经侧裂岛叶入路治疗基底节区脑出血分析

目的:分析经侧裂岛叶入路治疗基底节区脑出血的临床效果。方法:32例基底节脑出血患者,20例行去大骨瓣侧裂岛叶入路血肿清除术(去大骨瓣组),12例行微骨窗侧裂岛叶入路血肿清除术(微骨窗组)。结果:去大骨瓣组72 h内清醒者10例,3～7 d清醒者6例,7～14 d清醒者4例;微骨窗组均于72 h内清醒;术后随访6～11个月,去大骨瓣组轻度残疾7例,重度残疾13例;微骨窗组轻度残疾7例,重度残疾5例。结论:经侧裂岛叶入路治疗基底节区血肿是一个较佳选择,对于术前意识状态相对较好的患者,微骨窗入路微创,术后清醒早,且避免了二次颅骨修补手术。     

海藻酸钙微胶珠的载药性能优化

利用高压静电法制备了海藻酸钙微胶珠,以牛血红蛋白作为模型药物,考察了牛血红蛋白（Hb）的稳定性、制备条件对微胶珠载药的影响。结果表明：Hb在10℃下能稳定存在,1．8％（w／v）Na-Alg与4．5％（w／v）CaCl2制备的微胶珠载药量较大,真空干燥的微胶殊彼此粘连破坏严重,冷冻干燥则表面出现明显的内陷,乙醇梯度洗脱-真空干燥球形度较好。水凝胶态的微胶珠载药后球形度完好,是理想的载药方式,24h时载药量达28．4％,为干燥后的2～3倍。     

A guide to oral vaccination: Highlighting electrospraying as a promising manufacturing technique toward a successful oral vaccine development

Most vaccines approved by regulatory bodies are administered via intramuscular or subcutaneous injections and have shortcomings, such as the risk of needle-associated blood infections, pain and swelling at the injection site. Orally administered vaccines are of interest, as they elicit both systemic and mucosal immunities, in which mucosal immunity would neutralize the mucosa invading pathogen before the onset of an infection. Hence, oral vaccination can eliminate the injection associated adverse effects and enhance the person's compliance. Conventional approaches to manufacturing oral vaccines, such as coacervation, spray drying, and membrane emulsification, tend to alter the structural proteins in vaccines that result from high temperature, organic and toxic solvents during production. Electrohydrodynamic processes, specifically electrospraying, could solve these challenges, as it also modulates antigen release and has a high loading efficiency. This review will highlight the mucosal immunity and biological basis of the gastrointestinal immune system, different oral vaccine delivery approaches, and the application of electrospraying in vaccines development.     

镇静治疗对机械通气患者呼吸动力学影响的评价

目的:通过微量泵输注异丙酚及咪唑地西泮镇静应用于重症监护室(ICU)有创机械通气患者,观察不同镇静程度对患者不断变化的呼吸动力学指标:平均气道峰压:(Ppeak),平均气道压力(Pmean),肺有效动态顺应性(Cdyn)肺阻力(RL),探讨镇静治疗对危重症需有创机械保护性肺通气治疗的相关性。方法:选择21例重症监护室(ICU)有创机械通气患者,采用微量泵输注异丙酚加咪唑地西泮镇静,根据SAS评分系统分兴奋激惹状态、平静合作、镇静状态与深度镇静(包括不能唤醒)四种镇静状态,每个状态记录20 min,每5 min记录一次呼吸机实际监测的呼吸动力学指标。结果:21例患者均能完成实验的全过程,试验过程中呼吸动力学监测的数据通过分析,随着镇静程度加深即兴奋级、平静和合作、镇静状态及与深度镇静(包括不能唤醒),其中各镇静级别4组呼吸动力学指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:随着镇静水平的提高,患者肺动态顺应性和平均气道压均显著下降,但气道峰压、肺阻力无明显改善,达镇静状态后,其两者均无正态线性关系,显非线性关系。     

miR-130b和RUNX3mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究miR-130b和RUNX3mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达,并评价miR-130b对抑癌基因RUNX3表达的影响.方法 用荧光定量PCR技术检测40对胃癌组织及其对应的癌旁正常胃黏膜组织中miR-130b和RUNX3mRNA的表达量;用免疫组织化学SP法检测RUNX3蛋白的表达.结果 胃癌组织中miR-130b的表达显著高于对应的癌旁组织(2.18±3.75)比(2.59±3.45),P＜0.05;而胃癌组织中RUNX3mRNA的表达显著低于对应的癌旁组织(8.76±2.82)比(7.58±2.87),P ＜0.05.miR-130b和RUNX3mRNA的表达与胃癌的淋巴结转移、临床分期有关(P＜0.05),而与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、远处转移、有无浸润周边器官组织无关(均P ＞0.05).miR-130b的表达与RUNX3蛋白的核表达、细胞核+细胞质的表达存在负相关(P＜0.05),而与RUNX3mRNA、RUNX3蛋白的细胞质表达无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 miR-130b和RUNX3mRNA的异常表达与胃癌预后有关;miR-130b可能通过减少RUNX3蛋白的表达水平导致肿瘤的发生.     

Current status of micro/nanomotors in drug delivery

Abstract

Synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are novel, self-propelled nano or microscale devices that are widely used in drug transport, cell stimulation and isolation, bio-imaging, diagnostic and monitoring, sensing, photocatalysis and environmental remediation. Various preparation methods and propulsion mechanisms make MNMs “tailormade” nanosystems for the intended purpose or use. As the one of the newest members of nano carriers, MNMs open a new perspective especially for rapid drug transport and gene delivery. Although there exists limited number of in-vivo studies for drug delivery purposes, existence of in-vitro supportive data strongly encourages researchers to move on in this field and benefit from the manoeuvre capability of these novel systems. In this article, we reviewed the preparation and propulsion mechanisms of nanomotors in various fields with special attention to drug delivery systems.     

小剂量红霉素联合微生态制剂治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的临床价值初评

目的：分析在喂养不耐受早产儿中联合应用小剂量红霉素、微生态制剂的临床治疗效果。方法选取2013年8月-2014年12月该院收治的102例喂养不耐受早产儿,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(采用微生态制剂予以治疗)和研究组(采用小剂量红霉素+微生态制剂予以治疗),每组各51例,比较两组早产儿的治疗效果。结果①研究组早产儿的治疗总有效率为90.33%(47/51),对照组为67.31%(35/51),研究组早产儿的疗效明显高于对照组(P<0.05);②两组早产儿均未见不良反应,安全性好。结论在喂养不耐受早产儿中联合应用小剂量红霉素和微生态制剂,效果显著,且具有良好的安全性,值得推广。     

不同托槽在正畸患者中的应用效果

目的探讨金属网底托槽与微蚀刻底托槽在正畸患者中的应用效果,并对比不同托槽体外粘结强度和最佳粘结时间。方法 120例正畸患者,随机分为金属网底托槽组和微蚀刻底托槽组,每组60例,并于粘结后5min,30min和60min实施结扎,对比患者第一次复诊时托槽的脱落状况。然后收集120颗正畸的第一前磨牙进行体外实验,随机分为A组和B组,每组60颗。采用上述的方法粘结不同的底板,A组粘结金属网底托槽,B组粘结微蚀刻底托槽,每组在不同的时间点实施的抗剪切强度测定(SBS)和粘结剂的残留指数(ARI)检测。结果两组组内随着托槽的粘结时间的延长,在患者第一次复诊时托槽的脱落率具有一定的降低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组之间的托槽脱落率经比较,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。体外实验显示,在一定的时间内,SBS也呈现逐渐增大的趋势,在24h时的粘结的强度最大,与其他的时间点相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组和B组大于0的ARI得分分别有93.3%与88.3%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论金属网底托槽以及微蚀刻底托槽在临床正畸时应用效果差异不大,均可满足正畸需要,医师可在粘结后5min进行力加载。     

In vitro hemopoiesis in human micro long-term bone marrow cultures recharged with either allogeneic,T-cell-depleted allogeneic,or syngeneic bone marrow cells

Summary The production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) and the proliferation period in human long-term bone marrow cultures are inferior to murine cultures. There is also evidence that recharge of the cultures after establishing confluent stromal layers will not greatly improve myelopoiesis. Data in the literature indicate that PHA-responsive T lymphocytes persist for up to 5 weeks in human but not in murine long-term marrow cultures. We therefore analyzed the effects of recharging micro long-term bone marrow cultures with bone marrow cell samples depleted by T lymphocytes. Depletion was performed in a complement-mediated cytotoxicity assay by applying the monoclonal antibody CAMPATH-1. Our data show that regardless of whether T cells were removed only at recharge, at both initiation and recharge, or only at initiation, obvious enhancement could neither be achieved in the GM-CFC production nor in the proliferation period. Furthermore, no advantage was seen when using syngeneic marrow cells. We conclude that in allogeneic long-term marrow cultures hemopoiesis is not limited by immunological incompatibilities.