载万古霉素-PDLLA内植物的生物学安全性评估

检测载万古霉素-PDLLA(聚-DL-乳酸)内植物的生物安全性.以PDLLA为载体,采用溶剂浇铸技术,在钛合金板基体表面制备了携载万古霉素的PDLLA抗感染涂层,参考医疗器械生物学评价标准,通过全身急性毒性试验,热原试验,溶血试验等来检测其生物相容性.结果表明:载万古霉素-PDLLA内植物各项生物学指标均合格,其组织相容性、血液相容性良好,无全身毒性和细胞毒性,对皮肤无刺激作用,对机体组织无潜在的致敏性,没有致突变作用.说明载万古霉素-PDLLA内植物具有良好的生物相容性.     

Inhalation exposure during spray application and subsequent sanding of a wood sealant containing zinc oxide nanoparticles

Nano-enabled construction products have entered into commerce. There are concerns about the safety of manufactured nanomaterials, and exposure assessments are needed for a more complete understanding of risk. This study assessed potential inhalation exposure to ZnO nanoparticles during spray application and power sanding of a commercially available wood sealant and evaluated the effectiveness of local exhaust ventilation in reducing exposure. A tradesperson performed the spraying and sanding inside an environmentally-controlled chamber. Dust control methods during sanding were compared. Filter-based sampling, electron microscopy, and real-time particle counters provided measures of exposure. Airborne nanoparticles above background levels were detected by particle counters for all exposure scenarios. Nanoparticle number concentrations and particle size distributions were similar for sanding of treated versus untreated wood. Very few unbound nanoparticles were detected in aerosol samples via electron microscopy, rather nano-sized ZnO was contained within, or on the surface of larger airborne particles. Whether the presence of nanoscale ZnO in these aerosols affects toxicity merits further investigation. Mass-based exposure measurements were below the NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit for Zn, although there are no established exposure limits for nanoscale ZnO. Local exhaust ventilation was effective, reducing airborne nanoparticle number concentrations by up to 92% and reducing personal exposure to total dust by at least 80% in terms of mass. Given the discrepancies between the particle count data and electron microscopy observations, the chemical identity of the airborne nanoparticles detected by the particle counters remains uncertain. Prior studies attributed the main source of nanoparticle emissions during sanding to copper nanoparticles generated from electric sander motors. Potentially contrary results are presented suggesting the sander motor may not have been the primary source of nanoparticle emissions in this study. Further research is needed to understand potential risks faced by construction workers exposed to mixed aerosols containing manufactured nanomaterials. Until these risks are better understood, this study demonstrates that engineering controls can reduce exposure to manufactured nanomaterials; doing so may be prudent for protecting worker health.     

Quantification of microparticle coating quality by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)

In this work, a novel protocol was developed for determining film coating thickness and coating quality of microparticles, based on the use of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). CLSM was found to be an adequate non-destructive technique for the quantification of the coating thickness and coating quality of individual thin-coated small particles. Combined with image analysis, it was possible to derive with high accuracy the coating thickness distribution of a representative number of microparticles. The performance of the novel methodology was assessed by the quantification of the coating thickness and coating quality of protein-coated microparticles produced by fluidized bed coating. It was found that the CLSM data on coating layer thickness were generally in good agreement with the results from chemical analysis, down to a thickness of 1–1.5 μm. Using CLSM the importance of setting up the appropriate distance between the coating nozzle and the powder bed with respect to microparticle coating quality in fluidized bed processing was illustrated. Coating quality was found to decrease with increasing distance the coating droplets have to travel before impinging onto the core particles as a result of spray-drying of the coating droplets. Also, coating quality decreased with increasing viscosity of the coating droplets, resulting in reduced spreading on the cores.     

BG系列D型高效包衣机的研制

目的研制BG系列D型高效包衣机。方法采用微电脑与机电一体化技术研制BG系列D型高效包衣机的主机、热风机、排风机与喷浆系统、工艺流程自动控制系统。结果研制成BG-40D、80D、150D等系列型的高效包衣机,能每次分别对40 kg、80 kg、150 kg的药片或药丸进行自动包有机薄膜衣、水性薄膜衣或糖衣。结论包衣工艺先进,整个包衣过程在微电脑程序控制下,在主机滚筒内全封闭与干燥状态下完成,速度快、效果好、功能齐全、自动化程度高,符合GPP、GMP要求,既适用于各类型医院制剂室也适用于各类型药厂。     

双向离心法包被ELISA反应板制备乙型肝炎表面抗原检测试剂

目的通过提高包被板抗体的包被量来提高ELISA检测乙型肝炎表面抗原试剂的检出灵敏度。方法采用垂直自转离心和水平离心进行酶标板抗体包被,然后按常规ELISA法制成检测乙型肝炎表面抗原试剂,并对试剂各项性能指标进行检测。结果采用垂直自转离心和水平离心进行抗体包被制成的乙型肝炎表面抗原检测试剂灵敏度可达0.2ng/ml,特异性和精密性未受影响。结论可通过增加抗体包被量来提高ELISA试剂的灵敏度。     

黄腻苔病因病机及诊治应用

为探讨黄腻苔的成因及诊治经验,笔者通过查阅古籍和对CNKI、万方、维普等数据库的检索,找到合适的古文并选取相关论文进行研究,发现黄腻苔除可由湿热引起外,还可由痰热、食滞、阳虚、表邪入里、伤暑和湿温等导致;黄腻苔可出现于干咳、中风病急性期、脾胃病、肝病和肾病等疾病过程中,治法涉及清热、温补、通腑、表里双解、消食导滞、健脾祛湿和分清泌浊等,说明黄腻苔成因复杂,涉及病种繁多,治疗手段丰富多彩,临床当悉心辨析,合理施治。     

pBMP/Ce-TZP陶瓷复合人工骨材料修复桡骨大段缺损的实验研究

目的：研究具有H—Z涂层的以氧化铈（CeO2）稳定的四方相氧化锆多孔陶瓷（Ce-TZP）,与猪骨形态发生蛋白（pBMP）复合成的人工骨,用于骨缺损的修复。方法：将其pBMP／Ce-TZP复合人工骨和HA复合人工骨分别植入30只家兔桡骨大段缺损处,并植入后进行X线摄片和组织学检查。结果：pBMP／Ce-TZP复合人工骨与HA复合人工骨比较,pBMP／Ce-TZP复合人工骨在结构、理化性能和生物力学强度均占有明显优势,有利于诱导成骨能力和加速新骨形成,促进骨缺损的修复。结论：pBMP／Ce-TZP复合人工骨是目前较理想的骨移植材料。     

钛合金人工关节柄烧结复合生物活性玻璃陶瓷涂层的研究

采用两步涂烧法在钛合金表面制备出防组织液渗透,结合强度高,生物相容性好的复合生物活性陶瓷涂层,适合于改善人工髋关节柄部的骨结合特性。     

胆囊收缩素酶联免疫测定法的研究

为探索多肽类物质的酶联免疫测定方法，采用紫外线照射及戊二醛活化酶标板包被八肽胆囊收缩素（ＣＣＫ８），并以此为基础进行酶联免疫吸附试验。结果显示：该方法可使ＣＣＫ８稳固地结合于酶标板上；竞争性抑制实验中游离的ＣＣＫ８与固相ＣＣＫ８可与抗体发生竞争结合，并呈良好的定量关系。该方法简便、重复性及稳定性好（批内及批间变异系数分别为４７５％及７８０％），可用于ＣＣＫ相关肽初步的结构分析。