Early changes in material properties of rabbit articular cartilage after meniscectomy

We have correlated early material and biochemical changes in articular cartilage in a surgical model for cartilage degeneration. Medial meniscectomy was performed on the left knee of 17 adult, female New Zealand white rabbits. The equilibrium Young's modulus of cartilage was assessed by an indentation test in situ at defined sites on the medial and lateral tibial plateaus of the operated and control knees; the cartilage was then excised and analyzed biochemically. Focal changes were consistently observed in the medial surface of the operated knee. The equilibrium modulus and the glycosaminoglycan content fell rapidly, reaching a minimum by 2 weeks after surgery; the lateral tibial surface was essentially unaffected. Six months after surgery, the glycosaminoglycan content had returned to normal and the modulus to near normal. Independent measurements on cored plugs from the medial surface 2 weeks after surgery revealed a significant decrease in both the dynamic stiffness and the streaming potential in the operated knee compared with the control. The findings suggest that normal ambulatory loads in vivo will deform the affected medial cartilage much more than normal. It remains to be seen if altered mechanical stresses are solely responsible for initiating and sustaining matrix remodeling by the chondrocytes.     

The effect of long-term oestrogen treatment on the development of osteoarthrosis at the small hand joints.

The effect of long-term oestrogen treatment of at least 5 yr on the development of osteoarthrosis was studied in 48 postmenopausal women. Osteoarthrosis at the hand joints was graded according to Kellgren's criteria, using hand X-rays. Data obtained in a normal population of 155 women served as controls as well as data obtained in 24 postmenopausal women who didnot receive oestrogen replacement therapy. No significant difference in osteoarthrosis between the treated and non-treated groups was found. The development of osteoarthrosis at the hand joints seems to be independent of the hormonal status in postmenopausal women.     

Early alteration of synovial membrane in osteoarthrosis

Summary Biopsy specimens of the synovial membrane were obtained during arthroscopy and surgical meniscectomy from the knees of 20 patients with meniscus lesions. The aim of this study was to identify the morphological and immunological changes which appear in the synovium during the earliest phase of osteoarthrosis. Interstitial deposits of IgG and, in some cases, C3 were found not only in patients with evident arthrotic degeneration (cartilaginous lesions and synovitis), but also in patients who showed no overt arthrotic changes. Furthermore, light and electron microscopy showed an increased number of mast-cells with peculiar semilunar or piecemeal aspects of their secretory granules. These ultrastructural modifications are characteristic of slow, chronic release of mediators in response to a constant, moderate degranulatory stimulus. Our findings suggest that synovial changes may occur before the advent of cartilage degenertion and that the latter may be directly influenced by early pathological changes in the synovial membrane.     

Immunohistological study on collagen in cartilage-bone metamorphosis and degenerative osteoarthrosis

Summary Synthesis of collagen by chondrocytes was studied by immunofluorescence using antibodies specific for type I, II and III collagen. The following tissues and culture conditions were chosen for this immunohistological study: normal articular cartilage, epiphyseal growth cartilage, cartilage undergoing osteoarthrotic degeneration, suspension culture and monolayer culture. While type II collagen is the unique collagen all over hyaline cartilage, type I collagen is produced by hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate. In addition, chondrocytes in osteoarthrotic areas of articular cartilage synthesize type I collagen. Under in vitro culture conditions, chondrocytes initially produce type II collagen and synthesize later on type I collagen. The change of synthesis from type II to type I collagen is more rapid in monolayer than in suspension culture. It is concluded that the presence of matrix compounds and the cellmatrix interaction as well are necessary to maintain synthesis of type II collagen in chondrocytes. Alterations in the cell-matrix interactions are shown to occur in the hypertrophic zone of the epiphyseal growth plate, in cartilage undergoing osteoarthrotic degeneration as well as in chondrocytes grown in culture. Thus, change in the control of gene activity may subsequently lead to change in collagen synthesis. It is possible that the synthesis of type I collagen, which cannot fulfil the physiological function of a structural element in cartilageneous tissue, is a crucial factor in the process of osteoarthrosis.

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Abbreviations EDTA Ethylendiaminetetraacetate - FITC Fluoresceine isothiocyanate This investigation was supported by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Mu 378/4, Re 388/1 and SFB 51     

透明质酸酶诱导兔颞下颌关节骨关节病的实验研究

目的：建立兔颞下颌关节骨关节病动物模型。方法：将不同浓度透明质酸酶（ＨＤ）一次性注入两组兔颞下颌关节下腔内,分别于注射后２４ｈ、１、４、８、１２周后处死动物,对颞下颌关节标本进行组织学观察。结果：注射ＨＤ４周后出现关节软骨破坏,关节盘腔原纤维暴露,滑膜慢性炎症等骨关节病表现。结论：本实验研究建立了颞下颌关节骨关节病模型可用于颞与颌关节骨关节病早、中期病变的研究 。     

关节内注射曲安奈德对山羊颞下颌关节骨关节病的影响

目的:观察关节内注射曲安奈德后,山羊颞下颌关节骨关节病的组织病理学变化。方法:在10只山羊的双侧颞下颌关节上腔一次性注射Ⅰ型胶原酶0.8ml,诱导制作山羊骨关节病模型;随机将动物分为对照组和治疗组,每组5只,分别在注射Ⅰ型胶原酶后30、60d后,进行第1次和第2次治疗;第1次治疗90d后,处死2组动物,切取关节标本,进行光镜和扫描电镜观察,并对2组关节光镜下9个区的组织病理学变化进行评分,每个区得出平均分后,应用SAS统计软件GLM模型对治疗组和对照组的分数进行统计学处理,评价有无差异。结果:光镜和扫描电镜下观察,对照组髁突、关节盘、关节窝表现为骨关节病变化,治疗组表现出较对照组更严重的病理变化。光镜下治疗组与对照组的组织学得分有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:关节上腔注射曲安奈德,能加重骨关节病的程度。     

颞下颌关节骨关节病动物模型关节滑液NO水平变化的研究

目的 研究一氧化氮(NO)与颞下颌关节骨关节病(TMJOA)模型的关系.方法 选用9只山羊通过关节上腔内注射0.5%胶原酶制造TMJOA实验动物模型,注射前、注射后4、 8、 12、 24周分别抽取关节滑液,以硝酸还原酶法检测关节滑液中NO的水平变化.结果 实验性TMJOA山羊关节滑液中NO水平明显升高,以注射胶原酶后12周为最高.结论 NO可能在TMJOA发生、进展过程中起着重要的作用.     

城市中老年居民手骨关节病患病情况调查

采用Ｋａｌｌｍａｎ等人的诊断标准，哈尔滨市４０岁以上２３５例普通居民手骨关节病进行Ｘ线检验。结果表明，无论男女，手ＯＡ检出率和记分均值均随着年龄增加而升高，远端关节高于近端，但男性高于女性。ＯＡ记分均值最大的关节是拇指指间关节，最小的是食指近端关节。     

Streaming potentials: a sensitive index of enzymatic degradation in articular cartilage

Under physiological conditions, the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage contains a high fixed-charge density, associated with its ionized proteoglycan (PG) molecules. Compression of the highly charged cartilage matrix within the physiologic range leads to the production of electrical streaming potentials. We observed significant changes in the potential response due to chemical modifications of the matrix, such as extraction of PG and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) moieties using chondroitinase-ABC adn trypsin. The streaming potential was a sensitive index of the degradative loss of these matrix constituents and of the kinetics of the enzymatic degradative process.     

鹿瓜多肽关节腔注射治疗颞下颌关节骨关节病的疗效

目的:观察关节腔冲洗加鹿瓜多肽关节腔注射治疗颞下颌关节骨关节病的临床疗效。方法:将符合标准的56例颞下颌关节骨关节病患者随机分为2组,Ⅰ组28例,采用关节腔冲洗加鹿瓜多肽关节腔注射治疗;Ⅱ组28例,采用关节腔冲洗治疗;所有患者均进行颞下颌关节Fricton指数评价,进行术前及术后评分。结果:Ⅰ组28例经关节腔冲洗加鹿瓜多肽关节腔注射治疗的患者,治疗前功能障碍指数DI评分0.45,治疗后DI评分0.19,经统计学处理,有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前VAS评分5.16,治疗后VAS评分1.62,经统计学处理,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组单纯关节腔冲洗治疗患者治疗前DI评分0.49,治疗后DI评分0.31,经统计学处理,没有统计学意义;治疗前VAS评分5.38,治疗后VAS评分2.86,经统计学处理,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者治疗后比较,实验组在降低VAS评分及Fricton功能障碍指数方面较对照组明显,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:关节腔冲洗加鹿瓜多肽关节腔注射治疗下颌关节骨关节病临床疗效满意。