中西医联合便携式能量代谢检测仪检测对慢阻肺患者营养支持治疗的临床指导价值

目的探讨中西医联合便携式能量代谢检测仪监测慢阻肺患者的能量代谢对营养支持治疗的指导作用。方法选取2016年6月～2018年6月期间我院ICU收治的180例慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)急性加重患者作为观察对象,通过计算机随机分配原则将其分为研究组(便携式能量代谢监测仪组)、对照1组(传统热卡公式组)、对照2组(经验估算组),各60例。各组均给予营养治疗,营养治疗制剂完全相同,研究组通过便携式能量代谢监测仪评估COPD患者每日热卡消耗的情况,对照1组采用热卡公式来计算COPD患者的热卡消耗,对照2组采用经验估算法来计算COPD患者的热卡消耗;比较三组患者的营养监测指标以及预后相关指标。结果 (1)治疗前,各组的各项营养指标之间均无明显差异(P0.05);治疗后,三组的各项营养指标均得到明显改善(P0.05);其中研究组的各项营养指标均高于其他两组(P0.05);(2)研究组的平均住院时间,平均机械通气时间、每日治疗费用、APACHEⅡ评分与病死率均明显低于其他两组(P0.05)。结论中西医联合便携式能量代谢检测仪在慢阻肺患者能量代谢监测中的准确性高,能够为营养支持治疗提供可靠依据,提高患者的营养治疗效果,改善预后。     

Evaluation of the effectiveness of Er: YAG laser and calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamine) prophylaxis paste on remineralization of incipient enamel lesions in primary teeth: An in-vitro study

AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the potential remineralization effect of Novamine and Er:YAG laser on artificial enamel lesions in primary teeth.Materials and methodsIn this in vitro study, 30 sound buccal and lingual surfaces of human primary canines were randomly divided (6 per group) into 5 groups (Novamine, Laser, Novamine+ Laser, Positive control, and a negative control). Remineralization agents were applied for 1 min to teeth using a rubber cup after creating artificially demineralised lesions. EDX analysis was performed to evaluate the Ca/P ratio and take Scanning electron microscope images.ResultsData were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis analysis. Ca/P ratio was higher in all 4 groups than the negative control group, and higher in Novamine+ Laser group than the positive control group with a statistically significant difference between groups. Overall Ca/P ratio was found to be highest in the Novamine group followed by the laser then positive control group. There were no significant differences between groups regard to Ca/P Ratios.ConclusionBased on these result Er:YAG laser combined with Novamine was provided the greatest contribution to remineralization process of primary teeth.     

Associations between energy drink consumption and alcohol use among college students

Introduction: The aims of our study are to research the general features of energy drink consumption among college students, the association between energy drink consumption and alcohol use while controlling for demographic attributes and general risk taking propensity. Methods: The study was carried out using data collected from 2,632 college students at Trakya University (Edirne, Turkey). The study data were obtained from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Addiction Profile Index, Energy Drink Consumption Data Form, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale. Results: Of all the students, 59.9% had used energy drinks within the last year and 26.4% had used energy drinks within the last 1 month. Of the subjects who used energy drinks within the last month, 26.1% had high consumption frequency (≥6 days/month). Energy drink consumption within the last year and last month predicted alcohol use within the last year and last month, binge drinking, and hazardous/harmful alcohol use in the logistic regression analysis. In addition, the high energy drink consumption frequency predicted hazardous/harmful alcohol use. Discussion: The association between energy drink consumption and alcohol use, independent from other variables related to alcohol use, highlights the importance of raising awareness among college students.     

基于多维质谱“鸟枪法”脂质组学技术研究“上火”患者血浆脂质组学

目的:利用脂质组学的方法探讨“上火”发生的机制.方法:利用多维质谱“鸟枪法”脂质组学技术(MDMS-SL)完成了93例各类“上火”患者以及37名正常人群血浆中多种脂质分子的定性定量分析,其中“上火”患者中36例以口腔溃疡为主要表现,32例以干眼为主要表现,25例以牙龈炎主要表现.结果:与正常人群比较, “上火”人群血浆...     

Heart rate recorder

We describe the design of an instrument that can acquire and store the average heart rate of a subject over 256 time intervals of predetermined length (1 or 6 min) during normal daily activities. The instrument consists of two units: a portable recorder, worn by the patient, detects and counts heart beats, and stores their average in memory, and a display later retrieves the contents of that memory. C.M.O.S. technology and programmable operational amplifiers resulted in low power consumption (20 mW). The results obtained from this instrument were accurate to about 1 beat/min compared with Holter monitoring and telemetry.     

Mechanical step variability during treadmill running

The present study was designed to study intra-individual step variability measured both on vertical displacement of the body (Z) and on step time (t) parameters by means of a kinematic arm and during treadmill running. A group of 17 subjects ran successively at 60%, 80%, 100% and 140% of their maximal aerobic velocity (v _amax). The total number of steps analysed was 6116. The absolute Z step variability (Z) ranged between 5 mm and 21 mm while the absolute t variability (t) ranged between 6 ms and 40 ms. Step variabilities were due to step asymmetry (from 38.5% to 48.5% of the step variability) and to stride variability. For submaximal velocities (60%, 80%, and 100%v _amax) both t and Z were independent of velocity or body dimensions whereas differences between subjects were significant (P < 0.01) for Z. On the other hand, variabilities were significantly increased when velocity was changed from submaximal to the 140%v _amax level. Furthermore, at submaximal levels Z was linked to the subject's energy cost of running (P < 0.05). Therefore, the intra-individual step variability should not be neglected in future studies on mechanical efficiency of running and it is suggested that, to obtain a good accuracy (better than 1%,P < 0.05) on mean value and variability of the mechanical parameters, measurements should be performed on at least 32–64 consecutive steps, which corresponds to about 15 to 20 s of running.     

Genetic variation in UCP2 (uncoupling protein-2) is associated with energy metabolism in Pima Indians

Aims/hypothesis Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is thought to play a role in insulin secretion and the development of obesity. In this study, we investigated the effects of genetic variation in UCP2 on type 2 diabetes and obesity, as well as on metabolic phenotypes related to these diseases, in Pima Indians.Methods The coding and untranslated regions of UCP2, and approximately 1 kb of the 5 upstream region, were sequenced in DNA samples taken from 83 extremely obese Pima Indians who were not first-degree relatives.Results Five variants were identified: (1) a –866G/A in the 5 upstream region; (2) a G/A in exon 2; (3) a C/T resulting in an Ala55Val substitution in exon 4; and (4, 5) two insertion/deletions (ins/del; 45-bp and 3-bp) in the 3 untranslated region. Among the 83 subjects whose DNA was sequenced, the –866G/A was in complete genotypic concordance with the Ala55Val and the 3-bp ins/del polymorphism. The G/A polymorphism in exon 2 was extremely rare. To capture the common variation in this gene for association analyses, the –866G/A variant (as a representative of Ala55Val and the 3-bp ins/del polymorphism) and the 45-bp ins/del were also genotyped for 864 full-blooded Pima Indians. Neither of these variants was associated with type 2 diabetes or body mass index. However, in a subgroup of 185 subjects who had undergone detailed metabolic measurements, these variants were associated with 24-h energy expenditure as measured in a human metabolic chamber (p=0.007 for the 45-bp ins/del and p=0.03 for the –866G/A after adjusting for age, sex, family membership, fat-free mass and fat mass).Conclusions/interpretation Our data indicate that variation in UCP2 may play a role in energy metabolism, but this gene does not contribute significantly to the aetiology of type 2 diabetes and/or obesity in Pima Indians.