胱蛋白酶抑制剂C和内生肌酐清除率与肾脏病理变化的关系探讨

目的　了解血胱蛋白酶抑制剂 (cystatin)C和内生肌酐清除率 (Ccr)与肾脏病理变化的关系。 方法　选择 1999年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 2月因各种肾脏疾病收治入院行肾穿刺活检术的患儿共 12 4例 ,入院后查血cys tatinC和Ccr ,并行肾穿刺活检术以了解肾脏病理变化 ,然后通过相关及多元线性回归分析了解血cystatinC和Ccr与肾脏病理变化的关系。结果　血cystatinC与肾脏病理变化的复相关系数 (R) =0 .6 91(P <0 .0 1) ,血cys tatinC与肾脏病理变化之间存在直线关系 ,其回归方程为Y =0 .6 0 5 +0 .30 7X1+0 .4 93X2 (F =5 5 .18,P <0 .0 1)。Ccr与肾脏病理变化的R =0 .4 0 5 (P <0 .0 1) ,Ccr与肾脏病理变化之间亦存在直线关系 (F =11.89,P<0 .0 1)。结论　血cystatinC比Ccr更能反映肾脏病理变化的严重程度。血cystatinC和Ccr均与肾间质的变化密切相关 ,尤以血cystatinC更敏感。因此 ,血cystatinC可作为判断肾脏疾病预后的重要参考指标 ,以及时了解肾脏病理变化采取有效的治疗。     

Total and free tissue factor pathway inhibitor in pregnancy hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role played by tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in pregnancy hypertension. METHODS: Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, hemostatic measurements were obtained for women with pre-eclampsia (n=51), nonproteinuric hypertension of pregnancy (n=62), postpartum pre-eclampsia 24 h after childbirth (n=31), and no hypertension (healthy pregnant controls, n=100). RESULTS: There was a significant increase in circulating free TFPI levels in women with pre-eclampsia (9.7+/-6.2 ng/mL) or nonproteinuric hypertension of pregnancy (8.3+/-5.3 ng/mL) compared with healthy controls (5.3+/-2.1 ng/mL). In women with pre-eclampsia the levels remained elevated after placental delivery (10.6+/-4.0 ng/mL). Free protein S levels were significantly higher in women with pre-eclampsia (40.0%+/-10.7%), nonproteinuric hypertension of pregnancy (37.1%+/-12.5%), or postpartum pre-eclampsia (39.3%+/-9.1%) than in healthy pregnant controls (32.2%+/-8.5%). CONCLUSION: Increased levels of the physiologically active free forms of TFPI and free protein S, 2 coagulation inhibitors, may protect women with pregnancy-induced hypertension from the risks of hemostatic activation.     

胃癌高系家族成员胃蛋白酶原C基因多态性及其诊断意义的探讨

采用限制性酶切片段长度多态性分析法，检测在胃癌高发区庄河检出的１９例胃癌高系家族成员胃蛋白酶原Ｃ基因多态性，发现三种常见片段及一种稀有片段。对其中４例携带稀有片段的受检者进行了胃镜追踪观察，２．５年后发现１例早期胃癌。本文对此作了初步探讨。     

Effects of histamine on inositol phosphates and intracellular Ca2+ in human glomerular epithelial cells

The effect of histamine on the phosphoinositide turnover andintracellular free calcium activity [Ca²⁺]_i was examined inhuman glomerular epithelial cells in culture. Addition of histamineto glomerular epithelial cells resulted in formation of inositolphosphates in a time- and dose-dependent manner. A transientmaximum of inositol trisphosphate (InsP₃) was observed within10 s. Stimulation of protein kinase C by short-term pretreatment(15 mm) of glom erular epithelial cells with phorbol 12-mynstate13-acetate caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the histamine-inducedinositol phosphate accumulation. The baseline of [Ca²⁺]_i inthe cells was 115 ±2.7 nmol/l (n=103). Histamine (ED₅₀:approx. 2x10^–7mol/l) caused a rapid and transient increasein [Ca²⁺]_i, as detected by fura-2 microfluorimetry studies.In a calcium-free extracellular solution the rapid increaseof [Ca²⁺]_i was still present. The H₁ receptor antagonist mepyramine(IC₅₀: approx. 8 x 10^–9 mol/l) inhibited the histamine(10^–6 mol/l) response on [Ca²⁺]_i Cimetidine, a potentH₂ receptor antagonist, showed no effect. This data indicates that H₁ receptor activation causes hydrolysisof phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate by phospholipase Cactivation, and consecutive mobil ization of intracellular calcium.Since histamine is a mediator of inflammation, antigen responseand cellular injury, these findings could be of importance forthe understanding of glomerular epithelial cell pathology.     

In vivo 13C saturation transfer effect of the lactate dehydrogenase reaction.

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) catalyzes an exchange reaction between pyruvate and lactate. It is demonstrated here that this reaction is sufficiently fast to cause a significant magnetization (saturation) transfer effect when the 13C resonance of pyruvate is saturated by a continuous-wave (CW) RF pulse. Infusion of [2-(13)C]glucose was used to allow labeling of pyruvate C2 at 207.9 ppm to determine the pseudo first-order rate constant of the unidirectional lactate-->pyruvate flux in vivo. During systemic administration of GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline, this pseudo first-order rate constant was determined to be 0.08+/-0.01 s-1 (mean+/-SD, N=4) in halothane-anesthetized adult rat brains. In 9L and C6 rat glioma models, the 13C saturation transfer effect of the LDH reaction was also detected in vivo. Our results demonstrate that the 13C magnetization transfer effect of the LDH reaction may be useful as a novel marker for utilizing noninvasive in vivo MRS to study many physiological and pathological conditions, such as cancer.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后钛夹在腹腔内异位的观察

目的　观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LaparoscopicCholecystectomy ,L .C)后钛夹在腹腔内异位。方法　前瞻性对2 0 0 2年 1～ 5月间 6 0例L .C病人进行追踪观察临床表现 ,采用B超、腹部X线检查等方法 ,观察钛夹位置的变化与肝外胆管的关系。结果　 6 0例L .C后病人中 5例钛夹发生位置改变。结论　①钛夹在体内 ,对胆道无压迫、无胆漏 ;②观察钛夹异位 ,以采用B超为最简单、经济的方法。     

蛋白激酶C亚型在慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉中的表达

目的 研究慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压大鼠在肺动脉高压形成过程中肺动脉蛋白激酶C(PKC)亚型的表达.方法 建立野百合碱诱导的慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压大鼠模型,应用Western blot技术检测肺动脉高压形成过程中大鼠肺动脉四种PKC亚型(PKCα、PKCβⅡ、PKCδ和PKCε)的表达变化.结果 PKCα、PKCβⅡ和PKCδ亚型在正常和肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉中均有表达,而PKCε亚型未检测到.在肺动脉高压形成过程中,大鼠肺动脉胞浆和胞膜组分表达的PKCα均逐渐上升,到第14天达到高峰后略有下降,且胞膜表达量的升高远比胞浆明显.胞浆PKCβⅡ和PKCδ表达量均在第8天达最高,而胞膜中二者均表现出持续升高的趋势.结论 PKCα、PKCβⅡ和PKCδ亚型可能参与了慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压的形成,其表达变化可能与其转位有关.     

PCBP1:一种在多水平上参与基因表达调控的蛋白因子

多聚胞嘧啶结合蛋白1 (poly C binding protein-1,PCBP1),属于RNA结合蛋白亚家族,因其具有同RNA的多聚胞嘧啶(poly C)区域特异的结合活性而得名.目前该亚家族共有5个成员:hnRNP K(heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K)、PCBP1、PCBP2、PCBP3和PCBP4.PCBP1蛋白在多个水平参与基因的表达调控,如转录、mRNA加工、mRNA的转运、mRNA稳定以及翻译水平调控等.本文对PCBP1基因的结构和生物学功能进行了综述.     

小肠吸收胆固醇的分子生物学研究进展

胆固醇通过分布于十二指肠和近段空肠黏膜上皮细胞刷状缘膜的Niemann—Pick C1样蛋白1摄取，ATP结合盒G5、G8抑制小肠对胆固醇的摄取过程。进入上皮细胞的胆固醇大多数被乙酰辅酶A，胆固醇转乙酰基酶2酯化，随后通过组装形成乳糜微粒，经淋巴管进入血循环；另一部分胆固醇则以未酯化形式直接进入血循环形成高密度脂蛋白颗粒。这些过程受核受体——肝脏X受体的调控。年龄、性别、黏膜屏障和小肠传输速度也影响胆固醇的吸收。