Featuring COVID-19 cases via screening symptomatic patients with epidemiologic link during flu season in a medical center of central Taiwan

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CO-V-2), was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China has now rapidly spread over 50 countries. For the prevention and control of infection, Taiwan Centers for Disease Control initiated testing of SARS-CoV-2 on January 24th 2020 for persons suspected with this disease. Until February 28th, 43 flu-like symptomatic patients were screened in China Medical University Hospital.MethodsTwo patients were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by rRT-PCR as COVID-19 patients A and B. Causative pathogens for included patients were detected using FilmArray™ Respiratory Panel. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical presentations, laboratory data, radiologic findings, and travel and exposure contact histories, of the COVID-19 patients in comparison to those with other respiratory infections.ResultsThrough contact with Taiwan No. 19 case patient on 27th January, COVID-19 patients A and B were infected. Both patients had no identified comorbidities and developed mild illness with temporal fever, persistent cough, and lung interstitial infiltrates. Owing to the persistence of positive SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimen, the two COVID-19 patients are still in the isolation rooms despite recovery until 10th of March. The results of FilmArrayTM Respiratory Panel revealed 22 of the 41 non-COVID-19 patients were infected by particular pathogens. In general, seasonal respiratory pathogens are more prevalent than SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic patients in non- COVID-19 endemic area during the flu season. Since all patients shared similar clinical and laboratory findings, expanded surveillance of detailed exposure history for suspected patients and application of rapid detection tools are highly recommended.     

Carisolv在龋病治疗中的应用

目的：通过临床操作和治疗来观察Carisolv（伢典）在龋病治疗中的有效性、安全性和实用性。方法：选择110位患者156颗患牙,随机分成传统牙钻组和Carisolv去龋组,对这两组进行比较。结果：Carisolv去龋组各项指标均优于传统牙钻组。结论：Carisolv化学-机械法无痛微创龋齿祛腐对牙髓刺激性小、对正常牙体组织无破坏。无噪音、无痛、微创尤其适用于牙科恐惧综合症患者和儿童患者,适用于颈部龋和根面龋。     

Carisolv对人牙髓细胞的体外毒性研究

目的:对化学机械去腐材料-Carisolv进行体外生物学毒性评价。方法:利用原代培养的人牙髓细胞,采用琼脂覆盖法和四唑盐(MTT)比色法评价Carisolv的体外细胞毒性。结果:琼脂覆盖法中出现脱色区和部分细胞溶解,呈轻度细胞毒性;MTT法中A值和RGR随接触时间增加而逐渐减小,毒性逐渐增大,1 min和5 min组细胞毒性为1级,30 min组细胞毒性达到2级。结论:Carisolv有轻微的细胞毒性,临床操作时要注意对牙髓牙周等软组织的保护。     

Carisolv化学机械去龋后牙本质表面的扫描电镜观察

目的:观察Carisolv化学机械去龋和慢速球钻去龋后窝洞洞底表面形态学改变。方法:收集近期拔除的有龋坏的乳磨牙20例,实验组用Carisolv去龋,对照组用慢速球钻去龋,然后分别用扫描电镜观察。结果:去龋后两组牙本质表面形态有明显不同,Carisolv在去龋过程中能够清除玷污层,洞底牙本质表面粗糙不平,呈密集、不规则的凹凸状结构。结论:Carisolv去龋后产生表面形态学的改变有利于应用复合树脂的粘接修复。     

Meningeal immunity: Structure,function and a potential therapeutic target of neurodegenerative diseases

Meningeal immunity refers to immune surveillance and immune defense in the meningeal immune compartment, which depends on the unique position, structural composition of the meninges and functional characteristics of the meningeal immune cells. Recent research advances in meningeal immunity have demonstrated many new ways in which a sophisticated immune landscape affects central nervous system (CNS) function under physiological or pathological conditions. The proper function of the meningeal compartment might protect the CNS from pathogens or contribute to neurological disorders. Since the concept of meningeal immunity, especially the meningeal lymphatic system and the glymphatic system, is relatively new, we will provide a general review of the meninges’ basic structural elements, organization, regulation, and functions with regards to meningeal immunity. At the same time, we will emphasize recent evidence for the role of meningeal immunity in neurodegenerative diseases. More importantly, we will speculate about the feasibility of the meningeal immune region as a drug target to provide some insights for future research of meningeal immunity.     

伢典微创化学机械去龋法治疗儿童龋齿的临床评价

目的评价伢典微创化学机械去龋法治疗儿童龋齿的有效性和安全性。方法门诊儿童龋齿病人86例,随机分为伢典治疗组和对照组,分别采用伢典凝肢去龋和常规磨牙去龋,比较两组病人的治疗效果。结果伢典治疗组病人痛苦小、安全,但所用时间长于对照组。结论伢典化学机械去龋法治疗儿童龋齿安全、有效、无痛。     

伢典化学与机械去龋法的光镜研究

目的：通过对伢典和传统牙钻去除牙本质龋后的磨片观察，评价伢典的去龋效果。方法：选取龋损已到牙本质的离体牙9个，分为对照组、机械组、伢典组3组，每组3个牙。对照组不处理，机械组用传统牙钻去龋，伢典组用伢典去龋。然后磨制成磨片，在光学显微镜下观察去龋效果。结果：对照组能观察到明显的龋损病理组织结构。伢典组、牙钻组的龋损组织被完全去除。结论：伢典能有效去除龋损组织。     

A method for isolating and culturing placental cells from failed early equine pregnancies

Early pregnancy loss occurs in 6–10% of equine pregnancies making it the main cause of reproductive wastage. Despite this, reasons for the losses are known in only 16% of cases. Lack of viable conceptus material has inhibited investigations of many potential genetic and pathological causes. We present a method for isolating and culturing placental cells from failed early equine pregnancies. Trophoblast cells from 18/30 (60%) failed equine pregnancies of gestational ages 14–65 days were successfully cultured in three different media, with the greatest growth achieved for cells cultured in AmnioChrome™ Plus. Genomic DNA of a suitable quality for molecular assays was also isolated from 29/30 of these cases. This method will enable future investigations determining pathologies causing EPL.