三尖瓣下移畸形的外科治疗及预后

目的 探讨三尖瓣下移畸形的手术方法及术后临床效果.方法 三尖瓣下移畸形患者52例,行三尖瓣置换手术6例,行三尖瓣成形术46例,其中水平房化心室折叠三尖瓣成形术22例(加行DeVegar法成形术6例,Kay法成形术7例);行垂直房化心室折叠三尖瓣成形术24例(加行DeVegar法成形术13和Kay法成形术5例);应用Carpentier环成形6例;有8例患者加行上腔静脉与右肺动脉双向分流术.对术后患者进行随访并观察其预后情况.结果 本组52例患者术后早期死亡2例(3.8％).46例行三尖瓣成形术患者术后3个月复查超声心动图显示三尖瓣轻度反流27例,中度反流3例,无反流16例.6例三尖瓣置换术患者术后3个月复查超声心动图显示生物瓣膜开闭均良好.随访时间12 ～81个月.患者1年、3年、5年生存率分别为96.0％、88.0％、82.0％.结论 根据术中探查发现畸形的类型及其严重程度选择最合适的手术方式对三尖瓣下移畸形患者预后意义重大.     

Clinical Impact of Computational Heart Valve Models

This paper provides a review of engineering applications and computational methods used to analyze the dynamics of heart valve closures in healthy and diseased states. Computational methods are a cost-effective tool that can be used to evaluate the flow parameters of heart valves. Valve repair and replacement have long-term stability and biocompatibility issues, highlighting the need for a more robust method for resolving valvular disease. For example, while fluid–structure interaction analyses are still scarcely utilized to study aortic valves, computational fluid dynamics is used to assess the effect of different aortic valve morphologies on velocity profiles, flow patterns, helicity, wall shear stress, and oscillatory shear index in the thoracic aorta. It has been analyzed that computational flow dynamic analyses can be integrated with other methods to create a superior, more compatible method of understanding risk and compatibility.     

应用冠脉技术成功治疗重度肺动脉瓣狭窄一例

我国于20世纪80年代中期开展经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术(PBPV)技术,现已成为治疗先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)的首选方法。但对于重度狭窄瓣口面积极小的婴幼儿,常规的球     

Intracardiac Eustachian Valve Cyst in an Adult Detected with Other Cardiac Anomalies: Usefulness of Multidetector CT in Diagnosis

We present an unusual case of an intracardiac Eustachian valve cyst observed concurrently with atresia of the coronary sinus ostium, a persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) and a bicuspid aortic valve. There have been several echocardiographic reports of Eustachian valve cysts; however, there is no report of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings related to a Eustachian valve cyst. Recently, we observed a Eustachian valve cyst diagnosed on MDCT showing a hypodense cyst at the characteristic location of the Eustachian valve (the junction of the right atrium and inferior vena cava). MDCT also demonstrated additional cardiovascular anomalies including atresia of the coronary sinus ostium and a persistent LSVC and bicuspid aortic valve.     

Eroded Valves,Recurrent Pleural Effusions,and Ultimately Heart–Liver Transplant

A patient with eroded tricuspid and pulmonic valves, who eventually developed elevated right atrial and systemic venous pressure that led to hepatic cirrhosis and recurrent pleural effusion, is presented. The complex issues involved over a long period in this patient, who ultimately required combined heart and liver transplant, are discussed.     

浅低温心脏不停跳瓣膜置换手术中监测与护理进展

使心脏在有节律的空跳状态下完成心脏瓣膜替换手术,是90年代初期在国内兴起的一种较接近生理的心肌保护技术,在心脏外科手术领域应用的又一进展。该方法避免了传统的低温停跳心肌保护技术,无法避免的心肌缺血性损害及再灌注损伤等缺点[1],有效地防止了术后低心排血量综合征和严重心律失常,明显降低术后死亡率[2]。     

Management of aortic valve disease in the presence of left ventricular dysfunction

The development of heart failure in patients with aortic valve disease is associated with increased mortality, unless aortic valve replacement is performed. There is an especially high risk of death among patients with low ejection fraction. The heart failure must be treated and the patient’s condition stabilized before surgery is performed. A delay in surgery, on the other hand, may lead to irreversible cardiac dysfunction and culminate in heart failure. Initial management must include an evaluation of the severity of the lesion and the functional state of the left ventricle. It is possible to achieve both of these goals simultaneously with echocardiography and pharmacologic challenge.     

Statistical analysis of the results of heart valve replacement

A variety of statistical methods can be used to analyze the results of heart valve replacement. In this review, we illustrate the methodology and the application of the techniques that are most widely used. For early events, univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression are illustrated. For late (time-related) events, nonparametric methods (Kaplan–Meier and cumulative incidence or ‘actual’ analysis), parametric methods (based on the exponential, Gompertz and Weibull distributions) and semiparametric methods (Cox proportional hazards) are illustrated.