改良式可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效

目的观察改良式可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法应用改良式可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法,将荷包缝线在膀胱外交叉后从腹壁穿出,再以鞋带式活结结扎的方法行前列腺摘除,治疗20例BPH患者,观察其疗效。结果手术时间为70～130min,分别于术后7～9d去除气囊导尿管及膀胱造瘘管。20例患者排尿通畅,未发生严重血尿及尿失禁。前列腺手术前、后症状评分(IPSS)间差别有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论改良式可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法治疗BPH效果良好。     

一种新型颈椎椎弓根置钉定位器的研制

介绍一种可三维调节的颈椎椎弓根置钉定位器,该装置作为钻模应用于颈椎椎弓根的钻孔定位,实现个体化置钉。给出了设计原理、使用方法,推导出椎弓根术前影像学数据与定位器钻套调整角的关系,并编制了计算应用软件。进行了功能评价和误差分析。     

伴有面转代偿头位的先天性下直肌麻痹临床特征与手术治疗

目的：描述伴有面转代偿头位的先天性单纯下直肌麻痹患者的临床表现,并分析其手术治疗效果。

方法：回顾性分析2014-05/2018-07伴有明显面转代偿头位的先天性下直肌麻痹患者,手术前后患者面转程度的变化借助骨科量角器来检查,垂直、水平斜视度变化通过三棱镜交替遮盖试验来测量,旋转斜视度变化通过眼底对眼球客观旋转状态评估。下直肌缩短术是主要治疗方案。

结果：在15例研究对象中,有13例行下直肌缩短术或者联合上直肌后徙术术后疗效好,下直肌运动不足明显改善,眼球运动协调,以面转为主的代偿头位消失,垂直、水平、旋转斜视得到矫正; 并得出：每缩短1 mm下直肌可矫正1.54±0.93°内旋斜视。而行下斜肌断腱术治疗的垂直斜视度小的患者,面转改善不理想,仍遗留眼球运动不协调。

结论：先天性单纯的下直肌麻痹以面转代偿头位为主,下直肌缩短术治疗效果好,轻度的过矫及欠矫不影响手术疗效。     

Arthroscopic Management of Giant Meniscal Cysts Among Young Patients: An Average Three‐Year MRI Follow‐Up

ObjectiveTo describe an arthroscopic technique for giant meniscal cyst excision with preservation of the functional meniscus, report the short‐ and medium‐term outcomes, and assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for follow‐up imaging evaluations.MethodsA total of 54 consecutive patients with symptomatic meniscal cysts were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2014 and 2019. Nine patients with giant meniscus cysts (six females and three males) were included in this study. The age range of the patients was 6–34 years. All patients underwent a complete physical examination, X‐ray, Doppler ultrasound, and MRI of the knee preoperatively. After an arthroscopic diagnosis of a meniscal rupture with a giant meniscal cyst, partial meniscectomy, ablation of the cyst, and suturing of the retainable meniscus were performed. Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were used preoperatively and at the most recent follow‐up. Clinical outcomes were classified into four categories: excellent, good, fair, and poor. During the last visit, all patients underwent MRI to assess the recurrence of the cyst and meniscal suture healing.ResultsPreoperative MRI and arthroscopic examination revealed giant meniscal cysts combined with meniscal tears and congenital discoid meniscus, and all giant meniscal cysts occurred in the lateral meniscus. The main types of meniscal tears were horizontal and complex tears. The cysts were unicystic in one case and multicystic in eight cases. The mean size of the cysts on the MRI was 5.86 cm × 2.24 cm × 2.48 cm. The mean follow‐up periods were 37.5 (19–60) months. Clinical outcomes were excellent in six patients and good in three patients. The postoperative scores were significantly improved compared to the preoperative scores (Lysholm: 90.78 ± 4.60 vs. 54.56 ± 7.25; IKDC: 96.2 ± 3.46 vs. 61.69 ± 3.36; p <0.01). No recurrence of the cyst was indicated on the MRI, and there was good healing of the torn meniscus.ConclusionsArthroscopic cystectomy combined with the meniscus suture technique was effective to eradicate residual cyst cavities, and traffic orifices be highly recommended.     

责任护士竞争上岗的做法与体会

目的实施责任护士竞争上岗,营造竞争氛围,提高护理服务质量。方法通过理论、操作考核,责任护士竞争上岗,聘任使用。结果调动了护士工作的积极性,病人满意度由90．00％上升为97．60％;医生满意度由93．62％上升为98．36％,提高了护士的整体素质。结论责任护士竞争上岗打破了护士干好干坏一个样的局面,营造了良好的竞争氛围。     

健康教育对水中分娩产妇影响的研究

[目的]了解健康宣教对产妇水中分娩的影响。[方法]选择2006年10月-2008年4月符合水中分娩条件的46例产妇为实验组,对符合水中分娩的产妇及家属进行水中分娩健康教育,以同期进行传统分娩的产妇61例为对照组。对两组产妇产后的疼痛强度、隐私满意度、体位舒适度及两组活跃期及第二产程时间进行比较。[结果]两组产妇疼痛强度及体位舒适度经比较差异有统计学意义,隐私满意度差异无统计学意义。[结论]在符合水中分娩条件下,通过健康宣教可促进水中分娩顺利进行。     

改良体位护理在腹腔镜直肠癌Dixon手术患者中的应用

目的 观察改良体位护理方法在腹腔镜直肠低位前切除手术患者中的应用效果.方法 选取行腹腔镜直肠低位前切除术的手术患者210例,采用随机数字表法将其分为传统组和改良组,各105例.传统组采用截石位支腿架及肩档进行常规体位摆放,改良组采用自制下肢体位垫及头颈肩约束带进行改良体位摆放.比较2组体位摆放时间、患者下肢麻木情况、肩...     

Relationship between hand-behind-back motion and internal rotation with the shoulder in extension

[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the extent of shoulder internal rotation measured in the extended position of the shoulder could be a good indicator of hand-behind-back motion ability. [Participants and Methods] We measured internal rotation with the shoulder in extension in 26 healthy adults (average age, 25.2 ± 2.5 years). Internal rotation was measured passively in the supine position at 30° of shoulder extension. Additionally, a hand-behind-back motion was performed, and the hand-behind-back distance was measured. The relationship between the angle of internal rotation with the shoulder in extension and hand-behind-back distance was evaluated using Pearson’s product-moment correlation. The level of significance was set at 5%. [Results] The angle of internal rotation with the shoulder in extension and the hand-behind-back distance correlate significantly. [Conclusion] Internal rotation with the shoulder in extension is a good indicator of hand-behind-back motion.     

B-Lynch缝合术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的效果

目的：探讨B-Lynch缝合术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的临床效果。方法选取本院2011年1月~2014年11月收治的90例凶险性前置胎盘患者,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。两组患者均采用常规治疗观察组在常规治疗的基础上采用B-Lynch缝合术进行止血治疗,观察两组的临床疗效。结果观察组的临床疗效显著优于对照组,且手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,子宫切除率低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后体温异常时间、血性恶露持续时间、月经恢复时间与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 B-Lynch缝合术在治疗凶险性前置胎盘中的临床效果显著,可有效减少术中出血量,降低子宫切除率,安全可靠且简单易行,值得临床借鉴。