Prevalence of skin diseases among male adolescent and post-adolescent boarding school students in Turkey

Skin disease is a common problem in boarding schools and may account for significant morbidity. To document the prevalence and patterns of skin diseases among male adolescent and post-adolescent boarding school residents, a cross-sectional epidemiologic survey was performed. A total of 682 students were examined for evidence of any skin disease, and subjects with skin disease(s) were also asked to fill in a questionnaire. Of the study population, 378 (55.42%) had at least one skin disease. The most prevalent diseases were tinea pedis (32.5%), acne vulgaris (28.6%), onychomycosis (8.06%), androgenetic alopecia (5.6%), common warts (5.3%), unguium incarnatus (4.1%), irritant hand dermatitis (3.6%), foot callosities (3.6%), and pitted keratolysis (2.6%). Of those with skin problem(s), 245 (65%) were not aware of their disease(s) and 45% of the remaining 133 subjects who were aware of their disease(s) had not sought medical help. We concluded that skin diseases, especially foot problems, are very common among male boarding school students. In additional to monitoring the epidemiology of skin diseases, intermittent medical education programs for both health-care workers and residents living in these communities would be useful for enhancing knowledge of available and effective treatments and implementing appropriate preventive measures.     

Long‐term effect of rituximab in maintaining remission of recurrent and plasmapheresis‐dependent nephrotic syndrome post‐renal transplantation – Case report

Grenda R, Jarmu?ek W, Pi?tosa B, Rubik J. Long‐term effect of rituximab in maintaining remission of recurrent and plasmapheresis‐dependent nephrotic syndrome post‐renal transplantation – Case report.
Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: E121–E125. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Early recurrence of nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation is a common serious adverse event in children with severe primary FSGS, affecting long‐term outcome. There is no consensus in terms of uniform management in these cases. We describe the long‐term effect of four unadjusted doses of 375 mg/m² i.v. rituximab, given to a five and a half‐yr‐old, nephrectomized child with immediate recurrence of nephrotic syndrome post‐transplantation and dependency from repeated PF. Rituximab was introduced at three months post‐transplantation after performing 18 sessions of PF and development of established dependency of the disease from plasma exchange. Complete remission of proteinuria was achieved with four doses, and it was maintained during next eight months of follow‐up. Complete B CD₁₉ cell depletion was observed during four months after final dose, followed by severe depletion after eight months. No side effects of therapy were noted. Patient was free from PF, which was stopped while introducing rituximab, remaining non‐proteinuric on triple immunosuppression (CsA, MMF, Pred).     

脑梗死患者磁共振扩散张量纤维束成像的随访研究

目的应用磁共振扩散张量纤维束成像(DTT)研究梗死灶与皮质脊髓束的空间关系,并随访观察受损纤维束的功能重组与代偿情况,探讨DTT技术对预测患者运动功能转归的价值。方法选择左侧内囊周围区脑梗死患者19例,分别于发病7、30、90天进行磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI)检查,应用DTT技术进行皮质脊髓束三维重建,采用FuglMeyer量表评价患者的运动功能,分析脑梗死灶及皮质脊髓束受累程度与患者运动功能恢复的关系。结果 DTT显示19例左侧内囊周围区梗死患者,根据患侧皮质脊髓束受累情况分为3型,I型5例,皮质脊髓束位于梗死灶外,FM评分96.46±7.68;II型6例,皮质脊髓束部分位于梗死灶内,但受侵范围1/3;或受压、迂曲、推移改变,FM评分94.20±6.84;III型8例,皮质脊髓束1/3位于梗死灶内,FM评分82.37±22.14。19例患者发病7天,皮质脊髓束损伤分型与FM评分呈显著负相关(r=-0.490,P=0.033)。DTT对患者皮质脊髓束的动态观察显示,8例III型患者中4例90天皮质脊髓束显示良好,患者运动功能完全恢复;2例患者皮质脊髓束自身发生再生修复,90天后仅遗留部分运动功能障碍;2例未发现纤维再生修复,90天仍遗留严重运动功能障碍。结论 DTT能够直观显示脑梗死患者的皮质脊髓束受累程度及其动态变化,对评价其运动功能恢复提供重要的客观影像学依据。     

Chimeric ALT Plus TFL Perforator Flap for Breast Reconstruction Post Radical Mastectomy with Large Skin Defect

A 17-year-old girl with large malignant phyllodes tumor of left breast underwent a radical mastectomy with large skin excision resulting in defect of 20 cm × 18 cm. Postoperative radiation therapy necessitated robust cover with flap. The challenge was compounded by her body habitus. Both abdomen and back were deficient as donor sites and a single-island anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap would need skin grafts, volume deficit withstanding. We harvested chimeric ALT plus tensor fascia lata (TFL) perforator free flap sparing all muscles and nerves. Microvascular anastomoses were done to the second internal mammary artery (IMA) perforator artery and vein. The donor site was closed primarily. The TFL flap territory recruited almost three times the volume of ALT territory and allowed us to create a matching breast mound in addition to covering the defect. She tolerated 40 Gy radiation well and doesn’t desire further augmentation. Consistency of ALT and TFL perforators makes this a replicable procedure.     

国医大师王庆国辨治新型冠状病毒感染后失眠经验探讨

新型冠状病毒感染后失眠是在核酸转阴后持续存在的一种以失眠为主要症状的疾病。王庆国教授通过大量的临床观察和总结,认为新型冠状病毒感染后失眠的核心病机为“太少不和,营卫失调”,故而从枢机、营卫入手予以柴胡桂枝汤加减,配合单药、对药或角药燮理阴阳,每获良效。文章从病、证、方、药的角度总结王教授临证经验,并附典型医案以飨同道。     

马应龙麝香痔疮膏联合光子治疗仪局部照射对混合痔术后患者创面愈合作用的研究

目的探讨马应龙麝香痔疮膏联合光子治疗仪局部照射治疗对混合痔术后患者创面愈合的影响。方法将190例混合痔术后患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各95例。对照组于术后第1日起常规换药后创面涂抹马应龙麝香痔疮膏,治疗组加用光子治疗仪对术后创面进行局部照射,观察2组患者术后疼痛、创缘水肿、创面愈合情况。结果治疗组患者术后7日基本无疼痛或轻度疼痛90例,创缘水肿完全消退82例,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗组患者术后创面愈合时间明显短于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论马应龙麝香痔疮膏联合光子治疗仪局部照射治疗可明显缓解混合痔术后患者局部疼痛,减轻创缘水肿,明显促进创面愈合。     

A rare case of primary cutaneous plasmacytoma-like lymphoproliferative disorder following renal transplantation

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a lymphoid proliferation that develops as a complication of solid organ or bone marrow transplants. PTLD limited to the skin is very rare. Plasmacytoma-like PTLD is an uncommon variant of monomorphic PTLD. Its presentation in the skin is extraordinary with very few cases reported in the literature. We report a new case of plasmacytoma-like PTLD presenting as multiple skin nodules on the leg of a 74-year-old kidney transplant recipient. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination of one nodule revealed atypical plasmacytoid and plasmablastic cells that showed kappa light chain restriction and stained positive for CD138. Staging investigations excluded extracutaneous manifestations of the disease. This case is unusual for several reasons including involvement limited to the skin, plasmacytoid phenotype of the tumor, presentation 18 years following transplantation and Epstein-Barr virus negativity.     

Biological correlates of post-stroke fatigue: a systematic review

Fatigue is a common and disabling consequence of stroke. Its mechanisms are unknown. Neuroanatomical abnormalities (e.g. white matter lesions, brain atrophy), neuroendocrine dysregulation, neurotransmitter changes and inflammation are associated with fatigue in conditions other than stroke. This review sought to identify published studies describing associations between post-stroke fatigue and these biological factors. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and AMED on October 15 and PubMed on 28 December 2010 and included studies in English that recruited at least 10 patients (>18 years old) with stroke, assessed fatigue and reported its relationship with neuroanatomical abnormalities, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, neurotransmitter changes or inflammation. Of 4916 citations from the searches, 17 studies met our inclusion criteria. There was no association between white matter lesions, brain atrophy or pathological type of stroke and fatigue (seven studies, n = 4746). The data on relationship between lesion location and fatigue were inconclusive: four (n = 675) of 13 studies (n = 1613) showed associations between fatigue and infratentorial lesion location (brainstem in particular) or basal ganglia stroke. One study reported C-reactive protein levels and found an association with fatigue. No studies reported hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation or neurotransmitter changes and fatigue. We could not perform meta-analysis because the studies used different methods of fatigue assessment, examined different populations and had different designs. The biological mechanisms of post-stroke fatigue are uncertain. Further studies are required to determine the relationship between post-stroke fatigue and biological factors.