Twenty-five patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) were studied. Five of these patients showed Auer rods in their myeloblasts, but met other criteria for RAEB. Median survival of the Auer rod-positive group was 14 months (range 2–27) from diagnosis with survival of 7 months after Auer rods were first observed. Median survival for the Auer rod-negative group was 12 months. Two patients developed overt acute leukemia, both from the Auer rod-negative group. The clinical course of Auer rod-positive RAEB, like that of Auer rod-negative RAEB, was one of progressive bone marrow failure complicated by infection, serious bleeding and the development of absolute transfusion requirement. These findings suggest that Auer rod-positive RAEB is a morphologic variant dysmyelopoietic syndrome that may pursue a similar clinical course to Auer rod-negative disease. Formulation of a separate treatment approach for those RAEB patients who possess Auer rods would appear ill advised. 相似文献
Summary: Using extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations we study the behavior of very rigid polyelectrolytes with hydrophobic side chains that are known to form cylindrical micelles in aqueous solution. We investigate the stability of such micelles with respect to hydrophobicity, Coulomb interaction, and micellar size. We show that for the parameter range relevant for poly(p‐phenylene sulfonate)s (PPP) one finds a stable finite micellar size close to the experimental parameter region. We also point out that our model has some similarities to DNA solutions with added condensing agents, hinting to the possibility that the size of DNA aggregates is under certain circumstances thermodynamically limited.
DNA‐like morphologies of the polyelectrolytes. 相似文献
A new approach to the automatic extraction of the lumen region and its boundary for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic images is presented. First, a quasi region of interest, the darker regions of the image, is segmented using a region splitting scheme termed progressive thresholding. The centre of mass of this segmented region acts as a seed for further processing. Then the lumen region is obtained using a region growing technique called the integrated neighbourhood search (INS). A new quad structure based technique is introduced to enhance the INS speed significantly. A back projection algorithm is suggested to optimise the search for pixels belonging to the lumen region and boundary. A boundary-thinning algorithm is also proposed to remove the redundant pixels from the lumen boundary and to generate a connected single pixel width boundary. The proposed approach does not need a priori knowledge about the image characteristics. The experimental results indicate that the proposed technique enhances the speed of conventional INS by 45.5% to 28.6% based on the lumen size varying from 22,709 pixels to 4947 pixels. The main advantage of the proposed technique is its high-speed response that facilitates real-time analysis of endoscopic images. 相似文献
Scope: B vitamers are co-enzymes involved in key physiological processes including energy production, one-carbon, and macronutrient metabolism. Studies profiling B vitamers simultaneously in parent–child dyads are scarce. Profiling B vitamers in parent–child dyads enables an insightful determination of gene–environment contributions to their circulating concentrations. We aimed to characterise: (a) parent–child dyad concordance, (b) generation (children versus adults), (c) age (within the adult subgroup (age range 28–71 years)) and (d) sex differences in plasma B vitamer concentrations in the CheckPoint study of Australian children. Methods and Results: 1166 children (11 ± 0.5 years, 51% female) and 1324 parents (44 ± 5.1 years, 87% female) took part in a biomedical assessment of a population-derived longitudinal cohort study: The Growing Up in Australia’s Child Health CheckPoint. B vitamer levels were quantified by UHPLC/MS-MS. B vitamer levels were weakly concordant between parent–child pairs (10–31% of variability explained). All B vitamer concentrations exhibited generation-specificity, except for flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The levels of thiamine, pantothenic acid, and 4-pyridoxic acid were higher in male children, and those of pantothenic acid were higher in male adults compared to their female counterparts. Conclusion: Family, age, and sex contribute to variations in the concentrations of plasma B vitamers in Australian children and adults. 相似文献