瑞舒伐他汀联合维生素C对维持性血液透析患者微炎症反应的影响

目的 探讨瑞舒伐他汀联合维生素C对维持性血液透析（MHD）患者微炎症状态的影响.方法 将2010年12月～2013年1月芜湖市第二人民医院肾内科收治的行MHD的42例慢性肾衰竭（CRF）患者按随机数字表格法分为观察组和对照组,每组各21例,两组均给予维生素C进行干预,观察组在对照组用药基础上加用瑞舒伐他汀钙片,检测两组患者血清炎症因子[白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）]、营养指标[前白蛋白（PA）、转铁蛋白（TF）,血清白蛋白（ALB）]、血脂水平[三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）]及肾功能指标[血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Cr）],并评价其心功能[室间隔舒张末厚度（IVST）、左心室重量指数（LVMI）、左心室重量（LVM）].结果 观察组治疗后血清hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平依次为（5.08±0.74）mg/L、（7.71±1.02）ng/L、（1.15±0.11）ng/L,均明显低于对照组相应的（7.02± 1.02）mg/L、（11.61±1.12）ng/L、（1.84±0.15）ng/L,差异有统计学意义（t=7.268、13.254、15.463,均P＜0.05）;TG、TC、LDL-C分别为较对照组明显降低（t=4.191、3.833、6.484,均P＜0.05）,HDL-C较对照组明显升高（t=3.218,P＜0.05）,两组BUN、Cr治疗前后及组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗后观察组患者的LVM、LVMI及IVST指标分别为（160.15±21.42）g、（94.05±20.70）g/m、（9.20±0.32）mm,均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义（t=4.712、3.798、7.660,均P＜0.05）,而对照组治疗前后无明显变化（P＞0.05）.结论 瑞舒伐他汀联合维生素C能有效改善MHD患者微炎症反应及营养状况,保护患者心功能.     

溃疡性结肠炎患者的心理健康状况及个性特征

目的 了解溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者的心理健康状况及个性特征。方法 采用症状自评量表（SCL－90）、Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）及卡特尔16项人格测评问卷（16－PF）调查了46例UC患者并与健康者对照。结果 UC患者SCL－90总分、阳性项目数,阳性症状均分、躯体化、焦虑、恐怖以及SAS、SDS得分均升高。16PF结果：O、Q4因子分及次级人格因子中X1分升高而C、F、Y1分均下降。UC病人抑郁发生率32．6％明显高于健康者。结论 UC病人存在明显的心理健康障碍,主要表现为躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖。同时UC患者存在不良的人格特征：表现为个性同倾、敏感、固执、情绪稳定性差。     

慢性阻塞性肺病血栓前状态的检测及其临床意义

目的:观察交联纤维蛋白二聚体(D-D)含量,探讨凝血及纤溶机能紊乱与慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)发生发展间的关系及临床意义。方法:选择我院ICU及呼吸科住院的慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作期患者25例,缓解期的慢性阻塞性肺病患者24例,及28例健康体检者,空腹安静时抽取肘静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法测定交联纤维蛋白二聚体(D-D)含量。结果:以均数±标准差(x±sd)表示,t检验进行统计学处理。结论:COPD患者急性发作期体内存在凝血及纤溶系统平衡失调,处于血栓前状态。因此,D-D的检测对于COPD的发展及治疗具有重要的临床意义。     

口腔修复门诊老年病人心理特点分析及对策

老年患者占口腔修复科临床接诊病人的很大部分，本文从医学伦理学角度入手对门诊老年病人心理状态进行分析，探讨相应对策，以寻求临床上医患更好地合作。作者的建议主要包括：(1)提高医师自身综合素质。(2)尊重、爱护老年患者，满足老年患者的合理要求。(3)治疗过程中应树立高度的道德责任感与正确的伦理道德观。     

抑郁症患者局部脑功能静息态磁共振成像研究

目的通过静息态功能磁共振成像(rsfMRI)技术和局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)分析方法,探讨抑郁症患者基础状态下自发神经活动特点及脑功能变化。方法选取年龄、性别和文化程度匹配的10例抑郁症患者和13例正常对照组被试,采用DPARSF软件进行静息态功能数据的预处理,计算两组被试全脑的ReHo值。采用SPM5软件对两组全脑ReHo值进行基于体素的组间比较,考察抑郁症患者和正常对照组静息状态脑功能差异。结果与正常对照组相比,抑郁症患者存在涉及顶叶、颞叶和边缘叶等多个认知控制和情绪加工相关脑区的自发神经活动异常,其中右侧丘脑、左侧下顶叶、缘上回、右侧小脑、右侧顶内沟和右侧齿状回表现出功能一致性增强(P<0.01),中脑和右侧后扣带回功能一致性减弱(P<0.01)。结论抑郁症患者存在多个脑区的静息态功能一致性异常,这些区域多与认知控制和情绪加工有关。     

中医药类大学生思想状况调查分析与对策

目的调研当前中医药类大学生的思想状况,为有关部门加强和改进中医药类大学生思想教育工作提供相应的对策。方法对650名学生进行多方位的问卷调查分析。结果学生思想状况主流是积极向上的,但存在一些不容忽视的问题。结论培养学生良好的道德品质、搭建学生心理调适平台等是发展中医药事业的迫切需要。     

An autoregressive linear mixed effects model for the analysis of unequally spaced longitudinal data with dose-modification

The assessment of the dose-response relationship is important but not straightforward when the therapeutic agent is administered repeatedly with dose-modification in each patient and a continuous response is measured repeatedly. We recently proposed an autoregressive linear mixed effects model for such data in which the current response is regressed on the previous response, fixed effects, and random effects. The model represents profiles approaching each patient's asymptote, takes into account the past dose history, and provides a dose-response relationship of the asymptote as a summary measure. In an autoregressive model, intermittent missing data mean the missing values in previous responses as covariates. We previously provided the marginal (unconditional on the previous response) form of the proposed model to deal with intermittent missing data. Irregular timings of dose-modification or measurement can also be treated as equally spaced data with intermittent missing values by selecting an adequately small unit of time. The likelihood is, however, expressed by matrices whose sizes depend on the number of observations for a patient, and the computational burden is large. In this study, we propose a state space form of the autoregressive linear mixed effects model to calculate the marginal likelihood without using large matrices. The regression coefficients of the fixed effects can be concentrated out of the likelihood in this model by the same way of a linear mixed effects model. As an illustration of the approach, we analyzed immunologic data from a clinical trial for multiple sclerosis patients and estimated the dose-response curves for each patient and the population mean.     

内蒙古某市日托幼儿园儿童膳食及营养状况调查

目的了解开展计划膳食后的幼儿园膳食质量及儿童营养与健康状况。方法采用整群抽样方法,对两年计划膳食的日托幼儿园进行调查,同时进行体格检查和血红蛋白的测定。结果热能、铁、硫胺素、尼克酸、抗坏血酸等都达到中国居民膳食推荐摄入量的标准,蛋白质、钙、核黄素摄入不足,午点热能摄入不足。结论应进一步加强对幼儿园膳食营养的指导监督。     

NSF-Based Analysis of the Structural Stressing State of Trussed Steel and a Concrete Box Girder

This paper analyses the characteristics of the mechanical behavior of a trussed steel and concrete box beam under bending conditions based on the structural stressing state theory and the numerical shape function method. Firstly, the parametric generalized strain energy density was introduced to characterize the structural stressing state of trussed steel stud concrete box girders, and the strain energy density sum was plotted. Then the Mann-Kendall criterion was used to discriminate the leap point of the curve change and to redefine the structural failure load. By analyzing the strain and displacement, the existence of a sudden change in the structural response during the load-bearing process was again demonstrated. Afterwards, the numerical shape function method was used to extend the strain data, and further in-depth analyses of strain/stress fields and internal forces were carried out to show in detail the working characteristics of each under load. Through an in-depth analysis from different angles, the rationality of updating the failure load was verified. Finally, the effects of different structure parameters on the evolution of the structural stresses of the members were analyzed in a transversal comparison. The analysis results of the stress state of a steel-concrete truss structure reveal the working behavior characteristics of a steel-concrete truss structure from a new angle, which provides a reference for the design of a steel-concrete truss structure in the future.     

氟伐他汀与拜阿司匹灵对高血压血栓前状态分子标志物的影响

目的观察氟伐他汀与拜阿司匹灵对原发性高血压血栓前状态分子标志物的影响。方法选取80例原发性高血压血栓前状态分子标志物异常病人,随机分成两组。在药物基础降压前提下,治疗组加用氟伐他汀（来适可）40 mg和拜阿斯匹灵0.1 g,每日1次口服;对照组加用拜阿斯匹灵0.1 g,每日1次口服。治疗4周后检测两组病人血浆血栓调节蛋白（TM）、血管性血友病因子（VWF）、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1（PAI-1）的水平,并进行比较。结果两组病人治疗后血浆TM、VWF、PAI-1水平显著下降（t=2.21-3.57,P〈0.05、0.01）,但治疗组下降较对照组更显著（t=3.27-8.47,P〈0.01）。结论氟伐他汀与拜阿司匹灵联合应用能显著降低原发性高血压血栓前状态分子标志物的水平。