脑SPECT显像和CT扫描观察高压氧治疗脑外伤后综合征疗效

目的 对比研究脑外伤后综合征患者在高压氧（ＨＢＯ）治疗前后的脑ＳＰＥＣＴ和脑ＣＴ扫描结果,并对两者的临床及其优越性进行评价。方法 ２８８例脑外伤后综合征患者接受２－４个疗程的ＨＢＯ治疗,并在治疗前后用＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－双半胱乙酯（ＥＣＤ）ＳＰＥＣＴ和ＣＴ进行疗效监测和对比分析。     

Correlation between sagittal plane changes and adjacent segment degeneration following lumbar spine fusion

Adjacent segment degeneration following lumbar spine fusion remains a widely acknowledged problem, but there is insufficient knowledge regarding the factors that contribute to its occurrence. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between abnormal sagittal plane configuration of the lumbar spine and the development of adjacent segment degeneration. Eighty-three consecutive patients who underwent lumbar fusion for degenerative disc disease were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with spondylolytic spondylolisthesis and degenerative scoliosis were not included in this study. Mean follow-up period was 5 years. Results were analysed to determine the association between abnormal sagittal configuration and post operative adjacent segment degeneration. Thirty-one out of 83 patients (36.1%) showed radiographic evidence of adjacent segment degeneration. Patients with normal C7 plumb line and normal sacral inclination in the immediate post operative radiographs had the lowest incidence of adjacent level change compared with patients who had abnormality in one or both of these parameters. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adjacent level degeneration between male and female patients; between posterior fusion alone and combined posterolateral and posterior interbody fusions; and between fusions extending down to the sacrum and fusions stopping short of the sacrum. It was concluded was that normality of sacral inclination is an important parameter for minimizing the incidence of adjacent level degeneration. Retrolisthesis was the most common type of adjacent segment change. Patients with post operative sagittal plane abnormalities should preferably be followed-up for at least 5 years to detect adjacent level changes.     

家兔阴茎皮肤感觉脊神经来源的电生理研究

目的:探讨家兔阴茎感觉神经来源。方法:健康成年雄性新西兰白兔12只,随机均分为两组:每组6只,A组在左侧脊神经上记录,B组在右侧脊神经上记录。对家兔阴茎施加不同大小的机械刺激,用神经单纤维记录技术,在同侧S1~S4脊神经上记录单纤维放电。结果:通过对家兔阴茎施加各种不同机械刺激,在同侧S2~S3脊神经上能记录到放电,S1、S4脊神经上未能记录到放电。左侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:39.67±3.14,S3:21.00±2.19;右侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:40.00±3.16,S3:19.67±2.58,左右侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:家兔阴茎皮肤感觉来源于S2~S3脊神经。     

Kidney Transplantation in Patients with Antibodies against Donor HLA Class II

The immunologic risk associated with donor-specific antibodies (DSA) against Class II human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of KTx when DSA was detected only against HLA Class II. To isolate the impact of anti-Class II DSA, we retrospectively analyzed 12 KTx recipients who at baseline had a positive B-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (FXM) and a negative T-cell FXM. Using alloantibody specification analysis, 58.3% (7/12) had DSA against donor Class II and 41.7% had no demonstrable DSA. Biopsy-proven AMR occurred in 57% (4/7) in the Class II(+) group and 0% in the Class II(-) group (p > 0.05). Peritubular capillaries stained positive for C4d in 86% (6/7) of the Class II(+) patients and in 40% (2/5) of the Class II(-) patients (p > 0.05). One patient in the Class II(+) group lost their graft at 3 months to accelerated transplant glomerulopathy, while all other grafts were functioning 3-37 months posttransplant despite the persistence of anti-Class II DSA. We conclude that KTx recipients with clearly defined anti-Class II DSA are at risk for humoral rejection suggesting that desensitization and/or close posttransplant monitoring may be needed to prevent AMR.     

SLC34 A1和 RGS14单核苷酸多态性与阿德福韦酯治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者血磷浓度的相关性

目的：探讨SLC34A1（rs6420094）和RGS14（rs4074995）单核苷酸多态性与长期服用阿德福韦酯治疗的慢性HBV感染者血磷浓度的相关性。方法选取2012年10月至2013年8月河北医科大学第三医院连续服用阿德福韦酯（10 mg／d）单药或联合治疗至少2年的慢性HBV感染者91例,其中低磷血症患者31例,血磷正常患者60例。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析法测定两位点的基因型,应用χ^2检验分析两位点等位基因分布频率与血磷浓度的关系。结果低磷血症组中,rs6420094基因A／A、A／G和G／G型的例数分别为13,13和5例,而血磷正常组上述基因型的例数分别为35,24和1例。此位点的等位基因A在血磷正常组出现的频率高于低磷血症组（78．3％∶62．9％）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝4．947,P＜0．05）。低磷血症组中,rs4074995基因A／A、A／G和G／G型的例数分别为2,11和18例,而血磷正常组上述基因型的例数分别为1,21和38例,等位基因分布频率在两组间差异无统计学意义（χ^2＝0．625,P＞0．05）。结论 rs6420094多态性可能会影响长期服用阿德福韦酯治疗的慢性HBV感染者的血磷浓度。     

Association of MMP‐1 ‐1607 1G/2G (rs1799750) polymorphism with primary knee osteoarthritis in the Greek population

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis with still unknown pathogenic etiology and considerable contribution of genetic factors. One of the mechanisms of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis is enzymatic proteolysis of the extracellular matrix by metalloproteinases. MMP‐1, produced by chondrocytes and synovial cells, is a major proteinase of the MMPs family. The present study aims at evaluating the association of MMP1 gene ‐1607 1G/2G (rs1799750) polymorphism with primary knee osteoarthritis in the Greek population. One hundred fifty five patients with primary symptomatic knee osteoarthritis participated in the study along with 139 controls. Genotypes were determined using PCR—RLFP technique. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared between both study groups. There was no significant association between MMP1 ‐1607 1G/2G polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis, in crude analysis; however, after multiple logistic regression analysis, 1G/2G was associated with reduced odds of knee osteoarthritis by 75% in males, compared to genotypes 1G/1G + 2G/2G, adjusting for age and BMI (adjusted OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.069, 0.910, p = 0.035). The present study shows that MMP1 ‐1607 1G/2G (rs1799750) polymorphism might be a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis susceptibility in the Greek population. Further investigations are needed to confirm this association in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:1155–1160, 2014.

     

腰椎棘突间动态稳定装置Coflex不同置入深度对相邻节段运动范围影响的生物力学研究

目的:探讨置人腰椎棘突间动态稳定装置Coflex不同深度后对上下相邻节段运动范围的影响.方法:将6具新鲜成人尸体腰椎标本(L1～L5)两端固定在生物力学测试系统上,以L3/4节段为手术节段,L2、L3、L4、L5椎体放置运动范围记录系统用以记录相邻节段(L2/3、L4/5)运动范围.分别对腰椎标本完整状态(保持腰椎韧带及小关节完整)、5mm状态(Coflex的U形顶端距离硬脊膜5mm)、0mm组(距离为0mm)分别加载8N·m的纯力矩进行生物力学测试,测试顺序为前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右侧旋,并记录相邻节段L2/3、L4/5的运动范围.对3组标本在6个方向的相邻节段(L2/3、L4/5)运动范围分别行单个因素的重复测量方差分析,两两对比采用LSD检验.结果:L2/3节段在前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右侧旋6个方向的运动范围,完整组分别为4.23°±0.25°、3.56°±0.14°、3.07°±0.12°、3.34°±0.08°、2.53°±0.16°、2.44°±0.11 °;5mm组分别为4.40°±0.21 °、3.64°±0.14°、3.09°±0.11°、3.35°±0.07°、2.54°±0.16°、2.46°±0.10°;0mm组分别为4.47°±0.20°、3.72°±0.16°、3.14°±0.10°、3.38°±0.08°、2.58°±0.15°、2.49°±0.12°;三组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).L4/5节段三组标本在前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右侧旋6个方向的运动范围,完整组分别为3.80°±0.28°、3.45°±0.11°、3.25°±0.11°、3.28°±0.13°、2.44°±0.11°、2.42°±0.11°;5mm组分别为3.86°±0.28°、3.52°±0.11°、3.28°±0.09°、3.31°±0.05°、2.50°±0.07°、2.46°±0.09°;0mm组分别为3.90°±0.28°、3.59°±0.10°、3.32°±0.08°、3.36°±0.06°、2.52°±0.08°、2.48°±0.09°;三组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:腰椎棘突间动态稳定装置Coflex的U形顶端与硬脊膜的距离≤5mm时,上下邻近节段在前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右侧旋6个方向运动范围较完整状态无明显增加.     

腰椎后路单/双节段融合术后上邻近节段关节突关节退变的研究

目的 :研究腰椎后路单/双节段椎间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)后上邻近节段关节突关节(facet joint,FJ)退变的情况,分析上邻近节段FJ退变的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月～2015年12月于我院行PLIF的退行性腰椎疾病患者共49例,男27例,女22例,平均年龄55.4±8.6(41～72)岁,随访时间33.0±6.3(25～43)个月,根据融合节段分为L4/5组26例;L4-S1组23例。收集各组患者性别、年龄、随访时间、吸烟史、高血压史、糖尿病史、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)等一般资料,比较术前、末次随访时手术上邻近节段FJ的X线、CT、MRI影像学特征(关节间隙狭窄、软骨下骨侵蚀)、邻近节段椎间隙高度、关节突关节角不对称度,依据Weishaupt分级评估FJ退变特征及退变分级,采用秩和检验对两组患者FJ的退变程度进行组内和组间比较。结果:两组患者性别、年龄、随访时间、吸烟史、高血压史、糖尿病史、BMI等一般资料均无统计学差异(P0.05)。L4/5组术前关节间隙狭窄、软骨下骨侵蚀的发生率分别为51.9%、38.4%;末次随访时发生率分别为73.1%,67.3%。L4-S1组术前发生率分别为67.3%、34.8%;末次随访时发生率分别为97.8%、60.9%。末次随访时,L4/5组邻近FJ重度退变率为52%,L4-S1组为78.2%。术前L4/5组椎间隙高度、关节突角不对称度分别为8.95±0.38mm、7.79°±0.21°;L4-S1组分别为8.65±0.63mm、7.90°±0.09°;末次随访时,L4/5组分别为8.33°±0.51mm、10.43°±0.33°;L4-S1组分别为7.68±0.53mm、12.06°±0.20°,两组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腰椎后路双节段融合固定较单节段更易引起上邻近节段FJ退变,且更容易引起关节突的不对称。