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1.
目的探讨牙拔除术对头颈部放射治疗后患者发生放射性颌骨骨髓炎(osteoradionecrosis,ORN)的影响。方法收集83例头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗后经x线诊断ORN的需拔牙患者,拔牙前给予口服抗生素2d,微创拔牙,术后继续口服抗生素5d,3个月拔牙创不愈合者诊断为ORN。结果83例患者放疗后因智齿冠周炎、急性牙髓炎、残根残冠、根尖周炎等,共拔除182颗患牙,其中8例出现ORN。放疗剂量不同导致放疗后拔牙发生ORN的差异有统计学意义(x^2=5.004,P=0.025),高剂量患者(70~80Gy)拔牙后ORN炎发生率25.00%,明显高于低剂量患者(50—70Gy)的发生率4.76%。放疗后拔牙时间(X2=0,P=I.000)、一次性拔牙总数目(x2=0,P=1.000)对放疗后拔牙发生ORN的差异无统计学意义。结论放射剂量是诱发ORN的主要原因,放疗前拔除患牙、放疗后定期检查口腔,防治牙周、牙体疾病是预防ORN的主要手段。 相似文献
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Endoscopic management of skull base osteoradionecrosis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
OBJECTIVE: Osteoradionecrosis is one of the most serious complications in radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We describe a new endoscopic approach to resolve resultant skull base osteoradionecrosis. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic management of skull base osteoradionecrosis. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study of the outcome of endoscopic management for patients with skull base osteoradionecrosis. METHODS: Between 1994 and 1998 six patients who had irradiation previously for nasopharyngeal carcinoma had skull base osteoradionecrosis. A sinoscopic approach was applied for diagnosis and sequestrectomy. This diagnosis was based on the criterion of exposed necrotic bone after removing all crust in the nasopharynx and further confirmed on pathological examination after sequestrectomy. Effective cure was defined as intact mucosal coverage without any ulcer or exposed necrotic bone observed in the nasopharynx and the absence of antecedent accompanying symptoms after management. RESULTS: Six patients (10%) were symptom free. Five (83.3%) patients had effective cure. There was no surgical morbidity or mortality. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic sequestrectomy is a justified approach to skull base osteoradionecrosis. 相似文献
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Osteoradionecrosis is a known complication following radiation therapy, presenting most commonly in the cervical spine as a delayed consequence of radiation that is often necessary in the management of head and neck cancers. In contrast, osteoradionecrosis has rarely been described in the lumbar spine. Here we describe, to our knowledge, the first reported case of lumbar spine osteoradionecrosis, after adjuvant radiation for a primary spinal cord tumor, leading to progressive degenerative scoliosis which required subsequent operative management. Established guidelines recommend that mature bone can tolerate a dose of up to 6000 cGy without injury. However, once bone has been exposed to radiation over this level progressive soft tissue changes may lead to devascularization, leaving the bone vulnerable to osteonecrosis, specifically when manipulated. Radiation necrosis can be progressive and lead to eventual mechanical instability requiring debridement and surgical fixation. In the setting of the lumbar spine, osseous necrosis can lead to biomechanical instability, deformity, pain, and neurologic deficit. 相似文献
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Michael T. Brennan Nathaniel S. Treister Thomas P. Sollecito Brian L. Schmidt Lauren L. Patton Kusha Mohammadi Leslie Long Simpson Helen Voelker James S. Hodges Rajesh V. Lalla 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(12):868-877
Background
No evidence-based guidelines exist for preventive dental care before radiation therapy (RT) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). An ongoing multicenter, prospective cohort study, Clinical Registry of Dental Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients (OraRad), is addressing this knowledge gap. The authors evaluated the level of dental disease before RT in the OraRad cohort, factors associated with dental disease, and dental treatment recommendations made before RT.Methods
As part of OraRad, the authors assessed caries, periodontal disease, dental recommendations, and dental interventions performed before RT.Results
Baseline measures were reported for 356 participants (77% men) with mean (standard deviation) age of 59.9 (11.0) years. Measures included mean number of teeth (22.9), participants with at least 1 tooth with caries (37.2%), and participants with at least 1 tooth with probing depth 5 millimeters or greater (47.4%). Factors associated with less extensive dental disease before RT included having at least a high school diploma, having dental insurance, history of routine dental care, and a smaller tumor size (T1 or T2). Based on the dental examination before RT, 163 (49.5%) participants had dental treatment recommended before RT, with extractions recommended most frequently.Conclusion
Many patients with HNC require dental treatment before RT; more than one-third require extractions.Practical Implications
Most patients have some level of dental disease at the start of RT, indicating the importance of dental evaluation before RT. By observing dental outcomes after RT, OraRad has the potential to determine the best dental treatment recommendations for patients with HNC. 相似文献7.
Marieke M. van de Meent Sarina E.C. Pichardo Myra F. Rodrigues Berit M. Verbist J.P. Richard van Merkesteyn 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2018,46(9):1631-1636
Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) of the mandible is a poorly understood chronic disease. It is assumed to be a form of chronic osteomyelitis. Other forms of chronic osteomyelitis are chronic suppurative osteomyelitis (CSO) and osteoradionecrosis (ORN). This study aimed to investigate radiographic characteristics of DSO and compare these findings with the radiographic characteristics of CSO and ORN in order to radiographically distinguish these three diseases.In this retrospective study, 33 patients were clinically diagnosed with DSO (13), CSO (6), or ORN (14). The panoramic radiographs, computed tomography images, and magnetic resonance images of these patients were evaluated. Osseous and soft tissue changes were analysed.Patients with DSO showed extensive cortical and medullary sclerosis combined with subperiosteal bone formation, condylar process deformation, and hypertrophy and oedema of the masseter muscle. DSO patients showed no pathological fractures or sequestra, which were observed in patients with CSO and ORN.The radiographic characteristics that differentiate DSO from CSO and ORN include subperiosteal bone formation, condylar process deformation, masticatory muscle changes, and the absence of sequestra and pathological fractures. 相似文献
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Niklas Rommel Marco Rainer Kesting Nils Hagen Rohleder Klaus-Dietrich Wolff Jochen Weitz 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2018,46(1):148-154
Purpose
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws represents one of the most severe complications after primary or adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) of large head and neck tumors. In advanced ORN cases, surgical management is generally considered the therapy of choice. However, in several severe ORN patients with extensive bone and soft tissue defects, functional and aesthetic reconstruction represents a huge challenge for any surgeon, with an increased risk of post-operative wound healing disorders. Our aim here was to perform a double free flap technique as a therapeutic option in this difficult patient collective and to evaluate the post-operative outcome.Materials and methods
15 patients with advanced and severe ORN undergoing mandibular and soft tissue reconstruction with a double free flap were retrospectively reviewed. In one single operation involving a three-team approach, an obligatory free fibular flap (FFF) was freely combined with another free flap according to the desired features: anterolateral thigh (ALT) or vastus lateralis flap (VLF), radial forearm flap (RFF) and latissimus dorsi flap (LDF).Results
We found sufficient wound healing in the head and neck region in all patients with no need for any additional surgical intervention. The overall flap success rate was 93.3%, although three revisions of anastomosis were necessary. Furthermore, prolonged stay on the intensive care unit (ICU) and extended hospitalisation were avoided.Conclusion
The double free flap technique with an obligatory FFF provides a suitable surgical solution for the treatment of patients with severe ORN of the mandibular bone for which other conservative or surgical therapy strategies have reached their limits. 相似文献10.
射线照射是现代医疗中常用的方法之一,尤其在恶性肿瘤的治疗中应用广泛。但在放疗过程中,射线可对骨相关细胞、骨微观结构产生直接影响,或对骨髓、脉管系统等产生间接影响,从而造成骨损伤。尽管目前的研究成果对放射性骨损伤的认识并不透彻,但因其具有普遍性,故近年来逐渐受到医疗工作者的重视。笔者对射线引起的骨骼系统损伤及其预防和治疗进行综述。 相似文献