Esophageal pressure and apnea hypopnea index in sleep-disordered breathing

Severity of negative esophageal pressure (Pes) and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) were investigated in six cases of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) and 11 cases of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The severity of negative Pes was represented by the highest peak (Pes Max) and the number of increased episodes (more than 13.5 cmH2O) per h (NPesI13.5). There was no significant correlation between Pes indices and AHI. Pes Max and NPesI13.5 were not different among severe OSAS (AHI > 30), mild OSAS (AHI < 30) and UARS. Apnea hypopnea index failed to represent the severity of negative Pes, which is an important aspect of the pathophysiology of sleep-disordered breathing.     

凝血酶治疗新生儿上消化道出血的研究

目的　探讨凝血酶治疗新生儿上消化道出血的临床效果。方法　对 2 0 0 0年至今收住院的新生儿上消化道出血患儿 17例 ,除常规综合疗法外 ,静脉滴注维生素K1 10mg/d ,连用 4～ 7d。结果　治疗组 17例 ,显效 16例 ,显效率 97% ,对照组 15例 ,显效 7例 ,显效率 40 % ,两组比较有明显差异性 (P <0 0 0 1)。治疗组止血时间 1 3 5± 0 6d ,对照组平均止血时间 3 2±0 5d ,两组比较有明显差异性 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　凝血酶治疗新生儿上消化道出血为一种安全、方便 ,无副作用的首选止血药物     

喜炎平和利巴韦林治疗急性上呼吸道感染的比较

目的 比较喜类平注射液(主要成份:穿心莲内酯)和利巴韦林注射液治疗急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 将204例急性上呼吸道感染患儿随机分成两组,治疗组133例,给予喜炎平注射液0.2～0.4m/(kg·d)。对照组71例,给予利巴韦林注射液10～15mg/(kg·d),两组均加苯唑青霉素50mg/kg·d,静滴。结果 治疗组治愈时间5.14±1.50d,对照组5.55±1.46d,两组平均治愈时间无显著差异(P>0.05),但治疗组平均退热时间与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论 喜炎平注射液具有抗病毒,抗菌作用,副作用小,是治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染较理想的药物。     

利巴韦林颗粒剂对小儿病毒性上呼吸道感染的疗效评价

[目的] 评价利巴韦林颗粒剂(同欣颗粒)对小儿病毒性上呼吸道感染的疗效和安全性。[方法] 将446例病毒性上呼吸道感染儿童随机分为同欣颗粒治疗组(1组)和利巴韦林注射剂(病毒唑注射液)治疗组(Ⅱ组)。Ⅰ组共有病例235例，每日3次口服同欣颗粒，用药剂量为10mg／(kg．d)；Ⅱ组为211例，每日2次肌肉注射病毒哩，剂量为10mg／(kg．d)。用χ2检验评定两组间在疗效和安全性方面的差异。[结果]Ⅰ组有194例为显效，显效率82．6％，不良反应发生率为4．7％；Ⅱ组显效人数为180例，显效率85．3％，不良反应发生率为5．2％。两组在疗效和不良反应方面无显著性差异，P＞0．05。[结论]同欣颗粒在用于治疗小儿病毒性上呼吸道感染时，与病毒唑注射液的疗效和安全性基本相同。     

乳腺癌根治术加放射治疗后上肢并发症的临床分析

目的了解乳腺癌根治手术加放射治疗患者上肢并发症的发病情况及其影响因素。方法对于接受根治或改良根治术后加放射治疗且放射治疗后已超过1年(中位数2.8年)的74例乳腺癌患者,从症状和体征两个方面进行了观测,并应用多因素回归分析相关的发病因素。结果患者上肢水肿的发生率在症状和体征检查中均约为50%,肩关节功能下降分别为49%和58%,患者年龄和全腋窝照射是发生上肢水肿与肩关节运动障碍的独立影响因素。结论上肢水肿和肩关节运动障碍是乳腺癌根治性手术加放射治疗后较常见的并发症,腋窝处理中减少正常组织的损伤以预防或降低其发生率,应该予以高度重视。     

An endogastric capsule for measuring tumor markers in gastric juice: an evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a new diagnostic tool.

BACKGROUND: In gastric juice, high levels of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) have been found to correlate with precancerous lesions and gastric cancer. So far, sampling of gastric juice has required upper endoscopy. In place of this invasive procedure, we investigated a new tool for the quantitation of tumor markers in gastric juice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of healthy controls and consecutive subjects with suspected gastric cancer or dyspepsia/epigastric distress. Patients were asked to swallow a small gelatine capsule (14 mm in length and 5 mm in diameter) containing a pierced plastic cover and surrounding a piece of absorbent paper. The capsule was left in the gastric cavity for 60 min to allow saturation of the absorbent paper with gastric juice. A 45-50 cm length of nylon thread connected to the inner capsule was used to remove the device from the gastric cavity. After processing the absorbent paper for radioimmunoassay, CEA and CA 19-9 levels were correlated to the findings of upper endoscopy and biopsies of gastric mucosa or suspected lesions. RESULTS: The endogastric capsule did not cause any side-effects and 62 participants were fully compliant to the procedure. Assessable gastric juice samples were taken from 23 patients with gastric cancer, 15 patients with intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia, 12 patients with gastritis and 12 controls without gastric diseases. In the 12 samples of gastric juice from control patients, mean values of CEA and CA 19-9 were 1.1 +/- 0.9 ng/ml and 16 +/- 7.5 ng/ml, respectively. The mean levels of both markers were found to increase according to the severity of gastric lesions and in patients with cancer, mean CEA and CA 19-9 levels were 513 +/- 627 ng/ml and 545 +/- 510 ng/ml, respectively. Patients with precancerous lesions and cancer showed higher levels of CEA and CA 19-9 than patients with normal findings or gastritis (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The endogastric capsule is a simple, non-invasive tool for the measurement of CEA and CA 19-9 levels in gastric juice. These values may discriminate between normal or minor pathologic changes and precancerous lesions or carcinomas. Further investigations are warranted, since this may represent a new method for gastric cancer screening.     

急性上消化道出血112例临床疗效分析

采用国家中医药管理局颁布的《中医血证治疗常规》治疗急性上消化道出血112例，取得了较好疗效，总有效率达94．6％。进行了证和疗效，原发病和疗效，病情程度和疗关系的分析。说明中医血证治疗效常规在临床实践中是切实可行的。     

柴莪退热栓治疗急性病毒性上呼吸道感染临床研究

目的观察柴莪退热栓治疗急性病毒性上呼吸道感染中医辨证属卫分证、卫气同病证的临床疗效,并探讨外感高热卫分证、卫气同病证证候与疗效间的关系.方法将患者 80例随机分为治疗组与对照组,分别予柴莪退热栓和消炎痛栓塞肛,并进行安全性评价.结果两组总体疗效相当,且未发现明显毒副作用.结论 柴莪退热栓治疗急性病毒性上呼吸道感染疗效满意.     

肝硬化上消化道出血与时间及季节的相关性分析

目的探讨肝硬化门静脉高压患者上消化道出血与时间及季节的相关性。方法回顾性分析225例患者440次上消化道出血的时间和季节。结果1天24小时12个时间段中,19-21时为上消化道出血的第1个高峰期,23-1时为第2个高峰期,5-7时为第3个高峰期。发生在夜间的有298次,发生率为67.7%;发生在白天的有142次,发生率为32.3%,夜间出血发生率明显高于白天。冬春季的出血发生率明显高于夏秋季,两者比较有显著意义(P<0.01)。结论肝硬化患者上消化道出血的发生有明显的时间及季节相关性。     

清开灵软胶囊治疗急性上呼吸道感染的临床研究

目的:探讨清开灵软胶囊对急性发热的疗效,及其证效关系。方法:清开灵软胶囊采用每日4次,每次1.6 g的剂量口服,并以双黄连口服液做对照,观察急性上呼吸道感染发热患者129例,疗程3 d。结果:清开灵软胶囊愈显率73.34%,双黄连口服液愈显率43.59%,前者疗效优于后者(P<0.05)。清开灵软胶囊对风热型的疗效优于风寒型(P<0.05)。清开灵软胶囊降低体温和减少数脉、增加缓脉的作用较双黄连口服液显著(P<0.05)。清开灵软胶囊服用中,少数出现轻度胃肠道反应。结论:清开灵软胶囊是治疗急性上呼吸道感染发热疗效显著且副作用小的药品。