自固化磷酸钙人工骨体内植入长期实验研究

目的：自固化磷酸钙（CPC）是新型的非陶瓷型羟基磷灰石类人工骨材料。本文观察了CPC植入体内的实验结果。方法：将术中预制成形的CPC植入兔股骨髁处缺损和肌肉内，观察18个月。结果：CPC只引起一过性的炎症反应，与骨直接愈合。12个月时CPC降解约12％，18个月时约为19％，降解处由骨组织替代。CPC与骨为界面结合，CPC的降解为溶解降解，是两个重要发现。结论：CPC适合于非负重或低负重部位骨缺损的修复。     

湖沼垸内型血吸虫病疫区渠道硬化消灭钉螺的研究

目的 为彻底消灭湖沼垸内钉螺,为控制血吸虫病疫情提供更为有效的灭螺方法和科学依据.方法 采用水泥管道及砖砌两种方法硬化渠道.结果 硬化24条有螺渠道,钉螺面积22.65万m2,灭光钉螺渠道16条,钉螺面积17.81万m2,分别占66.67%、78.63%.水泥管道硬化11条,水泥砖砌硬化13条,水泥管道硬化灭光钉螺渠道9条.水泥砖砌硬化灭光钉螺渠道7条,分别占81.82%、53.85%,灭光钉螺面积分别占 97.88%、55.66%.结论 硬化有螺渠道是一种环保型的有效灭螺方法,水泥管道硬化灭螺效果优于水泥砖砌硬化灭螺.     

Mechanism of formation of intravertebral clefts in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: An in vitro biomechanical study

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Intravertebral clefts (IVCs) are vacuum-like cavities commonly associated with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). IVCs promote cement leakage during kyphoplasty, suggesting a physical link with the basivertebral foramen, although this is uncertain.

Innovative chest wall reconstruction with a locking plate and cement spacer after radical resection of chondrosarcoma in the sternum: A case report

BACKGROUNDChondrosarcoma, a cartilage matrix producing tumor, is the second most commonly observed primary bone tumor after osteosarcoma, accounting for 15% of all chest wall malignancies. We herein report the case of a patient with chondrosarcoma of the sternum and our management of the chest wall defects that presented following radical tumor resection.CASE SUMMARYA 31-year-old patient presented to our hospital with dull pain and a protruding mass overlying the chest for 3 mo. The presence of nocturnal pain and mass size progression was reported, as were overhead arm elevation-related limitations. Computed tomography showed a focal osteoblastic mass in the sternum with bony exostosis and adjacent soft tissue calcification. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed hypermetabolic activity with a mass located over the upper sternum. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a focal ill-defined bony mass of the sternum with cortical destruction and periosteal reaction. Preoperative biopsy showed a consistent result with chondrosarcoma with immunohistochemical positivity for S100 and focal positivity for IDH-1. The grade II chondrosarcoma diagnosis was confirmed by postoperative pathology. The patient underwent radical tumor resection and chest wall reconstruction with a locking plate and cement spacer. The patient was discharged 1 wk after surgery without any complications. At the 1-year follow-up, there was no local recurrence on imaging. The functional scores, including Constant Score, Nottingham Clavicle Score, and Oxford Shoulder Score, showed the absence of pain in the performance of daily activities or substantial functional disabilities.CONCLUSIONThe diagnosis of chondrosarcoma must be considered when chest wall tumors are encountered. The surgical reconstructive materials, with a locking plate and cement spacer, used in our study are cost-effective and readily-available for the sternum defect.     

极半髋股骨柄两种固定方式的近期疗效比较

目的评价应用骨水泥和非骨水泥双极半髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈移位骨折的近期疗效。方法 2003年5月-2009年9月,应用骨水泥和非骨水泥双极半髋关节置换术治疗股骨颈移位骨折患者55例,其中骨水泥组28例,非骨水泥组27例。两组病例的随访期为12～48个月。结果两组平均手术时间及术中出血分别为：骨水泥组,78.6min,380.5ml;非骨水泥组,62.3min,268.0ml,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组Harris髋关节功能评分及假体柄松动率分别为：骨水泥组,78.4,7.1%;非骨水泥组,81.4,3.7%,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论对于老年股骨颈移位骨折,在手术时间和术中失血方面,应用非骨水泥半髋关节置换术具有一定的优势。从近期疗效来看,术后髋关节功能和股骨柄松动率没有差别。     

水泥粉尘接触工人丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶的测定分析(英文)

采用硫代巴比妥酸显色法,黄嘌呤氧化酶法和DTNB(5′-二硫代双二硝基苯甲酸法)测定50例水泥粉尘接触工人和50例健康对照工人血清MDA含量、SOD和POD活力,以探讨丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)在水泥粉尘接触工人体内发生发展的意义。通过测定,结果显示,水泥粉尘接触工人血清MDA含量、SOD的活力较对照组比较,在统计学上无显著性差异(P>0.05),水泥接触工人血清POD的活力较对照组比较,有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。说明水泥粉尘促进了机体脂质过氧反应水平,使机体抗氧化酶活力下降,显示了水泥粉尘对机体的早期损伤效应。     

定制化敏感抗生素骨水泥螺钉治疗踝关节术后感染的临床研究

目的 评估定制化敏感抗生素骨水泥螺钉治疗踝关节术后感染的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年3月至2022年7月收治的22例踝关节术后感染病人的临床资料,其中男12例,女10例;年龄为（39.27±5.78）岁（31~52岁）。按内固定方式不同分为两组。观察组10例,采用定制化敏感抗生素骨水泥螺钉内固定;对照组12例,采用钛质克氏针和/或外固定架固定。记录两组病人伤口愈合等级、感染复发率、感染指标［降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）、白细胞计数（white blood cell count,WBC）、红细胞沉降率（erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR）、C反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）］、影像学特征等内容。结果 观察组伤口均甲级愈合,感染复发率为0,优于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组间的总体PCT、WBC、ESR、CRP比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,但对照组术后6个月的PCT、WBC和CRP均高于观察组（P＜0.05）。术后6个月观察组的踝关节融合率为50.00%（5/10）,优于对照组的16.67%（2/12）（P＜0.05）。两组间在滑膜增厚、关节积液及软组织肿胀方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,但观察组在骨髓水肿、钉道增宽水肿方面优于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组未出现内固定松动、断裂现象,而对照组虽未出现内固定断裂病例,但6例出现克氏针松动,两组间的内固定物松动率比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 踝关节术后感染采用定制化敏感抗生素骨水泥螺钉内固定,既可增强局部抗感染能力,减少感染复发率,还可提高术后关节稳定性,减少二次融合手术率,可能是一种值得推荐的方法。     

昌吉州某水泥生产线职业病危害因素检测与评价

目的了解昌吉州水泥生产行业职业病危害因素现状,以采取有效的控制措施,减少职业病的发生。方法对昌吉州某水泥生产厂进行现场职业卫生学调查、职业病危害因素检测,对检测结果进行分析与评价。结果原料系统、烧成系统、制成系统、包装粉尘检测浓度超过国家职业接触限值的岗位是石灰石破碎、煤破碎、石膏破碎、打包装车,噪声强度超过国家职业接触限值的岗位是石灰石库底巡检、生料磨、煤磨,其他检测点粉尘、噪声、高温检测结果均符合国家标准。结论该水泥厂关键职业病危害因素控制点在原辅料的破碎作业岗位产生的粉尘,磨机作业岗位产生的噪声,应在控制点加强除尘、降噪等卫生防护措施,保护作业人员的职业健康。     

The Effect of Premature Loss of Deciduous Teeth a Biomktric Study in 14- and 10-Year-Olds

Abstract

Objective. To compare two methods used to examine the cement interface homogeneity of adhesively luted glass fiber posts (GFPs). Material and methods. GFPs were divided into four groups (n = 5 in each) and inserted into artificial root canals under standardized conditions: Group I = RelyX Unicem, application with application aid; Group II = RelyX Unicem; Group III = Panavia F 2.0; and Group IV = Variolink II. Posts in Groups II–IV were cemented without using an appliance. All specimens were sectioned at three levels (cervical, middle and apical) perpendicularly to the post's long axis and examined and photographed (n = 60) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cement interface inhomogeneities were (A) measured by means of SEM software and (B) estimated using a graphics program with SEM images being divided into 72 equal circle segments to calculate a percentage value of inhomogeneities of the 360° circumference. Results. Median values of inhomogeneities (A/B; %) within the cement interface for the cervical, middle and apical levels of analysis, respectively were 1.4/2.1, 2.2/4.2 and 1.9/2.1 for Group I; 21.0/20.1, 24.8/23.6 and 27.0/24.3 for Group II; 1.5/1.7, 5.5/6.3 and 19.4/20.8 for Group III; and 18.1/16.7, 16.1/15.3 and 27.2/25.7 for Group IV. The two methods correlated very well (0.994), with a value of one indicating a 100% correlation. Conclusion. Both evaluation methods were found to be equally appropriate for quantifying the cement interface homogeneity of SEM cross-sections of adhesively luted GFPs.     

S1螺钉骨水泥强化技术在伴骨质疏松腰骶椎退变性疾病中的应用价值

目的:探讨S1螺钉骨水泥强化技术在伴骨质疏松腰骶椎退变性疾病中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2012年5月～2015年12月采用后路腰骶椎固定治疗的患者61例,男6例,女55例,年龄67.5±6.6岁(60～86岁),骨密度T=-3.37±0.69 SD(-2.5～-5.4 SD),随访时间19.98±10.42个月(24～78个月),腰椎采用椎弓根螺钉骨水泥强化技术,根据S1螺钉的固定方式将患者分为骨水泥强化组(A组,17例)、双皮质固定组(B组,20例)和三皮质固定组(C组,24例),比较三组在视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评分和围手术期并发症、松钉率、融合率等方面的差异。结果:所有患者均顺利完成手术,在VAS和ODI方面,三组患者末次随访评分均较术前明显改善,末次随访时A组VAS和ODI明显小于B组和C组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),B、C两组相比无明显差异。在并发症方面,A组腰椎骨水泥渗漏率为23.68%,S1骨水泥渗漏率为23.53%,分别有1例患者出现硬膜囊撕裂、切口感染和双下肢肌力下降,没有患者发生螺钉松动断裂,末次随访时所有手术节段均获骨性融合;B组骨水泥渗漏率为41.25%,2例患者发生健侧下肢麻木乏力,6例患者出现S1螺钉松动(30.00%);C组骨水泥渗漏率为24.56%,2例患者出现硬膜囊撕裂,1例发生切口感染,1例发生健侧下肢麻木乏力,6例患者出现S1螺钉松动(25.00%)。将B、C两组患者分为松钉组和未松钉组,发现其在年龄、融合节段、术后PI-LL上具有统计学差异(松钉组年龄更大、融合节段更长,术后PI-LL更大),在性别、BMD、BMI、手术方式、术前术后LL、SS、PT、PI、LL差值、术前PI-LL等方面无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:S1螺钉骨水泥强化技术能明显减少伴骨质疏松患者腰骶固定的松钉率,是骨质疏松性腰骶椎退变性疾病的一种有效固定方式,尤其适用于老年、≥2节段固定和PI-LL恢复不佳的患者。