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31.
Hyun-Mi Kang Eun-Kyoung Lee Byung-Min Song Jipseol Jeong Jun-Gu Choi Joojin Jeong Oun-Kyong Moon Hachung Yoon Youngmi Cho Young-Myong Kang Hee-Soo Lee Youn-Jeong Lee 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(2):298-304
An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, caused by a novel reassortant influenza A (H5N8) virus, occurred among poultry and wild birds in South Korea in 2014. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenesis in and mode of transmission of this virus among domestic and wild ducks. Three of the viruses had similar pathogenicity among infected domestic ducks: the H5N8 viruses were moderately pathogenic (0%–20% mortality rate); in wild mallard ducks, the H5N8 and H5N1 viruses did not cause severe illness or death; viral replication and shedding were greater in H5N8-infected mallards than in H5N1-infected mallards. Identification of H5N8 viruses in birds exposed to infected domestic ducks and mallards indicated that the viruses could spread by contact. We propose active surveillance to support prevention of the spread of this virus among wild birds and poultry, especially domestic ducks. 相似文献
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33.
Hye-Ryoung Kim Yong-Kuk Kwon Il Jang Youn-Jeong Lee Hyun-Mi Kang Eun-Kyoung Lee Byung-Min Song Hee-Soo Lee Yi-Seok Joo Kyung-Hyun Lee Hyun-Kyoung Lee Kang-Hyun Baek You-Chan Bae 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(5):775-780
In January 2014, an outbreak of infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) virus began on a duck farm in South Korea and spread to other poultry farms nearby. During this outbreak, many sick or dead wild birds were found around habitats frequented by migratory birds. To determine the causes of death, we examined 771 wild bird carcasses and identified HPAI A(H5N8) virus in 167. Gross and histologic lesions were observed in pancreas, lung, brain, and kidney of Baikal teals, bean geese, and whooper swans but not mallard ducks. Such lesions are consistent with lethal HPAI A(H5N8) virus infection. However, some HPAI-positive birds had died of gunshot wounds, peritonitis, or agrochemical poisoning rather than virus infection. These findings suggest that susceptibility to HPAI A(H5N8) virus varies among species of migratory birds and that asymptomatic migratory birds could be carriers of this virus. 相似文献
34.
Maimuna S. Majumder Sheryl A. Kluberg Sumiko R. Mekaru John S. Brownstein 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(11):2088-2090
As of July 15, 2015, the South Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare had reported 186 case-patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome in South Korea. For 159 case-patients with known outcomes and complete case histories, we found that older age and preexisting concurrent health conditions were risk factors for death. 相似文献
35.
ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between urinary cotinine and serum vitamin A levels in Korean adults.MethodsA total of 4445 adults (age ≥19 years) participating in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2016 to 2018 were classified by sex and as smokers/electronic cigarette users (SE) or non-smokers (NS). Data were analyzed using complex sample general linear models.ResultsThere were no differences in dietary intake of vitamin A, carotene, or retinol between the SE and NS groups. Adjusted mean serum vitamin A levels were higher in the SE group compared with those in the NS group (0.63 mg/L vs 0.60 mg/L among men; 0.55 mg/L vs 0.51 mg/L among women). Among all participants, urinary cotinine and serum vitamin A levels were positively correlated (R2 = 0.037). However, no correlation was observed in either the SE or NS groups individually. In a model adjusted for age, body mass index, sex, frequency of binge drinking, and dyslipidemia, a stronger correlation was observed (R2 = 0.244).ConclusionIn Korean adults, urinary cotinine levels were positively associated with serum vitamin A levels. Mean serum vitamin A levels were significantly higher in the SE group compared with the NS group. 相似文献
36.
Kye S. Kim Peter M. Kang He Sook N. Kim 《International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, The》2021,23(3):303-317
The extent of viral spread and strategies in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have been different in each
country. There are overall increased mental health concerns in many countries but it is unclear what the general
public individuals who do not have heighten vulnerability to stressors for existing mental diseases or significant
physical illnesses were experiencing during the pandemic. We evaluated the stressors and mental health of general
public in South Korea that has a relatively low confirmed cases and deaths. Responses on the on-line survey questions were used to assess the mental and physical symptoms in association with individuals’ reported stressors.
Individuals with the symptoms of the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were reported in 58.9%, and major
depression (MD) in 23.2%, mostly in minimal to mild degrees, cut-off scores of 5 and 10, respectively by the validated screening tools, GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Both GAD and MD symptoms were in 21.5% of the respondents. The
total number of stress had significant association with the scores of GAD-7, PHQ-9, physical symptoms, sleep
difficulties and resilience (p < 0.01). GAD scores were also associated with sleep difficulties (p < 0.01) and raising
young children (p < 0.05). MD scores were associated with sleep difficulties, job-dissatisfaction, and educational
level (p < 0.05). The limitations of the study include small sample size, usage of smartphone or email, potential
under-reporting by stigma in the socio-cultural context and evolving nature of pandemic. We conclude that keeping careful watch for mental symptoms, stressors, sleep difficulties and other physical symptoms are important
even for the individuals without previous mental illnesses during the pandemic era. 相似文献
37.
Chaeyoun Oh Sanghoon Lee Hye Kyung Chang Soo Min Ahn Kyunghee Chae Sujeong Kim Sukil Kim Jeong-Meen Seo 《Journal of Korean medical science》2021,36(18)
BackgroundIn the past, general surgeons (GSs) without a pediatric surgical subspecialty often performed surgery on children and, even now, GSs are performing many pediatric surgeries. We aimed to investigate the involvement of pediatric surgeons (PSs) and GSs in pediatric surgery, compare the outcomes of surgery in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and estimate the appropriate PS workforce in Korea.MethodsWe used surgical data from the National Health Insurance Service database that was collected from patients under the age of 19 years in hospitals nationwide from January 2002 to December 2017. In this database, we found 37 hospitals where PSs worked by using the index operation (congenital diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, Hirschsprung''s disease, abdominal wall defect, jejunoileal atresia, malrotation, anorectal malformation, and biliary atresia). It was assumed that the surgery in the 37 hospitals was performed by PS and that the surgery in other hospitals was performed by GS. Mortality was analyzed to compare the outcomes of acute abdominal surgery in the NICU. We estimated the number of PS currently needed in Korea for each situation under the assumption that PS would perform all operations for the index operation, main pediatric diseases (index operation + gastroesophageal reflux disease, choledochal cyst, inguinal hernia, and appendicitis), acute abdominal surgery in the NICU, and all pediatric surgeries. Additionally, we estimated the appropriate number of PS required for more advanced pediatric surgery in the future.ResultsThe number of pediatric surgeries from 2002 to 2017 increased by 124%. Approximately 10.25% of the total pediatric surgeries were performed by PSs, and the percentage of the surgery performed by PSs increased from 8.32% in 2002 to 15.92% in 2017. The percentage of index operations performed by PSs annually was 62.44% in average. It was only 47.81% in 2002, and increased to 88.79% in 2017. During the last 5 years of the study period, the average annual number of surgeries for main pediatric diseases was approximately 33,228. The ratio of the number of surgeries performed by PS vs. GS steadily increased in main pediatric diseases, however, the ratio of the number of surgery performed by PS for inguinal hernia and appendicitis remained low in the most recent years. The percentage of the number of acute abdominal surgery performed by PS in the NICU was 44% in 2002, but it had recently risen to 89.7%. After 30 days of birth, mortality was significantly lower in all groups that were operated on by PS, rather than GS, during the last 5 years. In 2019, 49 PSs who were under the age of 65 years were actively working in Korea. Assuming that all pediatric surgeries of the patients under the age of 19 years should be performed by PS, the minimum number of PS currently required was about 63 if they perform all of the index operations, the main pediatric surgery was about 209, the NICU operation was about 63, and the all pediatric surgeries was about 366. Additionally, it was determined that approximately 165 to 206 PS will be appropriate for Korea to implement more advanced pediatric surgery in the future.ConclusionThe proportion of the pediatric surgery performed by PS rather than GS is increasing in Korea, but it is still widely performed by GS. PSs have better operative outcomes for acute abdominal surgery in the NICU than GSs. We believe that at least the index operation or the NICU operation should be performed by PS for better outcome, and that a minimum of 63 PSs are needed in Korea to do so. In addition, approximately 200 PSs will be required in Korea in order to manage main pediatric diseases and to achieve more advanced pediatric surgery in the future. 相似文献
38.
Hee-Jin Kim Yong S. Shim Kee Hyung Park Chan-Nyoung Lee San Jung Soo Jin Yoon Seul-Ki Jeong Jee Hyang Jeong Seong Hye Choi Eun-Joo Kim Jae-Won Jang Kyunghun Kang YoungSoon Yang SangYun Kim 《JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY》2021,17(3):368
Background and PurposeReportedly 30–50% of patients being treated for chronic illnesses do not adhere to their medication regimen. We assessed the impact of a nurse-led education program for caregivers of Korean de novo Alzheimer''s disease patients who had newly been prescribed donepezil.MethodsThis multicenter study analyzed 93 participants in a caregiver education group and 92 participants in a caregiver no-education group. At every visit up to the end of the study (1 year), caregivers in the education group were given educational brochures regarding Alzheimer''s disease and the efficacy and adverse events of donepezil treatment. The primary endpoint was the discontinuation rate of donepezil treatment during the 1-year observation period. The secondary endpoints included the effect of education on compliance with donepezil treatment assessed at each visit using a clinician rating scale (CRS) and visual analog scale (VAS), and changes from baseline in cognitive assessment tests.ResultsThe donepezil discontinuation rates at 1 year were 5.38% (5/93) and 6.52% (6/92) in the caregiver education and no-education groups, respectively (p=0.742). No significant between-group differences in donepezil compliance rates on the CRS and VAS were observed, but significant changes were observed in some cognitive tests from baseline to the end of the study.ConclusionsCaregiver education had no significant effect on treatment discontinuation, but this may have been due to the low severity of cognitive impairment among the included population at baseline. In addition, the low discontinuation rates meant that no significant difference in treatment compliance was observed. 相似文献
39.
ObjectiveThe tripartite model categorizes symptoms of depression and anxiety into three groups: 1) non-specific general distress that is shared between depression and anxiety, 2) depression-specific symptoms that include low positive affect and loss of interest, and 3) anxiety-specific symptoms that include somatic arousal. The Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire (MASQ) was developed to measure these three factors of depression and anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to test the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the MASQ (K-MASQ) in adolescents.MethodsCommunity-dwelling adolescents (n=933) were randomly assigned to two groups. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted in each group to identify the factor structure of the K-MASQ. The reliability and validity of the K-MASQ were also evaluated.ResultsOur results support the three-factor structure of the K-MASQ in adolescents. However, we found that the specific items of each factor differed from those of the original MASQ. That is, the depression-specific factor was only related to low positive affect and not loss of interest, and the anxiety-specific factor included more items related to general somatic symptoms of anxiety. The reliability and validity of the K-MASQ were found to be satisfactory.ConclusionThe K-MASQ supports the tripartite model of depression and anxiety and has satisfactory reliability and validity among Korean adolescents. The K-MASQ can be used to distinguish unique symptoms of depression and anxiety in Korean adolescents. 相似文献
40.