几丁聚糖预防输卵管通液术后再粘连的疗效观察

目的:观察输卵管通液术中加入几丁聚糖提高受孕率的效果。方法:将184例输卵管性不孕患者随机分为2组,治疗组95例常规通液治疗后再注入0.3%几丁聚糖10ml;对照组89例仅用常规通液治疗。结果:术后6mo内,治疗组和对照组的受孕率分别为40.7%和24.4%(P<0.05);通液1次受孕率分别为40.32%和25.42%(P<0.05);通液2次以上受孕率分别为41.67%和21.74%(P<0.05)。结论:几丁聚糖能有效减少输卵管通液术后再粘连的发生,通液术后注入几丁聚糖是提高受孕率的有效方法。     

Tisotumab vedotin in Japanese patients with recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer: Results from the innovaTV 206 study

New treatments, particularly second‐line options, are needed to improve outcomes for patients with recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer (r/mCC). Tisotumab vedotin (TV) is an antibody–drug conjugate directed to tissue factor, a transmembrane protein commonly expressed in cancer cells, to deliver cytotoxic monomethyl auristatin E. This single‐arm, open‐label phase 1/2 trial evaluated the consistency of safety and efficacy outcomes of TV in Japanese patients with r/mCC to bridge the current findings with those reported in previous trials in non‐Japanese patients in the United States and Europe. In part 1 (dose escalation; N = 6), patients with advanced solid tumors received TV 1.5 or 2.0 mg/kg once every 3 weeks to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Part 2 (dose expansion; N = 17) evaluated the RP2D in r/mCC patients with 1–2 prior lines of therapy. In part 1, no dose‐limiting toxicities were observed, the MTD was not reached, and TV 2.0 mg/kg was established as the RP2D. In part 2, the most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were anemia (58.8%), nausea (58.8%), alopecia (47.1%), epistaxis (47.1%), and diarrhea (35.3%); adverse events of special interest were bleeding (76.5%), ocular events (35.3%), and peripheral neuropathy (17.6%), and were mostly grade 1/2. In part 2, confirmed objective response rate was 29.4%, median duration of response was 7.1 months, and median time to response was 1.2 months. In Japanese patients with r/mCC, TV demonstrated a manageable and tolerable safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy profile consistent with that observed in non‐Japanese patients.     

Pathophysiology of fibroid disease: angiogenesis and regulation of smooth muscle proliferation

Uterine fibroids are the most common tumours presenting in women. The pathophysiology of fibroids is poorly understood, but disordered angiogenesis and altered smooth muscle cell proliferation are believed to play a role. In this review, current knowledge of both of these processes will be summarized. Differences between 'normal' adjacent myometrium and fibroid tumours within the same uterus are outlined. Exploiting these differences represents one of the best opportunities for the development of medical treatments that target fibroid tissue selectively.