NOD小鼠胸腺细胞TCR介导的信号通路缺陷

目的 进一步研究NOD小鼠T细胞应答改变机理。方法 用抗TCR抗体、ConA激活NOD小鼠胸腺细胞，分析TCR介导的信号通路的水平。结果 与Balb／c小鼠胸腺细胞相比，抗TCR抗体诱导的增殖应答较弱，与年龄及NOD胸腺CD4^ CD8^-和CD4^-CD8^ SP细胞有关；rIL-2能部分恢复对TCR抗体应答的缺乏。NOD小鼠对PMA IONO和PMA anti—TCR-mAb应答正常，但对anti-TCRmAb IONO应答缺乏。结论 与年龄有关的NOD小鼠胸腺细胞对TCR抗体应答的缺乏与T细胞激活时上游PKC信号通路的缺乏有关。     

Antibodies against rabbit red blood cells in murine serum and their effect on the activity of complement alternative pathway

Antibody content against rabbit red blood cells (anti-RaRBC) in murine sera of different strains (Swiss, CBA, C57BL/6, AKR, BALB/c) and activity of complement alternative pathway (AP) were investigated. In contrast to the CBA and C57BL/6, random-bred Swiss strain and inbred BALB/c and AKR strains are good producers of these natural antibodies. There is no correlation between AP activity and anti-RaRBC content. Isolated human anti-RaRBC antibodies, IgM and IgG classes, lead to the enhancement of APhu and APmo activity, contrary to the murine anti-RaRBC which belong solely to IgM class, and do not express this capability.     

Sonic Hedgehog蛋白在帕金森病模型大鼠黑质中的表达

目的检测Sonic Hedgehog蛋白(Shh)在帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)大鼠中脑黑质的表达。方法将健康SD大鼠(雌雄不拘)随机分成3组:正常组大鼠不实施任何处理;应用脑立体定位技术,在大鼠右侧纹状体两针道内4点定位注射含0.2g/L抗坏血酸的生理盐水4μL(假手术组)或6-羟基多巴(6-OHDA)12μg/4μL(模型组)。术后1、2、4、6周以阿朴吗啡检测其异常旋转行为,左侧旋转的圈数大于7r/min者为合格的帕金森病模型大鼠。6周后在激光共聚焦显微镜下观察黑质Shh及酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)的免疫荧光双重染色结果,用Leica Confocal Software对Shh的荧光强度进行定量分析。结果Shh蛋白在正常对照组和假手术组大鼠中脑黑质中无明显表达,而在模型组表达显著。结论PD模型大鼠黑质中Shh蛋白的明显表达,提示Shh在PD模型大鼠中脑多巴胺能神经元(DA神经元)修复过程中可能发挥着一定的作用。     

兔股动脉粥样硬化斑块模型中TF及TFPI的变化

目的： 观察兔股动脉粥样硬化斑块发展过程中斑块内组织因子（TF）及组织因子途经抑制物-1（TFPI-1）、组织因子途经抑制物-2（TFPI-2）的变化。方法： 新西兰雄兔通过高脂饲养合并股动脉球囊损伤建立动脉粥样硬化斑块模型。在建模8周、10周和12周，分别截取球囊损伤处股动脉标本，检测斑块组织内TF、TFPI-1和TFPI-2的蛋白表达；并测定斑块内TF、TFPI-1和TFPI-2的mRNA水平。结果： 自8周、10周到12周，血管斑块中TF、TFPI-1和TFPI-2的观测区域内阳性染色面积均逐渐增加。自8周、10周到12周，血管斑块中TF的mRNA水平和TFPI-1的mRNA水平均逐渐增加；TFPI-2mRNA表现为前期无明显变化，12周时显著下调。结论： 在兔股动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成过程中，随着斑块内TF基因及蛋白表达的增加,TFPI-1和TFPI-2反应性表达增加，但其表达水平未能完全抑制斑块的进展。     

miR-29b介导的TGF-β/Smad信号通路对大鼠肝纤维化进程的影响

目的:初步研究微小RNA-29b(mi R-29b)介导的TGF-β/Smad信号通路在肝星状细胞(HSC)活化中的作用及其对大鼠肝纤维化进程的影响。方法:构建肝纤维化大鼠模型并分离其HSC,同时通过体外获取并鉴定正常大鼠HSC。运用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测以上获取细胞中mi R-29b、TGF-β/Smad信号通路相关蛋白和肝纤维化标志蛋白的变化水平,并通过双萤光素酶报告基因检测系统鉴定mi R-29b对TGF-β1的直接靶向结合情况。结果:随着HSC活化加深,mi R-29b的表达量逐渐减少(P 0. 01),而HSC活性标志物I型胶原蛋白和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达量逐渐增加(P 0. 01)。在TGF-β/Smad信号通路中,Smad2/3/4的表达显著增加,而Smad7的表达明显下降(P 0. 01)。双萤光素酶报告基因检测结果显示,mi R-29b可直接结合于TGF-β1 3’UTR的"UCUCUCCGU"序列,表明TGF-β1为mi R-29b的一个下游靶基因。结论:mi R-29b可参与抑制HSC的活化和迁移,进而抑制肝纤维化进程,而其生物学功能可能是通过直接靶向抑制TGF-β1进而调控TGF-β/Smad信号通路实现的。     

External oxidation pathway in nerve tissue

Institute of Pharmacology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. V. Val'dman.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 107, No. 4, pp. 431–433, April, 1989.     

NM23基因相关信号通路在肿瘤转移中作用机制的研究进展

浸润和转移是恶性肿瘤的重要特征,也给肿瘤的治疗带来困难,是预后不良的重要因素.转移抑制因子23(non-metastasis,NM23)基因是最早发现的抗肿瘤转移基因之一.现在已经发现NM23是一个基因家族,包括NM23-H1、NM23-H2等重要的基因家族成员.研究表明NM23基因表达与实体瘤转移抑制有关,在很多实体瘤中可以作为进展和预后的分子标记.随着对NM23基因调控肿瘤转移的分子机制的研究的进一步开展,已经发现了一些NM23肿瘤转移抑制通路上下游的相关调控分子,为进一步的信号通路研究创造了条件.本文概述了近年来对NM23基因转移抑制通路研究的新近展,提出了以后可能的研究方向和需要解决的关键问题.     

Peripheral blood flows during colorectal distension in anaesthetised dogs

Distension of the descending colon elicits reflex cardiovascular responses, including increases in heart rate and arterial blood pressure. To study the relative contribution of vasoconstriction in individual vascular beds to this reflex response, experiments were performed on seven dogs anaesthetised with chloralose and instrumented with electromagnetic flowmeters around the superior mesenteric, the left renal and the left external iliac arteries. The colorectal portion of the intestine was distended at constant pressure (36.6 mm Hg, 4.9 kPa mean; range 25–50 mm Hg, 3.3–6.7 kPa) with warm Ringer solution for periods of 2 min. After a set of control distensions, the experiments were performed whilst the reflex rise in arterial pressure was prevented by removal of blood from the arterial tree. In control distensions arterial pressure increased by 11.3±1.5 mm Hg, 1.51±0.12 kPa (mean±SEM). In distensions at constant arterial pressure, peripheral blood flows were altered to different extents in the three territories studied: vascular resistance increased by 30.8±5.6% (P<0.01) in the mesenteric, by 4.1±1.5% (P<0.03) in the renal, and by 15.2±6.8% (NS) in the external iliac bed. We conclude that colorectal distension may reflect activation of a function-specific pathway of the sympathetic nervous system, which leads to much greater vasoconstriction in the splanchnic circulation than in renal or musculocutaneous circulations.     

The renal cell carcinoma lysis by a specific cytotoxic T cell clone is independent of the Fas/Fas-L cytotoxic pathway

The expression of Fas antigen at the surface of renal cell carcinoma and the susceptibility to Fas-mediated lysis by a tumor specific CTL clone were investigated. Renal cell carcinoma cell lines expressed Fas antigen and were susceptible to apoptosis mediated by antibodies to Fas/APO1. Using RT-PCR, we further showed that these cell lines expressed mRNA for Fas deleted transmembrane region, corresponding to a soluble form of Fas/APO-1. To investigate the role of the Fas/FasL pathway in the cytotoxic response against RCC cells, we analyzed the induction of Fas-L on a tumor specific T cell clone (CTL 8C2), previously generated against one RCC cell line. Fas-L expression on CTL 8C2 was detected by RT-PCR after stimulation with autologous tumor cells. However, the cytotoxic activity of CTL 8C2 was completely abolished when EGTA was added, suggesting that the cytolysis was mainly mediated by a Ca++-dependent pathway, perforin/granzyme-based.     

NM23基因相关信号通路在肿瘤转移中作用机制的研究进展

浸润和转移是恶性肿瘤的重要特征,也给肿瘤的治疗带来困难,是预后不良的重要因素.转移抑制因子23(non-metastasis,NM23)基因是最早发现的抗肿瘤转移基因之一.现在已经发现NM23是一个基因家族,包括NM23-H1、NM23-H2等重要的基因家族成员.研究表明NM23基因表达与实体瘤转移抑制有关,在很多实体瘤中可以作为进展和预后的分子标记.随着对NM23基因调控肿瘤转移的分子机制的研究的进一步开展,已经发现了一些NM23肿瘤转移抑制通路上下游的相关调控分子,为进一步的信号通路研究创造了条件.本文概述了近年来对NM23基因转移抑制通路研究的新近展,提出了以后可能的研究方向和需要解决的关键问题.