responsible for the inhibition of responses. The lateralized readiness potential appears to reflect activity in motor areas of cortex. Thus, this measure, along with other psychophysiological measures, can be used to understand how the functions of the mind are implemented in the brain.     

The effect of physical conditioning on antipyrine clearance

The effects of physical conditioning on antipyrine clearance were studied in two groups of subjects. Healthy men not engaged in the systematic practice of any sport were compared with endurance runners (defined as men running >80 km/week). Studies were carried out at three different periods of the annual plan training at 4-month intervals. Antipyrine was administered orally and pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained from saliva samples by the multiple-sample method. Endurance performance, expressed in terms of the maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O_{2 max}), the ventilatory threshold and the 4-mM · l⁻¹ lactate threshold (OBLA), was higher in trained than in control subjects at each of the three periods. Antipyrine clearance was also significantly elevated and antipyrine half-life reduced in runners during all periods. No significant difference in V˙O_{2 max} or antipyrine clearance was found between the various periods in either trained or control subjects. Both ventilatory threshold and OBLA increased significantly along the training period in conditioned subjects. Significant correlations were found between antipyrine clearance and V˙O_{2 max}, ventilatory threshold and OBLA. In summary, these results indicate an association between aerobic conditioning and increased hepatic oxidative metabolism of low-clearance drugs. Accepted: 15 July 1997     

The course of aggressive behavior induced by a single injection of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and its characteristics

Female, Wistar King A rats subjected to one day of isolated housing, during which all food was withheld for 22 hr and supplied for only 2 hr, and then given a single dose of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) markedly exhibited muricide and rod-attack behavior. This continued for 100 days after treatment as far as the animals remained in isolation. They displayed rat pup-killing behavior as well, although normal virgin female rats did not show such behavior. When the rats were transferred from isolated housing to group housing 60 days after THC treatment, rod-attack behavior disappeared completely in all rats and muricide disappeared in 13 of the 28 rats which exhibited muricide. However, when these rats were returned to isolation after a 15 day period of group housing, rod-attack behavior and muricide identical to that observed previously reappeared. It is concluded that housing condition plays a crucial role in the occurrence and maintenance of THC-induced aggression including muricide.     

小儿手足口病行综合护理的效果

目的分析综合护理对促进小儿手足口病病情恢复的效果观察。方法手足口病患儿作为本次研究的主要对象,总例数(选取人数)200例,患者收取时间在2018年10月-2019年10月,研究对象200例使用电脑随机分配方式分为两组,其中100例作为观察组(实施综合护理)、100例作为对照组(实施常规护理),将两组的口腔糜烂愈合时间、住院时间、皮疹消退时间、家属焦虑评分和抑郁评分进行比较。结果观察组手足口病患儿护理后口腔糜烂愈合时间、住院时间、皮疹消退时间显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家属护理后焦虑(46.25±1.64)分、抑郁(52.03±1.21)分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论综合护理在小儿手足口病病情恢复中具有良好的护理效果。     

北京市东城区公共场所冷却塔使用状况及健康风险评估

目的了解北京市东城区公共场所冷却塔使用及卫生状况,评估各场所冷却塔军团菌病健康风险。方法2018年5—9月,采集东城区内三类共26家公共场所冷却塔冷却水,填写相关调查问卷,通过冷却塔军团菌病健康风险指数模型计算各场所健康风险。结果本次研究中各场所冷却水样本嗜肺军团菌检测均为阴性,合格率为100%。游离性余氯平均为0.15 mg/L。酒店类场所冷却塔规模、加药方式和频率与其他场所有明显差别。26家公共场所健康综合风险平均为61.49,其中军团菌增殖风险、含菌气溶胶传播风险、暴露人群易感风险分别为16.13、22.66和22.70。不同场所冷却塔军团菌病健康风险评估结果存在一定差异,医院类场所健康风险指数高于酒店和商场(F=3.78,P<0.05)。结论冷却塔军团菌病健康风险高低主要受公共场所周围易感人群影响,该地区相关卫生部门应加强对相关易感人群的保护,对各类场所相关政策法规进行制定、完善和实施。     

How different health literacy dimensions influences health and well‐being among men and women: The mediating role of health behaviours

BackgroundHealth literacy, the ability to access, understand, evaluate and apply health information, was found to contribute to positive health outcomes, possibly via promoting healthy behaviours. However, the specific pathways linking different health literacy skills to health and well‐being have remained unclear.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey with structural questionnaires was administered among 2236 adults in Hong Kong (mean age = 46.10 ± 19.05). Health literacy was measured by HLS‐Asian‐47. Participants'' physical conditions and subjective well‐being were predicted by health literacy and health behaviours with structural modelling path analysis.ResultsHealth literacy in finding and understanding information showed a direct effect on enhancing physical health, while applying information capacity had an indirect positive effect via promoting health behaviours, which was moderated by sex. Only among women, this indirect effect predicting fewer physical symptoms and better well‐being was significant.ConclusionsDifferent health literacy dimensions showed distinct direct and indirect pathways in influencing health for men and women. Based on the findings, skill trainings should be developed to enhance both gender''s abilities of finding and understanding health information, while the ability of applying health information should also be improved for modifying lifestyle and promoting health, particularly for women.Patient or Public ContributionTwo thousand and two hundred thirty‐six adults from different districts of Hong Kong participated in the study, and responded to questions on health literacy, behaviours and health status.     

高技术条件下战场救治的特点及医德要求

高技术条件下战争的特殊性给战场救治带来了新的挑战。通过分析高技术条件下的战场救治的特点,提出了要圆满完成战场救治任务,军队医务人员必须承担的医德责任和应具备的身心素质。     

养血口服液提取工艺的研究

目的：优选养血口服液提取工艺。方法：以干膏收率和总黄酮的含量为指标,采用正交试验法对养血口服液提取工艺进行研究。结果：确定最佳工艺条件为：水煎煮2次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮1．5小时;第二次加8倍量水煎1,所得煎煮液浓缩至1ml,含1g生药,醇沉浓度为70％。结论：本法可用于养血口服液的生产。     

海南省学生身体素质研究报告

目的 调查研究海南省学生身体素质状况。方法 按《全国学生体质健康状况调查研究实施方案》所规定的测试方法和统计分析要求进行。结果 海南省学生身体素质六项指标基本随年龄增大而提高;男性学生、乡村学生、汉族学生大部分素质指标分别高于女性学生、城市学生及黎族学生;海南省学生1995年身体素质水平比1991年稍有下降。结论 应进一步加强我省学校尤其是少数民族地区学校的体育卫生工作。