Multipotency of Flk1CD34 progenitors derived from human fetal bone marrow

We report that a cell population derived from human fetal bone marrow, termed Flk1+CD34- multipotent stem cells, can differentiate not only into osteogenic, adipogenic, and endothelial lineages but also into hepatocyte-like cells and neural and erythroid cells at the single-cell level. We depleted mononuclear cells from fetal bone marrow of CD45+, GlyA+, and CD34+ cells with the use of micromagnetic beads, then cultured them by limiting dilution. Three single colonies were harvested, expanded, and characterized. The clones have been expanded for more than 50 cell doublings, and cell-doubling time was about 30 hours. About 90% cells were in the G(0)/G(1) phase of the cell cycle, and the cells from the single colony maintained Flk1+ and CD34-. Because fetal bone marrow-derived Flk1+CD34-multipotent stem cells have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation even after being expanded for more than 50 cell doublings, they may be an ideal source of stem cells for the treatment of inherited or degenerative diseases.     

川芎嗪治疗川崎病的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨减少川崎病发生冠状动脉病变的治疗方法。方法:用川芎嗪结合西药治疗川崎病92例,观察临床表现的消失时间和冠状动脉病变的发生率。结果:川芎嗪结合西药治疗川崎病,冠状动脉病变发生率为10.4%,纯西药组29.5%,有显著差异(P0.05),而临床表现的消退时间无明显差异性。结论:川芎嗪对减少川崎病发生冠状动脉病变有显著的治疗和预防作用。     

Topography of locus ceruleus neurons projecting to the area dentata

The distribution of locus ceruleus neurons projecting to the dorsal and ventral area dentata was studied using the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Furthermore, the possibility that collaterals of single locus ceruleus neurons innervate both the dorsal and ventral area dentata was explored with a retrograde double-label technique using HRP and the fluorescent dye 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole 2 HCl (DAPI). Fusiform and multipolar neurons of the pars dorsalis of the locus ceruleus (LC_d) were labeled after injection of HRP into the area dentata. The HRP-positive cells were found almost exclusively in the dorsal LC_d after dorsal area dentata injections whereas ventral injections labeled neurons throughout the LC_d. The highest density of LC_d neurons labeled from the ventral area dentata was observed in the dorsal half of the LC_d and thus overlapped with the distribution of neurons labeled from dorsal injections. Neurons containing both HRP and DAPI were observed in the dorsal LC_d suggesting that the topographic coincidence of neurons labeled from dorsal and ventral area dentata was in part a result of single neurons having terminals in both loci.     

应用内源性过氧化物酶——联苯胺细胞化学法显示中枢神经系统内微血管方法的研究

应用血细胞中内源性过氧化物酶将底物过氧化氢分解,产生原子氧,使无色联苯胺及其衍生物呈色,显示中枢神经系统微血管的原理,在辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)呈色技术启示下,确立了4种中枢神经系统微血管显示法,即二氨基联苯胺法(DAB)、二盐酸联苯胺法(BDHC)、邻-联茴香胺法(O-D)以及四甲基联苯胺法(TMB)。实验结果表明,这4种方法均能清晰地呈现中枢神经系统内的徽血管,4种方法的显示结果并无显著性差异(P>0.05)。这4种方法的建立将为中枢神经系统微血管解剖学研究,病理组织血管构筑研究以及中枢神经系统内移植物血管重建研究提供了重要的技术手段。     

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia associated antigen. IV Expression on non-leukaemic ‘lymphoid’ cells

The cellular specificity of the common ALL (cALL) membrane (gp100) antigen and the p28, 33 (Ia-like) antigen has been further explored. Non-leukaemic cells with a variable and usually weak expression of the cALL antigen can be demonstrated in foetal haemopoietic tissue, in bone marrow of normal children, in the marrow of children with a variety of non-leukaemic haematologic and non-haematologic disorders. In normal children the cALL antigen positive cells appear to be restricted to the bone marrow. These cells are regularly detected in the marrow of many leukaemic (ALL, AML) and non-leukaemic children with post-chemotherapy associated lymphocytosis, in marrow transplant recipients, and in neonatal ‘leukaemoid’ reactions. When the number of cALL⁺ cells is monitored in children following cessation of maintenance chemotherapy for ALL, some prognostic correlation can be observed; in general, however, the numbers of ‘lymphoid’ cells bearing these leukaemia associated antigens have no clear predictive value with respect to relapse.Analysis by simultaneous markers coupled with flow microfluorimetry and sorting indicates that the majority of cALL antigen⁺ cells (> 90%) are positive for the p28, 33 (Ia-like) antigen but do not express markers of mature lymphocytes (T antigen, E sheep, E mouse rosettes, surface immunoglobulin), binding sites for complement and IgG or a myeloid membrane antigen. More than 90% of pre-B cells (i.e. cyt IgM⁺, SmIg^?) are p28, 33 positive but only a small proportion (5–15%) are cALL antigen positive. These and additional data support the view that the cALL and p28, 33 (Ia) antigens are normal ‘early’ differentiation antigens of the lymphoid lineage.     

Megakaryoblastic differentiation of proerythroblastic K562 cell-line cells

The human proerythroblastic leukemia cell-line K562 was induced to differentiate into megakaryocytic cells by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Megakaryocytic differentiation was detected when lineage-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to monitor the effect of TPA on K562 cells. A monoclonal anti-platelet antibody (C17) directed against an epitope present on GP IIIa appeared to react with K562 cells after induction. This was observed together with the disappearance of glycophorin A, the erythrocyte-specific lineage antigen. The induced megakaryocytic cells were also detected by ultrastructural platelet peroxidase (PPO). Immunoprecipitation, after ectolabeling of the cells with the C17 antibody and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, proved that TPA-induced K562 expressed both GP IIIa and GP IIb. However, the monoclonal antibody C15 directed against another epitope of platelet GP IIIa reacted only partially, or not at all, indicating that GP IIIa expressed on TPA-induced K562 differs structurally from that on normal platelets. K562 clones, expressing glycophorin A in all cells, were obtained by limiting dilution and culture. When these clones were treated with TPA, again megakaryocytic cells were obtained. These findings are discussed in relation to normal megakaryocytopoiesis.     

UGT2B7基因多态性与联苯胺职业暴露工人尿脱落细胞巴氏分级结果的关系

[目的]研究UGT2B7基因多态性与联苯胺职业暴露工人尿脱落细胞巴氏分级(PG)结果之间的关系。[方法]选取上海市染料化工行业职业性联苯胺接触队列中2003年接受膀胱癌医学监护的成员248人为对象,应用聚合酶链反应.限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)检测UGT2B7基因型;用巴氏分级法对尿脱落细胞进行分级。[结果]PG>Ⅱ组和PG≤Ⅱ组的UGT2BT*1/*1(CC)基因型携带者的比率分别为54.9%和48.0%(P>0.05)。两组人群UGT2B7各基因型的分布频率也未见显著性差异(P>0.05)。[结论]UGT2B7基因多态性形态对联苯胺暴露工人PG升高的风险可能没有影响。     

核有丝分裂器蛋白22在联苯胺接触人群医学监护中的应用

[目的]研究联苯胺接触人群中核有丝分裂器蛋白22（NMP22）的表达情况。[方法]用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）法测定联苯胺接触人群尿液中的NMP22，以巴氏分级法对尿脱落细胞进行分级。[结果]联苯胺接触人群中巴氏分级Ⅰ级组NMP22的测定值显著低于6U／ml的诊断标准（P〈0．05）；巴氏分级〉Ⅰ级组NMP22的测定值显著高于6U／ml（P〈0．01）。巴氏分级〉Ⅰ级组NMP22的测定值虽高于巴氏分级Ⅰ级组，但两组间NMP22测定值的差异不具有统计学意义（P＝0．909）。[结论]尿液中NMP22可作为联苯胺接触人群常规医学监护的生物指标，但尿中NMP22的测定尚不能替代尿脱落细胞巴氏染色检查法作为职业性膀胱癌高危人群医学监护的指标。     

Multiple primary cancers following exposure to benzidine and beta-naphthylamine

The incidence of second primary cancers has been ascertained in 3,322 employees who had worked from 1950 to 1978 in industries in Japan that manufactured benzidine and beta-naphthylamine. Of the 244 workers who had suffered from and died of cancer of the genitourinary organs (first primary cancer), 11 (all male) had subsequent primary, histologically confirmed cancers of the liver, gallbladder, bile duct, large intestine, and lung. A control group of 177 male bladder cancer patients, assembled from the Osaka Cancer Registry during 1965-1975, showed eight cases of a second primary, five being stomach cancer. No stomach cancer was observed in the study cohort. A statistically significant excess risk for liver, gall bladder, and bile duct cancer (p < 0.05) was found The number of observed deaths from respiratory cancer was greater than expected, though not statistically significant. These findings appear to confirm previous clinical data suggesting an increased occurrence of multiple primary cancers in workers exposed to benzidine/beta-naphthylamine, pointing to a pluripotential action of these carcinogens.     

Chronic oral administration of alkyl lead solutions to the rhesus monkey

The administration of tetraethyl lead (TEL) and tetramethyl lead (TML) to the rhesus monkey for 6 months at the dose level equivalent to 6 μg/kg/day of lead did not induce clinical manifestations of toxicity. Minor elevations in blood lead levels and tissue lead were found in animals receiving tetraethyl lead.