铁凝小说对女性觉醒的反思

铁凝的小说以突显士性意识而引人瞩目，但她们的身心又因承栽着太多的社会内客而扭曲、变形。五四启蒙运动呼唤人的觉醒，而士性在觉醒的过程中备经坎坷与磨难，她们要付出身体乃至生命的双重代价。探究原因。更有助于她们真正的解放。     

剖宫产的伦理审视

近些年来，我国的剖宫产率处在不断上升的趋势，其中社会因素导致的非必须剖宫产占很大比率。剖宫产是在一定的医学指征下不得不采用的一种创伤性手术，对母婴、社会都会造成不良影响。对剖宫产现象进行伦理审视，理清其中的道德关系，有助于医者和患者把握正确的道德原则，从而采取相应的对策，减少非必须剖宫产的发生。     

吸收系数法测定吡嗪酰胺片中溶出度的研究

目的:建立吸收系数法测定吡嗪酰胺片中的溶出度.方法:采用紫外分光光度中的吸收系数法,吸收系数E(1m)652.结果:本法与对照品法无显著性差异.结论:本方法简便易行、快速、准确,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法.     

Quantitative analysis of hyperpolarized 129Xe ventilation imaging in healthy volunteers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

In this study, hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe MR ventilation and ¹H anatomical images were obtained from three subject groups: young healthy volunteers (HVs), subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and age‐matched controls (AMCs). Ventilation images were quantified by two methods: an expert reader‐based ventilation defect score percentage (VDS%) and a semi‐automated segmentation‐based ventilation defect percentage (VDP). Reader‐based values were assigned by two experienced radiologists and resolved by consensus. In the semi‐automated analysis, ¹H anatomical images and ¹²⁹Xe ventilation images were both segmented following registration to obtain the thoracic cavity volume and ventilated volume, respectively, which were then expressed as a ratio to obtain the VDP. Ventilation images were also characterized by generating signal intensity histograms from voxels within the thoracic cavity volume, and heterogeneity was analyzed using the coefficient of variation (CV). The reader‐based VDS% correlated strongly with the semi‐automatically generated VDP (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001) and with CV (r = 0.82, p < 0.0001). Both ¹²⁹Xe ventilation defect scoring metrics readily separated the three groups from one another and correlated significantly with the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) (VDS%: r = –0.78, p = 0.0002; VDP: r = –0.79, p = 0.0003; CV: r = –0.66, p = 0.0059) and other pulmonary function tests. In the healthy subject groups (HVs and AMCs), the prevalence of ventilation defects also increased with age (VDS%: r = 0.61, p = 0.0002; VDP: r = 0.63, p = 0.0002). Moreover, ventilation histograms and their associated CVs distinguished between subjects with COPD with similar ventilation defect scores, but visibly different ventilation patterns. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bayesian Biostatistics,by Emmanuel Lesaffre and Andrew B. Lawson,John Wiley & Sons, 2012

In nondesigned longitudinal observational studies, irregularly spaced measurements are commonly present over a period of follow-up time. We propose a smoothing dynamic model, based on the idea of varying coefficients, to analyze this highly unbalanced longitudinal data. The estimate of model parameters can be obtained by implementing a well-developed B-splines technique. Our method is illustrated with data from a primary care based longitudinal cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients. The results show that the effects of some risk factors might be underestimated by an intention-to-treat analysis using a last-value-carried-forward method.     

Reflection of foster parents on caring for foster and adopted children and their suggestions to teachers

In this research project we investigated the process of adoption of foster children by foster parents and the foster parents’ ideas of how to help foster children going through the process of adoption or those who have been adopted. We sent questionnaires to 200 foster parents living in the Cleveland area, but just 23 foster parents replied. Results of our research showed that 70% of foster parents chose the foster‐to‐adopt option because they wanted to adopt children, 65% of the foster parents stated that the school was helpful, and 50% informed their child’s school about the adoption at the beginning of the school year. Regretfully, the majority of the foster parents reported that they did not receive from the school any materials related to adoption. In addition, 75% of foster parents believe that teachers should schedule special lessons and events during Adoption Month.     

A Compact Band-Pass Filter with High Selectivity and Second Harmonic Suppression

The design of a novel band-pass filter with narrow-band features based on an electromagnetic resonator at 6.4 GHz is presented. A prototype is manufactured and characterized in terms of transmission and reflection coefficient. The selective passband and suppression of the second harmonic make the filter suitable to be used in a C band frequency range for radar systems and satellite/terrestrial applications. To avoid substantial interference for this kind of applications, passive components with narrow band features and small dimensions are required. Between 3.6 GHz and 4.2 GHz the band-pass filter with harmonic suppression should have an attenuation of at least 35 dB, whereas for a passband, less than 10% is sufficient.     

脑反射治疗对慢性精神分裂症阴性症状的疗效观察

目的:探讨脑反射治疗对慢性精神分裂症阴性症状的疗效,寻找治疗慢性精神分裂症的新途径。方法:符合国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)残留型精神分裂症诊断标准的住院精神病患者200例,按单双号随机分为治疗组和对照组各100例,治疗组患者每天给予脑反射治疗1次,每次30min,20次为1个疗程;对照组患者只开展日常康复治疗。两组患者均按常规使用精神科药物治疗,患者治疗前及治疗后分别采用阴性症状评定量表(SANS)、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)、幸福感指数量表进行评定。结果:经1个疗程的脑反射治疗前后比较,治疗组患者SANS评分中情感平淡、思维贫乏、意志缺乏、社交缺乏、注意障碍和总分明显下降(P<0.001);AIS评分显示,治疗后治疗组患者睡眠质量提高,高于对照组,尤其在入睡时间、夜间苏醒、早醒、总睡眠时间、白天情绪和总分差异显著(P<0.001);幸福感指数量表评分中情感指数、生活满意度、幸福指数分明显升高(P<0.001)。对照组患者治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义。结论:脑反射治疗能改善慢性精神分裂症患者的阴性症状,对患者的睡眠质量有改善,自我幸福感指数上升。     

基于Ridit和RSR法的临床手术科室风险系数及其风险等级评价

目的探寻构建临床手术科室风险系数并客观评价其风险等级的方法。方法结合Ridit法与RSR法,对临床手术科室风险系数进行分档评级。结果手术科室风险系数(Ki)=各科室平均Ridit值+三四级手术占比+复杂病人占用床日比。后期通过运用RSR法和最佳分档准则,将Ki值分为3档,即临床手术科室风险分为3个等级:第一级为低风险科室,第二级为一般风险科室,第三级为高风险科室。结论利用临床手术科室风险系数Ki值反映各科承担的手术风险,能相对客观公正地表现临床医生的工作量和工作强度,有利于优化医院内部运营绩效考核与分配等工作。