小剂量庆大霉素鼓室内注射治疗难治性梅尼埃病对听力影响的研究

目的　明确小剂量庆大霉素鼓室内注射治疗难治性梅尼埃病眩晕对听力的影响。方法　回顾分析60例单侧难治性梅尼埃病患者显微镜下小剂量鼓室内注射庆大霉 素,记录注射前后言语频率、4和8 kHz听阈变化。结果  60例患者中言语频率、4和8 kHz听阈,注射前分别为（61.92±2.03）dB、（68.00±2.69）dB、（75.73±2.86）dB,注射后分别为（57.41±2.01）dB、（65.11±2.87）dB、（72.51±3.18）dB,无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;庆大霉素鼓室内注射治疗后在言语听阈、4和8 kHz听阈提高≥15 dB患者分别有4、5、4例;听力下降率分别为6.67%、8.33%,6.67%,而注射后言语听阈、4和8 kHz听阈降低≥15 dB患者分别有8、8、8例,听力改善率为13.33%;余者听力注射前后听阈变化在10 dB之内。结论　小剂量庆大霉素鼓室内注射治疗难治性梅尼埃病眩晕安全有效,对听力无明显影响。     

掌跖角化-牙周破坏综合征个案患者家系组织蛋白酶C的基因突变分析

目的 通过研究一例掌跖角化-牙周破坏综合征（PLS）患者及其家系组织蛋白酶C（CTSC）基因突变的特点,提供PLS分子致病机制的理论依据,丰富PLS基因诊断和治疗的科学资料。方法 取得临床发现的一例PLS先证者及其家属知情同意,分别提取先证者及其父母、姐姐的基因组DNA,应用聚合酶链反应和DNA直接测序技术,分析先证者及其直系血亲CTSC基因的突变情况。结果 PLS先证者CTSC基因存在复合型杂合突变,突变位点是c.754C>T和c.1040A>G,其父母均为携带者,姐姐未发现突变。结论 PLS先证者的临床表征是由CTSC基因突变引起。     

强化良性阵发性位置性眩晕和梅尼埃病诊疗指南的临床指导

眩晕是普通人群常见的症状,1年患病率为5％,成年人发病率为1.4％[1].眩晕症状是临床医师每天都可能面对的普遍问题,准确的鉴别、合理的治疗是控制眩晕性疾病反复发作的核心环节.为规范临床医师工作习惯和工作流程并获得优良的诊疗结果,国内外耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会和神经科学会制定了一系列临床指南,其中良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)作为外周性眩晕疾病的典型代表是目前最受关注的焦点;同样由于梅尼埃病(Ménière's disease,MD)发病机制不清、诊断困难等特点也引起各国科学家的更多关注和研究.     

种植体支抗载荷部位对尖牙和磨牙应力分布的影响

目的利用有限元分析法,模拟Carrière Distalizer矫治器（CD矫治器）作用于上颌组牙。分析相同载力下,经不同部位的种植体支抗施力于CD矫治器时,上颌尖牙和磨牙的应力分布及位移变化。方法构建CD矫治器作用模式的三维有限元模型,设载荷力值为1.47 N（150 g）。载荷方向分别为尖牙和磨牙平面下夹角30°4、0°,平面上夹角15°,分别代表下颌远中、下颌近中、上颌3个部位的种植支抗。分析经不同部位的种植体支抗施力于CD矫治器时,上颌尖牙和磨牙的应力分布及位移情况。结果上颌种植支抗作用于磨牙的应力较小,但引起磨牙较大的位移;作用于尖牙的应力较大,但尖牙的位移却不明显。下颌近中种植支抗对尖牙的作用最为明显,使尖牙的应力分布最小,而位移却相对较大。结论经下颌远中、下颌近中、上颌3个不同位置的种植体支抗施力于CD矫治器,对磨牙和尖牙产生了不同影响,选择种植体支抗作为CD矫治器的支抗源时,位置选择应慎重。     

Construction and Application of Chain Management Information System for Cancer Pain

BackgroundWith the rapid development of information technology, hospital information systems (HISs) have been deeply applied in the medical field and have shown broad application prospects. There are still some noninteroperable clinical information systems that pose an obstacle to the effective coordination of care, such as cancer pain management.AimTo construct a chain management information system for cancer pain and explore its clinical application effect.MethodsA quasiexperimental study was conducted in the inpatient department of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. A total of 259 patients were nonrandomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (after the system was applied, n = 123) and the control group (before the system was applied, n = 136). The cancer pain management evaluation form score, patient satisfaction with pain control, pain score at admission and discharge, and the worst pain score during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.ResultsCompared with the control group, the score of the cancer pain management evaluation form was significantly higher (p < .05). There were no statistically significant differences in worst pain intensity, pain score at admission and discharge, and patients’ satisfaction with pain control between the two groups.ConclusionsThe cancer pain chain management information system can enable nurses to evaluate and record pain in a more standardized way, but it has no significant effect on the pain intensity of cancer patients.