血清P-选择素水平与冠脉病变严重度关系的研究

目的：探讨检测血清P-选择素水平与冠脉病变严重度的关系。方法：70冽冠D病患者，按临床诊断分为2组：急性冠脉综合症组32冽和稳定型冠心病组38例，对照组患者30例。ELISA检测各组患者血清中P-选择素水平．并比较各组间的差异；冠脉造影术对冠脉病变进行Gensini评分，并了解其与血清中P-选择素的相关性。结果：冠心病患者血清中的P-选择素水平显著高于正常对照组；在冠D病组内，急性冠脉综合症组的P-选择素水平显著高于稳定型冠心病患者，但两组冠脉病变Gemini评分无显著差别；而且冠脉病变Gemini评分与血清中P-选择素水平呈明显的相关性。结论：P-选择素可能参与了冠状动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展过程，血清P-选择素水平可能是冠脉病变严重度的一个预测指标。     

重症急性胰腺炎早期治疗的探讨及分析

目的 探讨重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）早期治疗体会及外科手术治疗时机和手术方式的选择。方法 对比分析1989—1995年以早期手术为主的36例SAP（A组）与1996—2003年7年中非手术治疗为主的44例SAP（B组）的治愈率和死亡率。结果 B组的死亡率明显低于A组，A组的治愈率低于B组。结论 SAP早期的急性炎症反应期，手术只能加重对机体的打击，加重SAP全身炎症反应，增加手术死亡率。故SAP早期治疗应以非手术疗法为主。当内科治疗无效，手术治疗是唯一的选择，而手术时机的掌握和手术方式的选择更为重要，直接影响手术结果。     

根管治疗术远期疗效的影响因素

根管治疗术（root canal therapy,RCT）是治疗牙髓病、根尖周病的主要方法.影响根管治疗术远期疗效的因素较多,而RCT前根尖周状态和根充位置是两大主要因素.     

钙拮抗剂TMB-8抑制BHQ,NE和KCl引起的培养乳牛基底动脉单个平滑肌细胞内游离钙的升高

用AR CM MIC阳离子测定系统,测量单个细胞内游离钙浓度([Ca²⁺]i),研究8-(N,N-二乙胺)-n-辛基 3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸酯(TMB-8)对培养乳牛基底动脉平滑肌[Ca²⁺]i的作用。在细胞外钙浓度为1.3mmol·L^-1时,TMB-8(30μmol·L^-1)可明显抑制BHQ,NE及KCl引起[Ca²⁺]i的升高。在细胞外钙为零+EGTA 0.1mmol·L^-1时,TMB-8(10,30及100μmol·L^-1)可浓度依赖性地降低静息[Ca²⁺]i,TMB-8(30μmol·L^-1)可几乎完全阻断BHQ及NE引起[Ca²⁺]i的增加。研究表明TMB-8降低培养乳牛基底动脉平滑肌[Ca²⁺]i的机制,主要是抑制肌浆网Ca²⁺的释放,或增加肌浆网对Ca²⁺的摄入,并由此间接地抑制细胞外钙的内流。     

N-ω-Carbethoxypentyl-4-quinolones: A New Class of Leukotriene Biosynthesis Inhibitors

6-[(4-Quinolinyl)oxy]hexanoic acids and the corresponding esters were designed and synthesized as inhibitors of the production of arachidonic acid metabolites. The inhibitory activities were assayed in vitro by evaluation of serum leukotriene B₄ and thromboxane B₂ production. While all 6-[(4-quinolinyl)oxy]hexanoic acids and their esters proved to be inactive, the N-alkyl-4-quinolones, obtained as by-products in their synthesis, were found to be a new class of leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors.     

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Actions on αT3-1 Gonadotrophs Show Desensitization

PACAP is a hypothalamic hypophysiotropic factor that acts upon a number of pituitary cells, including gonadotrophs. In the gonadotroph-derived αT3-1 cell line, PACAP acts via PVR1 receptors to stimulate adenylyl cyclase and phosphoinositidase C. PACAP-stimulated cAMP accumulation is inhibited by protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters in these cells and the current work was undertaken primarily to establish whether it is also subject to homologous regulation. In acute experiments, PACAP27-stimulated cAMP accumulation (intracellular plus extracellular) was measured (in the presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitor) both in intact cells and in cell membranes. The peptide increased cAMP accumulation, but initial rates of PACAP27-stimulated cAMP accumulation were reduced to between 10 and 50% within 10 min of stimulation in both cells and membranes. The initial rate of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation was maintained in membranes but not in intact cells (although the deviation from linearity was less pronounced than with PACAP27). Thus, rapid homologous desensitization to PACAP27 occurs in intact αT3-1 cells, but is not entirely receptor specific. Rapid homologous desensitization of PACAP27-stimulated cAMP accumulation also occurred in the presence of a protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, which inhibited cAMP accumulation without altering the kinetics of the PACAP27 effect. Brief pre-treatment (3 min) with PACAP27 also reduced the ability of PACAP27, but not gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, to cause a spike-type elevation of cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration (a consequence of phosphoinositidase C activation). In chronic desensitization studies, pre-treatment for 6 h with PACAP27 caused a dose-dependent (IC₅₀ approximately 10 nM) reduction of PACAP-stimulated cAMP accumulation and down regulated cell surface PVR1 receptors (to approximately 50%). Thus, it appears that PACAP27-stimulated (PVR-1 receptor mediated) adenylyl cyclase undergoes rapid homologous desensitization in αT3-1 cells, which is paralleled by homologous desensitization of PACAP27-stimulated phosphoinositidase C activity and involves mechanisms distinct from those underlying heterologous desensitization by phorbol esters. Chronic desensitization of PACAP-stimulated cAMP accumulation and down-regulation of cell surface PVR-1 receptors also occurs in these cells although the receptor loss may not entirely explain the observed desensitization.     

月经及生殖状况与盆腔子宫内膜异位症关系的探讨

目的：探讨盆腔子宫内膜异位症（简称内异症）与月经及生殖状况的关系。方法：采用成组病例对照方法调查91例病例组及67例对照组病人的月经及生殖情况。结果：单因素分析结果显示，原发性痛经及继发性痛经均内异症发病的危险因素，t初孕年龄及t初产年龄≤24岁、N孕次≥2次及使用避孕器避孕这4个因素为可能的保护因素。非条件logistic多元回归分析显示，原发性痛经、继发性痛经为子宫内膜异位症的危险因素，t初孕年龄≤24岁与使用避孕器避孕有正交互作用，并对发病有保护作用。而单因素分析中，t初孕年龄≤24岁等4个可能的保护因素却未能显示与发病有联系。结论：原发性痛经是盆腔子宫内膜异位症可能的危险因素，积极有效地防治原发性痛经有助于预防内异症的发生。     

Characterization of “plasma proteins” secreted by cultured rat macroglial cells

The brain is isolated behind a blood-tissue barrier that restricts the access of circulating proteins to neural cells. There is evidence that some of these proteins are synthesized within the central nervous system. The present study examines the synthesis and secretion of such proteins by cultured macroglial cells. Primary glial cultures were derived from cortical and subcortical regions of neonatal rat brains, and subsequent secondary cultures were enriched in type-1 astrocytes, type-2 astrocytes, or oligodendrocytes. Newly synthesized proteins were immunoprecipitated from the culture media using antisera directed against whole rat serum. All three types of glial cells secreted a range of plasma proteins. In general, type-1 astrocytes secreted more of these proteins than did type-2 astrocytes or oligodendrocytes, although the one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) profiles were specific for each cell type. Antisera directed against specific plasma proteins identified three of the most abundant proteins secreted by type-1 astrocytes as transferrin, α-2-macroglobulin, and ceruloplasmin. Northern blot analysis of cellular RNA confirmed that type-1 astrocytes contained transferrin mRNA, and that it was more abundant in cultures derived from subcortical regions than from cortical regions. In situ hybridization studies revealed that virtually all type-1 and type-2 astrocytes contained transferrin mRNA. Since the proteins identified in this study have been proposed to have a variety of neurotrophic roles in the central nervous system, these data further extend the range of possible functions that glial cells may serve in the CNS.     

Immunohistochemical Study of Colorectal Polyps with Antibodies against CEA,CA19-9, CA125, CA15-3 (DF3), PCNA and p53

Abstract: We analyzed the expression of CEA, CA19-9, CA125, CA15-3 (DF3), PCNA and p53 immunohistochemically in 14 tissue specimens of mucosal cancers in adenoma, seven tubulovillous adenoma specimens, and 16 tubular adenoma specimens. The rates of positive staining for mucosal cancer in adenoma, tubulovillous adenoma and tubular adenoma specimens, respectively, were: for CEA: 100%, 85.7% and 75%; for CA19-9: 71.4%, 71.4% and 56.2%; for CA125:0%, 0% and 0%;for CA15-3 (DF3): 64.3 %, 0% and 0 %; for PCNA: 100%, 88.9% and 56.2%; and for p53: 35.7%, 0% and 0% . The results suggest that the expressions of CEA, CA19-9, CA15-3 (DF3), PCNA and p53 are related to colorectal tumorigenesis. None of the specimens studied showed staining for CA125, suggesting that CA125 is not involved in the early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. There was no significant difference in the rates of positive staining for CEA and CA19-9 among mucosal cancer in adenoma, tubular adenoma and tubulovillous adenoma specimens. However, the rates of positive staining for PCNA and p53 were significantly higher in mucosal cancer in adenoma specimens than for tubular adenoma specimens (p<0.05), and the rate of CA15-3 (DF3) positive staining was significantly higher for mucosal cancer in adenoma than for tubulovillous adenoma (p<0.01) and tubular adenoma (p< 0.001) specimens. Therefore, the CA15-3 (DF3) antigen is an immunohistochemical marker for colorectal carcinomas. The present results suggest that CA15-3 (DF3), PCNA and p53 play important roles in the genesis of colorectal adenomas.     

An efficient procedure for the regioselective synthesis of 10-methoxy-11-hydroxyaporphine from (R,S)-10,11-dihydroxyaporphine

A regioselective preparation of 10-methoxy-11-hydroxyaporphine (“Apocodeine,1b”) from (R,S)-10, 11-dihydroxyaporphine(apomorphine,1a) is described. The isopropylidene ketal ring of 10,11-(isopropylidenyldioxy) aporphine (2) obtained by the isopropylidenation of apomorphine, was regioselectively opened by the ten equivalent of trimethylaluminum to give 10-hydroxy-11-t-butyloxyaporphine (3). The free 10-hydroxyl position of 3 was methylated with methyl p-toluenesulfonate/NaH, and afforded 10-methoxy-11-t-butyloxyaporphine (4) in high yield. Selective debutylation gave the desired 10-methoxy-11-hydroxyaporphine (“apocodeine”,1b) in good yield.