Drug-Biomacromolecule Interaction XII: Comparative binding study of sulfaethidole to bovine serum albumin by equilibrium dialysis,fluorescence probe technique,uv difference spectrophotometry and circular dichroism

Binding of sulfaethidole to bovine serum albumin was studied by equilibrium dialysis, fluorescence probe technique, uv difference spectrophotometry and circular dichroism. Equilibrium dialysis method enabled us to estimate the total number of drug binding sites of albumin molecule. For sulfaethidole, albumin had 6 primary and 40 secondary binding sites. The primary and secondary binding constants were 0.9×10⁵ M⁻¹ and 0.2×10⁶ M⁻¹, respectively. 1-Anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) and 2-(4′-hydroxylbenzeneazo)-benzoic acid (HBAB) were used as the fluorescence probe and the uv spectrophotometric probe, respectively. In fluorescence probe technique, results indicated that the number of higher affinity drug binding site of albumin was 1 and the number of lower affinity drug binding sites of albumin was 3, and the primary and secondary drug binding constants for bovine serum albumin were 2.15×10⁵ M⁻¹ and 1.04×10⁵ M⁻¹, respectively. In uv difference spectrophotometry, binding sites were 3 and binding constant was 1.88×10⁵ M⁻¹. The above results suggest that several different methods should be used in ompensation for insufficient information about drug binding to albumin molecule given by only one method.     

在无血清培养基中代谢副产物对杂交瘤细胞生长代谢的影响 I.乳酸的作用

研究了无血清批培养中乳酸对杂交瘤细胞生长代谢的影响，当乳酸浓度低于5．3mmol/L时，乳酸对细胞生长和代谢无明显影响，当乳酸浓度在10mmol/L-25mmol/L时，对杂交瘤细胞的生长代谢有弱抑制，当乳酸浓度高于34mmol/L时，对细胞生长代谢有较明显的抑制。     

Anal and rectal cancer in Crohn's disease

Several epidemiological studies have been published regarding the risk of Crohn's disease‐ associated colorectal cancer. The findings are, however, contradictory and it has been particularly difficult to obtain indisputable information on the incidence of cancer limited to the rectum and the anus. During 1987–2000 rectal or anal cancer was diagnosed in 335 patients in Sweden (153 males, 182 females). In other words, approximately 3 Crohn patients per million inhabitants were diagnosed with rectal or anal cancer every year during that time period which is 1% of the total number of cases. At diagnosis of cancer 36% were aged below 50 years and 58% below 60 years. Corresponding figures for all cases of anal and rectal cancer were 5% and 18%, respectively. Present knowledge from the literature implies that there is an increased risk of rectal and anal cancer only in Crohn's disease patients with severe proctitis or severe chronic perianal disease. However, the rectal remnant must also be considered a risk factor. Multimodal treatment is similar to that in sporadic cancer but proctectomy and total or partial colectomy is added depending on the extent of the Crohn's disease. The outcome is the same as in sporadic cancer at a corresponding stage but the prognosis is often poor due to the advanced stage of cancer at diagnosis. We suggest that six high‐risk groups should be recommended annual surveillance after a duration of Crohn's disease of 15 years including extensive colitis, chronic severe anorectal disese, rectal remnant, strictures, bypassed segments and sclerosing cholangitis.     

MANAGEMENT OF SEMINOMA OF THE TESTIS: RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON TREATMENT RESULTS

Background : The results of management of seminoma of the testis at the Department of Radiation Oncology St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney were evaluated retrospectively to: (i) establish that outcomes were in keeping with published results from centres in Australia and overseas; (ii) assess the impact of chemotherapy on management; and (iii) to determine ‘best practice’ management protocols based on our results and a review of the relevant literature. Methods : (i) Assessment of treatment results for stage I and II seminoma of the testis treated by post-orchidectomy radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy at St Vincent's Hospital between 1979 and 1993; (ii) literature review of published data from Australian and overseas centres on the management of seminoma of the testis, and in particular the use of surveillance or chemotherapy either alone, at time of relapse or combined with radiotherapy; and (iii) development of recommendations for use as management protocols in our department. Results : Our data and a review of the literature suggest that post-orchidectomy radiotherapy with chemotherapy for relapse in stage I and IIA disease results in long-term cure rates approaching 100%. Treatment with chemotherapy either routinely or selectively or using a surveillance policy is unlikely to show any improvement in outcome and may be less cost-effective and/or produce increased morbidity and the risk of secondary leukaemia. For stage IIB disease (5–10 cm) the use of initial combination chemotherapy with or without subsequent radiotherapy did not appear to give better outcomes than initial radical radiotherapy alone, reserving chemotherapy or further radiotherapy for relapse. For bulkier stage IIB disease (> 10cm). the use of initial chemotherapy plus consolidation radiotherapy appeared to be an appropriate treatment. Conclusions : Management protocols for seminoma of the testis at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney Department of Radiation Oncology currently are (i) stage I, IA and IIB (5–10 cm): post-orchidectomy radiotherapy alone with chemotherapy or further radiotherapy for relapse; and (ii) stage IIB (> 10 cm) disease: initial chemotherapy post-orchidectomy followed by radiotherapy to sites of initial disease involvement.     

Leukocytosis and low serum IgA in workers exposed to the epoxy compound,t-methyl-3-phenylglycidate

Summary Forty-nine out of 54 male workers engaged in the production of an epoxy compound, t-methyl-3-phenylglycidate, showed skin symptoms in varing degrees that may be due to the skin-irritative effect of the compound. The exposed workers were also shown to have subjective symptoms which may be related to the irritative property of the compound on surface tissue. Laboratory examinations on the blood obtained from the exposed workers showed significantly higher values of leukocyte concentration as compared with the non-exposed controls. This was chiefly caused by the increase of neutrophilic granulocytes and T-cell lymphocytes. Serum IgA levels of the exposed workers were shown to be significantly lower than those of the control group. Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and red cell count of the exposed workers remained at the same level as those of the control subjects. Liver or kidney damage was not found in biochemical analyses on the sera of exposed workers.     

哺乳妇女单次注射迪波盖司通~长效避孕针后血清和乳液中MPA浓度变化

目的:探讨中国妇女哺乳期使用迪波盖司通后血清和乳液醋酸甲羟孕酮(MPA)浓度变化。方法:10名产后哺乳妇女单次注射迪波盖司通(含MPA150mg),在注射后的第1、2、4、6、8、10和12周采集血样和乳液样本,用放射免疫方法测定MPA。结果:血清MPA浓度于注射后第1周最高,到第2、4周时下降明显,第4周后浓度下降趋势逐渐缓慢。乳液MPA浓度在第1周为最高,第2周比第1周降低了约1/2,之后10周平均浓度变化波动在5.09-8.15ng/ml之间。观察期间乳液/血清MPA浓度比值和曲线下浓度面积比值均为0.55。对象之间和同一对象不同时间点乳液/血清MPA浓度存在明显个体差异。结论:哺乳期使用迪波盖司通,将导致血液和乳液中含有一定量的MPA。     

有机结合 共同发展——从血清脂蛋白谱研究谈中西医结合体会

在整体观和平衡观的基础上 ,创立双梯度聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法 ,应用于同步分离血清脂蛋白及其亚组分 ,检测血清脂蛋白谱 (SLPG) ,以及“内脾虚”的基础和临床研究 ,并逐步建立了新的理论体系。SLPG较理想地表达了血清脂蛋白动态平衡的状态 ,是中西医结合认识血脂代谢和“脾气散精”功能的新指标。实践提示 ,有机结合和共同发展应是现代中西医结合研究面临的主要任务之一。     

全国哨点监测性病流行情况初步分析(1993-1996)

目的 　了解我国性病的现况、流行趋势和有关因素 ,作为制订性病防治规划的依据。方法　 我国在 1 993～ 1 996年建立了性病哨点监测系统。该系统在原有性病发病较高的 1 6个城市监测点的基础上进行调整 ,在全国建立了 2 6个性病监测哨点。对哨点加强管理 (如督导和反馈 ) ,收集完整的监测资料 ,并进行专项调查。结果　 4年内哨点监测系统共报告性病 2 0 2 86 6例 ,年平均发病率为 1 41 .46 / 1 0万 ,发病率逐年增长 ,但其速度较过去有所减慢。报告的病例男性多于女性 ,其性别比有逐年下降趋势。 2 0～ 39岁组患者占病例数的 82 .37% ,但儿童性病比过去明显增加。城市哨点发病率最高( 1 81 .86 / 1 0万 )。淋病仍为优势病种 ,但其发病呈逐年下降趋势 ;梅毒增加较快 (包括儿童梅毒 )。此系统已开始有 HIV/ AIDS病例的个别报告。在传染源中 ,暗娼占有相当高的比例。结论　 哨点监测系统由于加强了管理 ,能较准确地描述当地的性病流行情况 ,特别是其流行趋势。