Forced-eruption time for palatally impacted canines treated with and without ostectomy-decortication technique

Objectives:To compare forced-eruption times for palatally impacted canines treated with and without the ostectomy-decortication technique and to assess the influence of palatally impacted canine pretreatment position and angle on forced-eruption time.Materials and Methods:The sample was composed of 118 patient-subjects with 151 palatally impacted canines treated with the ostectomy-decortication technique (n = 72) and without (n = 79). The orthopantomogram radiographs (OPGs) were analyzed for palatally impacted canine angle and horizontal and vertical position. Recovery time was measured from the start of forced eruption until the canine was within ±1 mm of final dental arch position.Results:The time of forced canine eruption with ostectomy-decortication technique was significantly shorter than without (6.6 vs 21.0 months). Pretreatment canine position significantly increased forced-eruption time in the ostectomy-decortication group but not in the control sample.Conclusions:Forced-eruption time of palatally impacted canines using the ostectomy-decortication technique was 3.2 times more rapid than without. Forced-eruption time increased significantly as a function of pretreatment palatally impacted canine position severity in the ostectomy-decortication group but not in the control.     

Active implementation strategy of CONSORT adherence by a dental specialty journal improved randomized clinical trial reporting

ObjectiveTo describe a novel CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) adherence strategy implemented by the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO) and to report its impact on the completeness of reporting of published trials.Study Design and SettingThe AJO-DO CONSORT adherence strategy, initiated in June 2011, involves active assessment of randomized clinical trial (RCT) reporting during the editorial process. The completeness of reporting CONSORT items was compared between trials submitted and published during the implementation period (July 2011 to September 2013) and trials published between August 2007 and July 2009.ResultsOf the 42 RCTs submitted (July 2011 to September 2013), 23 were considered for publication and assessed for completeness of reporting, seven of which were eventually published. For all published RCTs between 2007 and 2009 (n = 20), completeness of reporting by CONSORT item ranged from 0% to 100% (Median = 40%, interquartile range = 60%). All published trials in 2011–2013, reported 33 of 37 CONSORT (sub) items. Four CONSORT 2010 checklist items remained problematic even after implementation of the adherence strategy: changes to methods (3b), changes to outcomes (6b) after the trial commenced, interim analysis (7b), and trial stopping (14b), which are typically only reported when applicable.ConclusionTrials published following implementation of the AJO-DO CONSORT adherence strategy completely reported more CONSORT items than those published or submitted previously.     

牙齿正畸中直丝弓矫治器与自锁托槽矫治器的效果比较

目的 比较牙齿正畸中直丝弓矫治器与自锁托槽矫治器的应用效果。方法 选取2017年6月~2018年9月我院收治的94例牙齿正畸患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组47例。对照组选用直丝弓矫治器治疗,研究组选用自锁托槽矫治器治疗,比较两组治疗前后龈沟液含量、龈沟液炎性因子水平、牙周指标水平与治疗总有效率。结果 治疗后,研究组龈沟液含量、前列腺素E2、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β水平依次为（4.87±0.93）mg、（52.64±4.71）pg/ml、（2.84±0.31）g/L、（35.18±2.34）g/L,分别低于对照组的（6.16±1.02）mg、（60.25±4.43）pg/ml、（3.39±0.27）g/L、（39.64±2.51）g/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后,研究组菌斑指数、龈沟出血指数、牙龈退缩指数、牙周探诊深度、临床附着丧失依次为（0.48±0.28）%、（0.79±0.28）%、（0.79±0.36）%、（2.21±0.83）mm、（1.96±1.42）mm,分别低于对照组的（0.67±0.27）%、（1.08±0.32）%、（0.53±0.33）%、（2.82±0.89）mm、（3.02±1.31）mm,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。研究组治疗总有效率（97.87%）高于对照组（82.98%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 与直丝弓矫治器相比,牙齿正畸中自锁托槽矫治器的应用效果更确切,局部炎症反应更轻,且可进一步改善牙周组织。     

Reliability of anatomic structures as landmarks in three-dimensional cephalometric analysis using CBCT

Objective:To identify anatomic structures in three dimensions and examine their reliability to be used as landmarks in a three-dimensional coordinate cephalometric analysis, using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).Materials and Methods:Thirty CBCT images were randomly selected for landmark location. Forty-two anatomic landmarks, which are not included in the traditional cephalometric landmarks, were chosen based on radiographic characteristics that make them pragmatic to mark in the CBCT image slices. The principal investigator marked the full set of landmarks on the software by navigating in the X, Y, and Z axes for every image three times, with each measurement trial being at least 1 week apart. One other investigator also located the landmarks once for each image for reliability purposes. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to analyze the mean differences in landmark location in all axes.Results:Intra- and interexaminer reliability for x, y, and z coordinates for all landmarks had ICC greater than 0.95 with confidence interval of 0.88–0.99. Mean measurement differences found were <1.4 mm for all landmarks in all three coordinates. Mean measurement error differences obtained in the principal investigator''s trials were primarily <0.5 mm.Conclusion:The most reliable and reproducible landmarks tested for use in CBCT are mental foramina, infraorbital foramina, inferior hamulus, dens axis, foramina transversarium of atlas, medial and lateral condyles of the mandible, superior clinoid processes, and mid-clinoid.     

Esthetic comparison of white-spot lesion treatment modalities using spectrometry and fluorescence

Objective:To compare the esthetic improvements of white-spot lesions (WSLs) treated by fluoride, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), or resin infiltration.Materials and Methods:WSLs were created on human enamel and randomly assigned to four groups: NaF (500 ppm), CPP-ACP, resin infiltration (Icon), or distilled deionized water (DDW; control group). The color change (ΔE) of each specimen was measured with a Crystaleye spectrophotometer, and fluorescence loss (ΔQ) was measured by quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF), at different time points after treatment: baseline (0 weeks), 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks.Results:The ΔE and ΔQ baseline values for the four groups before the treatments did not differ significantly. Icon treatment improved the WSL color significantly and gave the lowest ΔE (2.9 ± 1.2 on average) compared with other treatments (P < .01). The Icon treatment also resulted in a significant change in the ΔQ of WSLs compared with baseline (P < .01). In the NaF and CPP-ACP treatment groups, ΔQ showed significant recovery compared with the baseline values only after 4 weeks after treatment (P < .05).Conclusions:Resin infiltration is more effective than NaF or CPP-ACP in providing esthetic improvement of WSLs.     

Dental esthetics and quality of life in adults with severe malocclusion before and after treatment

Objective:To investigate the association between satisfaction with dental esthetics and quality of life, and esthetics satisfaction in relation to esthetic evaluations of three panel groups.Materials and Methods:Fifty-two patients (36 women, 16 men; age 18–61 years) with severe malocclusion were treated in Oulu University Hospital. Of these, 38 and 14 patients underwent orthodontic/surgical treatment and orthodontic treatment, respectively. A questionnaire and dental photographs were collected before and after treatment. The 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to measure oral health-related quality of life. Satisfaction with dental esthetics was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale. Dental photographs were presented to three panel groups: 30 laypersons, 30 dental students, and 10 orthodontists, who rated the photographs using the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need.Results:Oral health–related quality of life (OHIP-14 severity score) and esthetic satisfaction (according to the Visual Analogue Scale) improved after the treatment (P < .001). The most unsatisfied patients reported oral effects more often both before and after treatment. Changes in oral health–related quality of life components of severity, psychological discomfort, and psychological disability correlated positively with the changes in esthetic satisfaction. Orthodontists graded the situation before treatment as worse and the outcome as better than the laypersons; the level of grading by dental students fell between these two groups.Conclusion:Improvement in esthetic satisfaction due to the treatment of severe malocclusion improves oral health–related quality of life, particularly by decreasing psychological discomfort and psychological disability.     

微种植钉近中移动下颌第二磨牙关闭第一磨牙拔牙间隙

目的探讨微种植钉近中移动下颌第二磨牙关闭第一磨牙缺隙的正畸治疗效果。方法对5例第一磨牙缺失患者使用微种植钉近中移动下颌第二磨牙关闭其间隙。结果矫治后尖牙、磨牙中性关系,前牙覆盖、覆袷正常,后牙袷关系良好,下颌第一磨牙拔牙间隙关闭,第二磨牙近中移动量为11．7mm。疗程为18．5～31．0个月,平均为26．1个月。结论在下颌第一、第二双尖牙间采用微种植钉近中移动第二磨牙,能有效地关闭第一磨牙拔牙间隙。     

减数第一磨牙正畸疗效观察

目的:观察采用拔除第一磨牙方法正畸治疗的临床效果.方法:对2002年1月至2006年1月我科24例拔除第一磨牙正畸治疗的病例进行回顾性分析,其中男性10例,女性14例,年龄11.0～25.3岁,平均年龄16.2岁.定期回访,观察治疗效果.结果:24例患者共拔除42颗第一磨牙,所有患者均得到完善正畸治疗,矫治后牙齿拥挤解除,后牙咬合关系良好,前牙覆合覆盖正常,矫治时间为16.0～29.1个月,平均20.4个月.结论:经过正确诊断设计,减数第一磨牙正畸治疗可以获得满意临床效果.     

CBL联合TBL教学法同步培养口腔正畸专业研究生临床和科研能力的效果研究

目的 研究以案例为基础的学习(CBL)联合基于团队的学习(TBL)教学法同步培养口腔正畸专业研究生临床和科研能力的教学效果.方法 选取中山大学光华口腔医学院口腔正畸专业2018级与2019级研究生共24人为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为两组,实验组采用CBL联合TBL教学法;对照组采用以讲授为基础的学习(LBL)传统教学...