The association of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma with gynecologic pathologies and its role in pelvic serous cancer

Objectives

Possible primary sites of pelvic serous cancers are, fallopian tubes, ovaries or peritoneum. Recent studies have revealed that a portion of these tumors originates from serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) at the distal end of fallopian tubes. In this study, the association of STIC with pelvic serous carcinomas and the pathologic parameters that indicate the tubes as the primary site were assessed.

Methods

In total, 495 pairs of fallopian tubes obtained via total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy between 2011 and 2013 were examined according to SEE-FIM protocol. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were examined by pathologists. Suspicious areas were immunostained with p53 and Ki-67 to diagnose STIC precisely.

Results

Of the 495 cases, 110 cases were malignant. Among 34 cases of non-uterine serous carcinomas, 13 were diagnosed with STIC. STIC was located at the fimbrial end of the fallopian tubes in 12 cases. No STIC was identified in the gynecologic malignancies other than non-uterine serous pelvic carcinomas and benign gynecologic pathologies. Comparison of the ovarian and tubal cancer cases with and without STIC did not reveal a factor that helps to define the primary site. STIC was an important factor associated in a higher portion of the cases with bilateral ovarian cancer.

Conclusion

The role of STIC in carcinogenesis continues to be discussed as it is unknown whether STIC is the precursor lesion or just associates with the malignancies. Discovering the accurate precursor lesions and tumor carcinogenesis is essential to prevent these malignancies and to develop early diagnostic methods.     

八聚体结合转录因子4与蛋白激酶B1基因在卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织表达及耐药相关性研究

目的 研究八聚体结合转录因子4（OCT4）和蛋白激酶B1（AKT1）基因在卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中的表达,探讨两者之间相关性及在化疗耐药中发挥的作用。 方法 全部病例来自中国医科大学附属盛京医院2004年1月至2010年10月。采用免疫组织化学SP法对67例卵巢浆液性腺癌（化疗耐药30例,化疗敏感37例）、10例卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、10例卵巢良性浆液性囊腺瘤和10例正常卵巢组织中OCT4和AKT1的表达情况进行检测。 结果 OCT4的阳性表达率在卵巢浆液性腺癌、卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、卵巢良性浆液性囊腺瘤和正常卵巢组织中依次降低,差异具有统计学意义（P=0.002）;在耐药组和敏感组的阳性表达率分别为83.33%和45.95%,差异有统计学意义（P=0.002）。AKT1蛋白在正常组、良性组、交界性组和恶性组的阳性表达率分别为0、40.00%、70.00%、62.69%,差异具有统计学意义（P=0.001）;在耐药组和敏感组的阳性表达率分别为76.67%和51.35%, 两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0.033）。OCT4蛋白与卵巢浆液性癌临床病理因素无关,AKT1蛋白与卵巢浆液性癌的临床分期呈正相关（P<0.05）。OCT4与AKT1蛋白在耐药组中呈正相关（r=0.388,P=0.034）;在敏感组无明显相关性（r=0.246,P=0.142）。     

高精度持续循环腹腔热灌注化疗联合静脉化疗治疗卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的临床研究

目的:探讨高精度持续循环腹腔热灌注化疗(CHPPC)联合静脉化疗(IC)对卵巢浆液性囊腺癌满意肿瘤细胞减灭术后患者的疗效及毒副作用。方法:将60例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌满意肿瘤细胞减灭术后患者随机分为实验组和对照组(每组30例),实验组给予CHPPC+IC,对照组给予IC。结果:实验组和对照组中血清CA125半衰期20天者分别占76.67%、43.33%,差异显著(P0.05)。按PECIST指南推荐的实体瘤评价标准,实验组和对照组的有效率分别为80.00%和53.33%,差异显著(P0.05)。实验组和对照组的胃肠道反应发生率分别为96.67%和80.00%,差异显著(P0.05),余不良反应均无显著差异。随访15个月,实验组和对照组的复发率分别为13.33%和36.67%,生存率分别为90.0%和70.0%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CHPPC+IC治疗卵巢浆液性囊腺癌安全、可行、可耐受,能显著提高生存率、减少复发率。     

Overview Article: Ultrastructural Features of the Common Epithelial Tumors of the Ovary: Part II

The ultrastructural features of benign and malignant serous, mucinous, and endometrial variants of ovarian carcinoma are presented. Clear cell tumors and Brenner tumors are also discussed.

Where possible, specific electron microscopic features are stressed.     

Genetic alteration and immunohistochemical staining patterns of ovarian high‐grade serous adenocarcinoma with special emphasis on p53 immnnostaining pattern

We evaluated p53, KRAS, BRAF and CTNNB1 mutation and p53, WT1, p16 and beta‐catenin expression in 31 ovarian high‐grade serous adenocarcinoma. Twenty‐five (80.6%) tumors contained functional mutations of p53; three frameshift, four nonsense and 19 missense mutations. None of the tumors showed KRAS, BRAF or CTNNB1 mutation. In all 18 tumors with missense mutations, ≥60% of tumor cells were strongly positive for p53 immunostaining whereas all tumors with frameshift or nonsense mutations were completely negative. Missense mutation was correlated with diffuse and strong imunoreaction and frameshift/nonsense mutation was correlated with completely negative immunoreaction (P = 0.000). Tumors with wild‐type p53 revealed a wide range of immunostaining patterns. In 27 (87.1%) and 18 (58.1%) tumors, ≥50% of tumor cells were moderate to strongly positive for WT1 and p16, respectively. A considerable intratumoral heterogeneity for p16 expression was present. None of the tumors demonstrated nuclear beta‐catenin expression. p53 mutations appear to be a powerful molecular marker for ovarian high‐grade serous adenocarcinoma. Using p53 with an appropriate interpretation criteria together with WT1, p16 and beta‐catenin, most of the high‐grade serous adenocarcinoma could be distinguished from other ovarian tumors.     

Micropapillary carcinoma of the parotid gland arising in mucinous cystadenoma

We describe a 45-year-old man who had a 2-year history of a slowly enlarging tumor in the left parotid gland. Histologically, the tumor was a mucinous cystadenoma with focal apocrine differentiation, which revealed a widespread invasive micropapillary adenocarcinoma component. A rim of lymphoid tissue surrounded the margins of the micropapillary carcinoma. The invasive micropapillary adenocarcinoma component was morphologically identical with the invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the mammary gland. The tumor is different from so-far recognized salivary gland tumor entities. Received: 25 October 1999 / Accepted: 13 June 2000     

Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy as the total biopsy of the pancreas: tool of minimally invasive surgery

Because of recent progress in imaging modalities, the opportunities to detect pancreatic cystic neoplasms are increasing. However, serous cystadenoma is still uncommon. We report a case of serous cystadenoma treated by laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. A 52-year-old woman presented with mild upper abdominal pain. Dynamic computed tomography (CT) revealed a solitary cystic lesion 3cm in diameter in the pancreatic tail. Endoscopic ultrasound showed a honeycomb pattern, indicative of serous cystadenoma. To obtain the final diagnosis of the tumor, we performed laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. A histopathological study showed microcystadenoma with no evidence of malignancy.