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51.
目前化疗仍为晚期胃癌的标准治疗手段,而多数患者诊断时已接近晚期。近年新兴的免疫治疗手段程序性死亡蛋白-1(PD-1,programmed death l)抗体,通过阻断肿瘤细胞逃避自身免疫机制,重新激活自身免疫对肿瘤的杀伤作用,从而达到肿瘤的治疗作用。针对晚期胃癌的PD-1抗体治疗的临床研究已在国内外开展,大部分均有较好效果。本文对近年免疫治疗中的PD-1抗体在晚期胃癌的重要临床研究进展进行介绍。  相似文献   
52.
The presented case reports on successful treatment with everolimus in a neonate with left ventricular giant rhabdomyoma. The authors used a different dosage regime compared to literature and documented rapid tumor regression by 3D echocardiography.  相似文献   
53.
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model for multiple sclerosis (MS), in which an inflammatory demyelination and axonal damage occurs. Kombucha tea is a fermented beverage made from kombucha mushroom, brewed tea, and sugar. In recent years kombucha tea has attracted interest due to its pharmacological properties like antioxidant effects. The aim of the present research was to test the therapeutic effect of kombucha tea in EAE. We induced EAE model in 18 female C57BL/6 mice by inoculation of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-35-55 (MOG35-55) in complete Freund’s adjuvant emulsion. Then, in order to ameliorate EAE symptoms, we used kombucha tea. During the course of study clinical evaluation was assessed, and on the day 21 post-immunization, for evaluation of nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidants capacity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), blood samples were taken from the heart of mice. The mice were sacrificed and brains and cerebellums of mice were removed for histological analysis. Our findings demonstrated that kombucha tea had beneficial effects on EAE by lower incidence, attenuation in the severity, and also a delay in the onset of disease. Histological analysis showed that inflammatory criteria including the number of infiltrated immune cells and plaques as well as demyelination in kombucha tea dosed mice were significantly lower than the control group. Also, in comparison with control mice, the serum levels of NO and TNF-α in kombucha tea-treated mice were significantly decreased. Kombucha tea with its potential therapeutic effects and immunomodulatory properties might be proposed, after additional necessary tests and trials, for treatment of MS.  相似文献   
54.
目的:研究体外缺氧对乳腺癌细胞系MCF7浸润能力及其细胞表面黏附分子E-cadherin和细胞骨架蛋白犤细胞角蛋白(cytokeratin)、波形蛋白(vimentin)犦表达的影响。方法:模拟体外缺氧环境,观察缺氧对乳腺癌细胞MCF7浸润穿透Matrigel的能力;以及采用半定量RT-PCR检测细胞表面黏附分子E-cadherin和cytokeratin、vimentin表达情况。结果:缺氧状态下MCF7细胞的浸润能力明显增强;且在缺氧条件下E-cadherin基因表达下降、cytokeratin、vimentin基因表达升高。结论:缺氧状态下MCF7细胞转移能力和其表面的E-cadherin基因、cytokeratin、vimentin基因表达存在一定关系。  相似文献   
55.
目的研究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在膀胱移行细胞癌(TCC)中的表达。方法应用免疫组织化学染色方法观察62例TCC标本VEGF的表达情况。结果TCC组中VEGF的阳性表达率为56.5%(35,62),而8例正常膀胱粘膜组织VEGF表达均为阴性,两组比较差异有高度显著性p〈0.01(x^2=9.032);VEGF表达与膀胱肿瘤病理分级、临床分期、复发密切相关。结论VEGF的异常表达在TCC的发生、发展过两组比较差异有程中起重要作用;该指标的检测有助于预后判断。  相似文献   
56.
Calcified tissue is a common component of atherosclerotic plaques, and occurs most often in mature plaques. The process of calcification is a poorly understood risk factor that may contribute to a plaque's vulnerability to sudden rupture. In this study a solid-state imaging sequence, termed single-point imaging (SPI), was used to observe calcification directly in ex vivo atherosclerotic plaques. Standards were used to validate the ability of (31)P SPI to detect and differentiate calcification from crystalline cholesterol, phospholipids, and other plaque components. After suitable experimental parameters were found, human carotid specimens obtained by endarterectomy were imaged ex vivo by (31)P solid-state imaging and standard (1)H methods. In contrast to (1)H imaging methods, (31)P imaging detected only the calcification in the plaque.  相似文献   
57.
Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas is characterized by slow growth and a relatively favorable prognosis, however, invasive cancer originating in an IPMT is associated with a poor prognosis. Although various parameters in imaging modalities have been advocated to differentiate between benign IPMN and malignant ones, it is not easy to obtain definite diagnosis based on these parameters. Peroral pancreatoscopy (POPS) allows a clear and direct visualization of the pancreatic duct, providing useful information regarding tumor nature in IPMT. The authors have studied the usefulness of POPS in the diagnosis of IPMT. Nevertheless, its usefulness is not necessarily widely accepted and the significance of POPS is still controversial. In this review, the authors intended to address the diagnostic value of POPS and to clarify its role in the diagnosis of IPMT. The authors think treatment of IPMT can be improved by introducing POPS because the determination of surgical procedure as well as the area of resection based on the preoperative diagnosis of the involvement of the main pancreatic duct and branch duct is inevitable.  相似文献   
58.
动脉栓塞对骨盆肿瘤手术疗效的影响   总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13  
[目的]探讨供血动脉栓塞对骨盆肿瘤手术疗效的影响。[方法]本组16例,脊索瘤7例,骨巨细胞瘤3例,骨转移瘤3例,骨肉瘤2例,神经纤维瘤1例。术前1d行肿瘤血管造影并用明胶海绵进行供血动脉栓塞。与对照组(结扎双侧髂内动脉骨盆肿瘤切除术)比较,观察其对术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、术后下床时间、伤口愈合时间及术后各种功能恢复的影响。[结果]骨盆肿瘤切除术前肿瘤供血动脉栓塞与结扎双侧髂内动脉比较,除术中出血量外(P〉0.05),手术、住院、术后下床及伤口愈合时间在统计学上均有非常显著性差异(P〈0.001),而且结扎双侧髂内动脉可能对患者的性功能、排便功能等存在着不良的影响。[结论]肿瘤供血动脉栓塞骨盆肿瘤切除术可大大缩短手术、住院、术后下床、伤口愈合时间,且能更好地保护盆腔内外各组织器官的血运,从而避免其功能的损害。  相似文献   
59.
上肢骨肿瘤切除后的自体骨移植重建   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的探讨应用自体骨移植对上肢骨肿瘤切除后的骨缺损修复重建的效果。方法1998年8月~2004年3月,收治上肢骨肿瘤切除后的骨缺损16例。男8例,女8例。年龄7~45岁。经病理确诊,肱骨近端尤文肉瘤和骨肉瘤各1例;肱骨远端尤文肉瘤2例;桡骨远端骨巨细胞瘤8例,高分化软骨肉瘤2例,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤和骨肉瘤各1例。2例肱骨近端肿瘤行自体锁骨代肱骨;2例肱骨远端肿瘤行自体腓骨代肱骨;12例桡骨远端肿瘤中,1例行自体髂骨移植,11例行自体腓骨代桡骨进行重建。采用MSTS系统进行术后功能评价。结果2例肱骨近端自体锁骨移植患者分别随访36个月和12个月,术后保持部分肩关节前屈和后伸功能,但外展功能丧失;MSTS评分分别为23分和22分。2例肱骨远端自体腓骨移植患者分别随访4个月和6个月,肘关节功能良好,移植骨连接处已经出现骨愈合;MSTS功能评分分别为24分和19分。12例桡骨远端自体骨移植患者中11例随访6~75个月,功能良好,无明显并发症;1例髂骨植骨的桡骨远端骨巨细胞瘤术后3个月移植骨完全愈合,至今随访75个月,肿瘤无复发。MSTS功能评分18~27分,平均22.6分。结论自体骨移植在上肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损的重建,尤其是儿童的骨缺损重建中,是一种较好的方法。  相似文献   
60.
Most ureteral tumors are transitional cell neoplasms. Neuroendocrine tumors of the genitourinary tract are extremely rare. To our knowledge, only one ureteral carcinoid tumor has been reported before. We report a second case of ureteral carcinoid tumor found in a 70-year-old female.  相似文献   
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