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141.
Naohiko Okamoto Seiji Aruga Kyoichi Tomita Takumi Takeuchi Tadaichi Kitamura 《International journal of urology》2007,14(1):60-66
OBJECTIVE: Although hypercalciuria, a well-established adverse effect of vitamin D3, can be a risk factor of renal stone formation, the risk of nephrolithiasis has not been well defined. The consumption of a diet high in acid precursors is often cited as a risk factor for the development of calcium-based kidney stones. In the present study, we investigated the effect of chronic acid ingestion on kidney stone formation in rats treated with calcitriol (1-25[OH]2 D3). METHODS: Control rats (C-C), calcitriol-treated rats (C-V; three treatments of 0.5 microg of calcitriol per week) and acid-ingested (water containing 0.21 mol/L NH4Cl), calcitriol-treated (three treatments of 0.5 microg of calcitriol per week) rats (A-V) were fed in metabolic cages. After 1 month, urine, blood, kidney and bone samples were analyzed. RESULTS: The A-V rats exhibited elevated serum calcium concentrations, urinary calcium and phosphate excretion, urinary type I collagen cross-linked N-peptide (NTx)/creatinine values, mRNA expression of osteopontin in the kidney, and renal calcium contents as well as decreased bone mineral densities, compared with the C-C and C-V rats. Urinary citrate excretion was lower and NaDC-1 mRNA expression in the kidney was higher in the A-V rats than in the C-C and C-V rats. Calcium phosphate kidney stones were found in the A-V rats. CONCLUSIONS: The ingestion of NH4Cl, an acid precursor, promotes calcium phosphate kidney stone formation in calcitriol-treated rats. The chronic intake of a diet rich in acid precursors may be a risk factor for the development of kidney stones in subjects who are being treated with calcitriol. 相似文献
142.
143.
Marlene S. See M. R. Foxton N. A. Miedzianowski-Sinclair C. E. Roberts C. Nduka 《European journal of plastic surgery》2007,29(8):387-393
The nasolabial fold is a significant facial landmark. Its size, shape, and symmetry are important in facial reanimation surgery,
while effacement is an important goal in rejuvenation surgery. However, quantitative data for the nasolabial fold volume (NLFV)
and depth is still unavailable. We present a new method of measurement using 3D color speckle stereophotogrammetry and its
application in the assessment of NLFV. The VECTRA-3D system was validated to determine its minimum resolution and accuracy.
Normal volunteers aged 13–84 years (n = 87) were imaged in repose. Mother–daughter pairs (n = 15, aged 13–61) were imaged in the upright and supine positions. All data were processed using custom software and analyzed
by linear regression and nonparametric tests as appropriate. NLFV varied from 0.0026 to 0.2306 ml. There was significant correlation
between NLFV and age (r = 0.7269, p < 0.0001). Men had significantly higher NLFV than women across all ages. There was no significant difference between the
left and right NLFV. NLFV altered significantly from upright to supine in all subjects (p = 0.0012). However, the mothers increased their NLFV by 32% from supine to upright postures, which was a greater change than
observed in their daughters. We have demonstrated a rapid, objective, and non-invasive assessment tool for facial reanimation
and rejuvenation surgery. We have quantified the effects of age and posture on NLFV, and the efficacy and longevity of rejuvenation
procedures are currently under investigation. 相似文献
144.
F Celi V Bini F Papi E Santilli M S Castellani A Ferretti M Mencacci M G Berioli G De Giorgi A Falorni 《Diabetic medicine》2006,23(6):660-665
AIM: To determine the influence of Type 1 diabetes mellitus on circulating adipocytokines in children. METHODS: The circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, resistin and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were measured in 91 children, aged 11.1 +/- 2.7 years, with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Ninety-one healthy children were selected as control subjects. RESULTS: Body mass index-adjusted leptin concentrations were higher in the pubertal diabetic children compared with the control children. There was a significant positive correlation between leptin and daily insulin dose in the diabetic group. Circulating adiponectin concentrations were higher in the prepubertal diabetic children and were positively associated with HbA(1c). Resistin concentrations were lower in the prepubertal non-diabetic subjects compared with the pubertal non-diabetic children, whose values were higher than those of the diabetic children. TNF-alpha concentrations were similar in non-diabetic and diabetic children. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating concentrations of adipocytokines are abnormal in Type 1 diabetic children, although the direction of change differs by cytokine. Pubertal development, in addition to insulin treatment and glycaemic control, also influences the concentrations. 相似文献
145.
146.
K. OKAMURA I. KOBAYASHI K. MATSUO T. KIYOSHIMA K. YAMAMOTO A. MIYOSHI & H. SAKAI 《Histopathology》1997,31(6):540-548
Aims:
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between immunohistochemical localization of cathepsin D (CD), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in 65 cases of breast carcinoma in Japanese women and traditional prognostic factors such as histological grade, lymph node status, mitotic rate and clinical stage, in order to possibly identify some indicator(s) that may be specifically associated with prognosis.
Methods and results:
Serial sections of 5-μm thick were cut from the archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, and processed for CD, PCNA and EGF-R immunostaining. The results were analysed by computer-based image analysis system. All samples showed a positive immunoreaction for cathepsin D in both the parenchyma and stroma. However, the staining area and intensity varied from cell to cell in the parenchyma and stroma as well as among samples. Subsequently, the evaluation of immunostaining for CD was separately performed in both the parenchyma and stroma (CDpar and CDstr, respectively) and the combination of both components (CDtotal). PCNA and EGF-R showed positive immunostaining almost exclusively in the parenchymal component of the carcinoma tissue specimens. CDtotal significantly correlated with the histological grade, PCNA index (PI), mitotic rate (MR), EGF-R and lymph node metastasis. Significant correlation was also demonstrated between CDpar and the histological grade, EGF-R and lymph node metastasis, or between CDstr and MR, EGF-R and lymph node metastasis. EGF-R correlated highly with the histological grade, MR score, lymph node metastases and recurrence-free survival.
Conclusions:
Both the CD parameters and EGF-R are valuable indicators for predicting the biological behaviour of human breast carcinoma. 相似文献
147.
148.
149.
静脉预注H1,H2受体阻滞药对减轻鱼精蛋白副作用的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
将30例ASD、VSD患者随机分为对照与预防用药两组,对比观察H1、H2受体阻滞药苯海拉明、西米替丁对减轻鱼精蛋白副作用的效果和应用鱼精蛋白后补体C3、C4、CH50浓度变化。结果发现预防用药组血液动力学变化明显小于对照组,两组之间差异显著(P<0.01)。应用鱼精蛋白后C3、C4、CH50均下降,与用药前相比差异显著(P<0.01)。提示鱼精蛋白中和肝素可引起补体激活、组胺释放,H1、H2受体阻滞药能够减轻鱼精蛋白引起的血压下降。 相似文献
150.
The discovery of an inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) requires a refinement of the theory that inhibition of cyclooxygenase
activity is responsible for both therapeutic and side-effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Pharmacological
results with developmental compounds suggest that COX-2 is the relevant target for the therapeutic (i.e. anti-inflammatory)
effects of NSAIDs, whereas gastric and renal side-effects are related to inhibition of constitutive COX-1. However a role
of COX-1 in inflammation cannot be excluded. Furthermore, more research effort is needed to investigate the functional relevance
of COX-2 in normal tissue. 相似文献