Effects of red mold dioscorea on oral carcinogenesis in DMBA-induced hamster animal model

Monascus-fermented products offer valuable therapeutic benefits and have been extensively used for centuries in East Asia. Dioscorea has been proved to have anti-cancer effect. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-tumor ability of the ethanol extract of red mold dioscorea (RMDE) on 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. We induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the buccal pouch of male Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA three times a week for 14 weeks. From 9 to 14 weeks, a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg RMDE per kg body weight were painting with the hamsters for 6 weeks on days alternate to the DMBA application. The results demonstrated that RMDE decreased nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) overexpression in hamster buccal pouches in the DMBA treatment group and increased p53, serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to significantly stimulate caspase-8 and -3 activities, indicating that RMDE reduced oxidative damage causing by DMBA and induced apoptosis in oral cancer cells. Therefore, RMDE may have therapeutic potentials against OSCC.     

CD147和MMP-2在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的:研究口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)中基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(CD147)和基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)的表达及意义.方法:采用免疫组化SP法对35例口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中CD147和MMP-2的表达及相关性进行分析.结果:CD147和MMP-2在OSCC组织中高表达,阳性表达率分别为65.71％、68.57％;二者...     

TCRP1在口腔鳞癌中介导顺铂耐药的体内实验研究

目的 TCRP1是新近从舌癌耐药细胞系Tca8113/PYM中克隆出来的一个新基因,前期体外实验研究表明TCRP1在口腔鳞癌细胞中能特异地介导对顺铂化疗耐受,本研究将进一步探讨TCRP1在体内实验中介导化疗耐受的作用。方法通过建立TCRP1过/沉默表达裸鼠移植瘤模型,观测TCRP1对化疗药物5-Fu、cDDP的作用敏感性的影响并初步探讨其机制。结果肿瘤生长曲线及肿瘤瘤重结果显示TCRP1能增强裸鼠移植瘤对顺铂的耐药性,而对5-Fu则没有影响。TUNEL检测发现TCRP1高表达的组织中凋亡细胞计数更少。结论 TCRP1是一个新的耐药相关基因,其作用机制与通过增强口腔鳞癌细胞凋亡抗性有关。     

Relationship between soluble MICA and the MICA A5.1 homozygous genotype in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

NK and cytotoxic T cells play an important role in the elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells through NKG2D activating receptors, which can promote the lysis of target cells by binding to the major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) proteins. Polymorphisms in MICA may influence its binding to the NKG2D. The soluble form of MICA is released from the surface of tumor cells of epithelial origin. Whereas MICA expressed on the cell surface stimulates the immunoreceptor natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D), the secreted form down-regulates NKG2D activity, thus allowing the tumor to escape immunosurveillance by NKG2D-expressing cells. In this study, we examined the association between MICA gene microsatellite polymorphisms and serum levels of soluble MICA in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found that patients with OSCC were more likely to have the A5.1 allele when compared to healthy subjects and also more likely to be homozygous for this allele (p = 0.041). Patients with the homozygous A5.1 genotype had higher levels of soluble MICA (p = 0.031) and a lower survival rate (p = 0.026).     

Oral brush biopsy analysis by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry profiling--a pilot study

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) often present as advanced tumours requiring aggressive local and regional therapy and result in significant functional impairment. The objective is to develop pre-symptomatic screening detection of OSCC by a brush biopsy method which is less invasive than the conventional biopsy for histology. Given the molecular heterogeneity of oral cancer, it is unlikely that even a panel of tumour markers would provide accurate diagnosis. Therefore, approaches such as the matrix-assisted-laser-desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) allow several biomarkers or peptide profile patterns to be simultaneously assessed. Brush biopsies from 27 patients with histology-proven OSCCs plus 40 biopsies from 10 healthy controls were collected. MALDI-TOF-MS profiling was performed and additional statistical analysis of the data was used to classify the disease status according to the biological behaviour of the lesion. For classification a support vector machine algorithm was trained using spectra of brush biopsy samples to distinguish healthy control patients from patients with histology-proven OSCC. MALDI-TOF-MS was able to distinguish between healthy patients and OSCC patients with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 93%. In summary, MALDI-TOF-MS in combination with sophisticated bioinformatic methods can distinguish OSCC patients from non-cancer controls with excellent sensitivity and specificity. Further improvement and validation of this approach is necessary to determine its feasibility to assist the pre-symptomatic detection of head and neck cancer screening in routine daily practice.     

紫草素对口腔鳞癌Tca8113细胞增殖与凋亡的作用

目的：研究紫草素对体外培养的口腔鳞癌Tca8113细胞的增殖抑制及诱导凋亡作用。方法：采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法观察紫草素对Tca8113细胞的体外增殖抑制作用;采用光镜、透射电镜、琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术及流式细胞术观察紫草素对Tca8113细胞凋亡的影响。采用SPSS12．0软件包对数据进行单因素方差分析及t检验。结果：MTr检测显示．紫草素在0-50μmol／L浓度范围内。对Tca8113细胞的增殖抑制作用呈现时间依赖性和浓度依赖性（P〈0．01）．电镜下可见典型的细胞核皱缩及凋亡小体,DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察到典型梯状条带,流式细胞仪结果显示亚G1期细胞明显增加,各组细胞凋亡率均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：紫草素对口腔鳞癌Tca8113细胞具有明显的增殖抑制及诱导凋亡作用．可用于口腔鳞癌化学防治的新尝试。     

Evaluation of Role of Visual Inspection Using Acetic Acid (VIA) and Exfoliative Cytology in Screening and Early Detection of Oral Premalignant Lesions and Oral Cancer

Objective: Oral cancer accounts for 50–70% of total cancer mortality. VIA screening has drastically changed the morbidity and mortality related to cervical cancer. In present study, we assessed the role of 5% Acetic Acid as a vital stain in oral mucosa of chronic tobacco chewers, to know if it can help in early diagnosis and improved prognosis of oral malignancies and to assess the sensitivity and specificity of VIA and exfoliative cytology for screening of Oral premalignant and malignant lesions in high risk population with limited health care infrastructure. Methods: This was an outpatient department based prospective study done in a tertiary hospital over a period of two years. 150 cases with a history of chronic tobacco use were evaluated. Visual inspection (VI) followed by VIA using 5% Acetic acid was done. Oral scrapes were taken for cytological examination followed by biopsy for histopathological evaluation, wherever possible. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of VIA and Exfoliative cytology was 71%, 65%, 83%, 48%, 69% and 98%, 65%, 89%, 92%, 88% respectively keeping histology as gold standard. Conclusion: Acetic acid along with exfoliative cytology can be used as simple, cost effective and convenient methods for mass screening of OPMDs and OSCC in high risk population where biopsy is not possible.     

改良和传统肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴结清扫术对口腔鳞癌患者疗效及预后的影响

目的分析改良和传统肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴结清扫术对口腔鳞癌(OSCC)患者的临床疗效和预后情况。方法选取80例确诊为口腔鳞癌患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将所有患者随机分为对照组与试验组,每组40例,试验组给予改良的肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴结清扫术治疗,对照组采用传统的根治性颈淋巴结清扫术,比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、肩功能恢复情况以及生活质量改善程度等指标,分析两种治疗方法的临床疗效。结果试验组的手术时间、术中出血量与对照组相比差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;治疗6个月后,两组患者肩部疼痛均较治疗前有所缓解,肩功能改善情况及生活质量情况优于治疗前且试验组优于治疗组,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05;半年内的生存率和复发率,试验组患者生存率为97.5%,显著高于对照组P<0.05,对照组复发率明显高于试验组P<0.05;比较术后并发症的结果发现试验组并发症的发生率明显低于对照组,P>0.05。结论改良型较传统肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术提升患者肩功能恢复情况以及生活质量情况,增加治疗有效率,减少并发症的发生,为临床治疗口腔鳞癌提供了依据,值得推广。